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Query: UMLS:C0312414 (Spotting)
 88 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Fertility Control Clinic, National University Hospital in Singapore carried out this study between Jan.1988-Dec.1988. In a comparison of present and past users of contraceptive implants (Norplant) or injectables (DMPA) and discontinuers of Norplant or DMPA, information concerning the women's knowledge and perception of, and attitude to, implants and injectable contraceptives, was studied. 200 married women ages 20-45 with at least 1 living child, who had used either method for at least 1 year, took part in this survey. The long duration of action (5 years) of implants was perceived positively by all groups as compared to the shorter 3-month duration of injectables, though this was seen as an advantage over the pill. 69% of implant users expressed a desire to continue using them, but only 30.7% of the injectable users wanted to continue using the method. 60% of the injectable users wanted to switch to implants, whereas no implant users desired a change. Women stopped using these 2 methods mainly because of the desire for a future pregnancy, menstrual spotting, and absence of menses. Norplant seems to be the ideal contraceptive in Singapore for women who do not want any more children or irreversible contraception.
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PMID:Attitudes towards contraceptive implants and injectables among present and former users in Singapore. 210 23

Cycle control was studied comparing the monophasic oral contraceptive Loestrin with three low-dose phasic preparations (Triphasil, Ortho 10/11 and Ortho 7/7/7) in 391 women of whom 300 completed 6 cycles. Loestrin subjects had a rate of occurrence (31% of cycles) for intermenstrual bleeding (IMB) comparable to the rates for subjects on the phasic preparations (36%, 37% and 37%, respectively). Triphasil subjects had lower rates than the Ortho 10/11 and Ortho 7/7/7 subjects (p less than 0.01) in cycle one when all subjects were analyzed and in pre-study users when continuing menstrual flow (CMF) episodes were not included as IMB. IMB was a cause for dropping out of the study in 7% of subjects who were evenly distributed between groups. There were no differences between groups for BTB when perceived by subjects as a side effect. Spotting was perceived as a side effect more often with Ortho 10/11 and Ortho 7/7/7 use than with Triphasil (p less than 0.01). Loestrin, Ortho 10/11 and Ortho 7/7/7 subjects were more likely to report amenorrhea (p less than 0.001) and less likely to report leg cramps (p less than 0.01) compared to those on Triphasil. Triphasil subjects were less likely to report acne than subjects on Ortho 7/7/7 (p less than 0.01).
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PMID:Cycle control on low-dose oral contraceptives: a comparative trial. 228 88

750 cycles of treatment with a new triphasic oral contraceptive (OC), (WL-49(50), Trinordiol), containing the lowest quantity of steroids of all available preparations were evaluated in 75 healthy young women (mean age 19.6 years). 70% of all young women had normal, regular menstrual cycles. 65% had not used contraception previously, and the others had previously taken combined or progestogen only OCs or had an IUD. The mean length of treatment with the triphasic preparation was 10 cycles. Routine clinical evaluation, including gynecological examination, weight and blood pressure measurement, assessment of cycle events, and recording of spontaneously reported side effects, was performed every 3 months. Cycle control during triphasic OC use was very good. There was a statistically significant trend of the cycles toward more regularity than prior to this type of contraception, with an increased frequency of 28-day cycles. Duration of menses was significantly reduced and menstrual volume was more frequently rated by the women as normal. Spotting and breakthrough bleeding showed a very low frequency, the latter accounting for less than 10% of intermenstrual bleeding during triphasic OC medication. Frequency of side effects was 53.3% (40 women) during triphasic OC use. 20% of the population reported side effects among the reasons for stopping triphasic OC use. Breast tenderness was the most frequent side effect recorded in almost 9% of the total number of treatment cycles. It affected 21% of the women under study, a significantly more frequent occurrence than before triphasic OC use in these individuals. The tendency of this symptom to improve was observed in more than half of the cases within 3 months use of triphasic OC use. Other signs of estrogenic dominance such as gastrointestinal disturbances, vaginal discharge, pelvic congestion, and leg cramps were also present but much less prominent than breast tenderness. 16 (21.3%) patients presented with breast tenderness for 67 (8.9%) cycles. Nausea and vomiting were experienced by 6 (8%) patients for 28 (3.7%) cycles. Vaginal discharge was present in 10 (13.3%) patients for 33 (4.4% cycles). Spotting and breakthrough bleeding occurred in 6 (8%) women for 14 (1.9% cycles). Absence of change in weight was recorded in 1/3 of the women studied; another 1/3 experienced a weight reduction of 1-4 kg and the last 1/3 gained 1-4 kg. There were no statistically significant variations in either systolic or diastolic blood pressure values.
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PMID:Clinical experience with a triphasic oral contraceptive ('Trinordiol') in young women. 640 57

Women who received Norplant contraceptive implants from any of fifteen clinical settings in southeast Texas, U.S.A., were followed for one year to determine their reactions to the method. Of 1,385 who enrolled to receive Norplant implants, 1,253 had implants inserted. Side effects were reported by 78% of those receiving implants and 70% described changes in bleeding patterns. Spotting or irregular bleeding, weight gain and headaches were the conditions reported most frequently. Nine pregnancies were reported during the study period. Six of these, however, existed before the implants were inserted. At the one year anniversary, 143 of women receiving implants had had them removed. Those who discontinued method use were less satisfied, reported more side effects and were more likely to have planned to have another child, thus using the method for spacing, or to have had a change in their marital status while they were using the contraceptive. Providers should counsel patients to focus attention on plans for the future in selecting their contraceptive method. In addition, we recommend, as does the product's distributor, that providers confirm that patients are not pregnant prior to inserting implants.
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PMID:One-year experience with subdermal contraceptive implants in the United States. 822 53

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the bleeding patterns and clinical performance during the first 2 years of use of an intrauterine system releasing 20 microg/day of levonorgestrel (LNG-IUS, Mirena). Two-hundred-fifty-six women accepted use of Mirena from April 1998 through September 1998. The gross cumulative discontinuation rate due to pregnancy and expulsion were significantly higher in women who used the device because of heavy bleeding. There was one pregnancy at the 15th month of use after an inadvertent expulsion of the device. The continuation rate was 66.2 at the end of the second year. Forty-four percent of women reported amenorrhea at the 6th month of use. This rate maintained stability at 50% after 12 and 24 months of use. Spotting was present in 25% of the users at 6 months, decreasing to 8% and 11% at 18 and 24 months, respectively. Oligomenorrhea was described by one-quarter of women and was similar at each observation period. Removals due to menstrual bleeding problems were concentrated in the first 6 months of use and mostly due to amenorrhea or menorrhagia. In conclusion, LNG-IUS showed a high contraceptive efficacy and a good continuation rate up to 2 years. In addition, a reduction of blood loss was observed a few months after insertion.
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PMID:Bleeding patterns and clinical performance of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (Mirena) up to two years. 1192 15

35 predominantly multiparous, sexually active women aged 25-44 years were fitted with levonorgestrel 20 T (Schering) IUDS in the post- menstrual phase, or in rare instances, right after abortion. the devices contained 60 mg of levonorgestrel releasing 20 mcg/day with the life span of 5 years. The patients were followed up every 3-6 months to detect side effects and complications. The first year contained a total of 339 months of observation, while the figure rose to 461 months in the second year. Spotting lasting 15-20 days followed insertion, but in later months only 7% of patients complained of bleeding or menstrual spotting. 7-8% of cases tended to have oligomenorrhea in the first year; 1/3 to 1/2 of them had hypomenorrhea during the first and second year. True amenorrhea started in 20-30% of women, persisting through both years. Longer duration of flow occurred in 32.4-4.57.1% of cases during these 2 years. Hormonal effects (headache, acne, hirsutism, depression, mastalgia, and inflamed varicose veins) ranged from 18.2- 33.3%. Levonorgestrel 20 T demonstrated more superior contraceptive efficacy than Progestasert; however, serious menstrual cycle disorders associated with it also increased. All progestin-releasing devices (the minipill, Norplant, Progestasert) induced menstrual changes, thus their use is preferable for therapeutic indications such as hypermenorrhea and uterine fibroid.
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PMID:[Two-year clinical performance of the Levonorgestrel 20 T IUD]. 1231 72