Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0314719 (dry eye)
 2,625 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Severe ocular surface diseases (OSDs) with severe dry eye can be devastating and are currently some of the most challenging eye disorders to treat. To investigate the feasibility of using an autologous tissue-engineered cultivated nasal mucosal epithelial cell sheet (CNMES) for ocular surface reconstruction, we developed a novel technique for the culture of nasal mucosal epithelial cells expanded ex vivo from biopsy-derived human nasal mucosal tissues. After the protocol, the CNMESs had 4-5 layers of stratified, well-differentiated cells, and we successfully generated cultured epithelial sheets, including numerous goblet cells. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of keratins 3, 4, and 13; mucins 1, 16, and 5AC; cell junction and basement membrane assembly proteins; and stem/progenitor cell marker p75 in the CNMESs. We then transplanted the CNMESs onto the ocular surfaces of rabbits and confirmed the survival of this tissue, including the goblet cells, up to 2 weeks. The present report describes an attempt to overcome the problems of treating severe OSDs with the most severe dry eye by treating them using tissue-engineered CNMESs to supply functional goblet cells and to stabilize and reconstruct the ocular surface. The present study is a first step toward assessing the use of tissue-engineered goblet-cell transplantation of nonocular surface origin for ocular surface reconstruction.
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PMID:Ocular surface reconstruction with a tissue-engineered nasal mucosal epithelial cell sheet for the treatment of severe ocular surface diseases. 2541 78

Japan faces an aging population and a declining birth rate, so medical professionals and the public are seeking next-generation ophthalmological treatments to preserve and restore visual function. Two fields lie at the heart of this future concept of ophthalmological treatments. The first is predictive medicine and early intervention and treatment. This field is based on precision medicine to treat chronic conditions such as keratoconus, glaucoma, and macular degeneration while the condition is latent or soon after it has developed. The second field is regenerative therapy. This field includes cell therapy, regenerative medicine, artificial corneas and retinal implants. Precision medicine is the concept of examining the effects of genomic information and environmental factors on the onset or progression of a condition. Precision medicine involves dividing patients with a given condition into subgroups and then developing an appropriate method of preventing or treating that condition for each group. This may prove useful in treating corneal conditions such as keratoconus and dry eye. To accomplish that goal, however, overarching genomic, imaging, and biomarker studies must be conducted. Markers related to the onset or progression of a condition must also be identified. This paper describes results of preliminary study of 2 types of markers: biomarkers, and genetic markers. These markers have been used in efforts to predict the onset or progression of keratoconus. The development of regenerative medicine requires basic studies of stem cells and microenvironments (niches) in which to sustain those cells. N-cadherin is a cell adhesion molecule, and the current authors are the first to contend that this molecule plays an important role in the corneal epithelial stem cell niche. In addition, the current authors are the first to report that corneal endothelial cells expressing p75 may potentially be corneal endothelial precursor cells. Capitalizing on the results of that basic study, the current authors have also worked to develop regenerative therapies for the corneal epithelium and the corneal endothelium. The current authors developed the world's first autologous oral mucosal cell sheets to treat corneal epithelial stem cell deficiency. Having conducted a first-in-human clinical study and a multi-center clinical study, the current authors have initiated a physician-led clinical trial of this therapy. In order to identify ways to better restore visual acuity, the current authors are using iPS cells to develop a regenerative therapy with autologous corneal epithelium. Furthermore, the current authors are working to develop a regenerative therapy for corneal endothelium using allogeneic corneal endothelial cells derived from iPS cells. Making medicine of the future a current reality is not easy. Innovations that benefit patients are developed over decades. The current authors hope to pass this baton of scientific innovation on to future generations.
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PMID:[Future Innovative Medicine for Corneal Diseases]. 2716 59