Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0338671 (Steroids)
 9,479 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Stevens-Johnson (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) are two uncommon mucocutaneous diseases usually considered as severe drug reactions and are characterized by different grades of epidermal necrosis. Several treatment modalities have been proposed with variable results but the lack of controlled studies makes difficult to analyze them objectively especially in children. All publications describing management for SJS and TEN in children were searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Reports included were divided in two categories: A, studies with 5 or more patients and observational studies; and B, reports with less than 5 patients. A formal meta-analysis was not feasible. Description was made using central tendency measures. From 1389 references only 31 references with a total of 128 cases were included, 88 category A and 40 category B. The 4 main treatment modalities were: intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), steroids (prednisolone, methylprednisolone, dexamethasone), dressings with or without surgical debridement, and support treatment alone. Miscellaneous treatments: Of 12 patients, 3 received ulinastatin, 4 patients plasmapheresis, 2 patients IV pentoxifylline and the last three patients received different treatment each (cyclosporine, methylprednisone/G-CSF and methylprednisolone/IVIG). Patients receiving IVIG and steroids showed similar findings while patients treated with dressing and support treatment alone, reported both longer time to achieve remission and hospitalization stays and appear to be associated with more complications and deaths. There is scant quality literature about management of SJS and TEN in children. Steroids and IVIG seem to improve the outcome of SJS and TEN patients but results from different reports are variable. Patients treated only with care support seem to have higher morbidity and mortality. Further studies are necessary to define optimal management.
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PMID:A systematic review of treatment of drug-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in children. 2146 3

The burden of alcoholic liver disease has rapidly grown in the past two decades and is expected to increase further in the coming years. Alcoholic hepatitis, the most florid presentation of alcoholic liver disease, continues to have high morbidity and mortality, with significant financial and healthcare burden with limited treatment options. Steroids remain the current standard of care in severe alcoholic hepatitis in carefully selected patients. No specific treatments are available for those patients who are steroid ineligible, intolerant or unresponsive. Liver transplant has shown good short-term outcome; however, feasibility, ethical and economic concerns remain. Modification of gut microbiota composition and their products, such as lipopolysaccharide, nutritional interventions, immune modulation, increasing steroid sensitivity, genetic polymorphism and epigenetic modification of alcohol induced liver damage, augmenting hepatic regeneration using GCSF are potential therapeutic avenues in steroid non-responsive/ineligible patients. With better understanding of the pathophysiology, using "Omics" platforms, newer options for patients with alcoholic hepatitis are expected soon.
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PMID:New treatment options for alcoholic hepatitis. 2709 34