Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0312414 (Spotting)
 88 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Until now, endometrial ablation (EA) included at least three steps: (1) D & C or hysteroscopic endometrial sampling; (2) Danazol treatment; and (3) the ablation. We have found that step (2) can be omitted if EA is performed between days 2-7 of the menses. This permits to combine steps (1) and (3) into a single stage EA which is a very simple, feasible, efficient and safe treatment for dysfunctional bleeding. Simple: because one stage without hormonal pretreatment, causing almost no pain and only a minimal time off work. It is not more of a burden than D & C with hysteroscopy. General anaesthesia is used in 94% of our patients. Feasible: in one case only (GOPO) the cervix could not be dilated wide enough. Efficient: good results in 97.5%: 67% complete amenorrhea, 24% slight menstrual spotting for a maximum of 2 days, 6% reduced flow and 0.5% normal flow. There are 2.5% failures. When menorrhagia is accompanied by otherwise unexplained dysmenorrhea, the pain is completely cured in 73%, unchanged in 7% and greatly improved in 20%. Safe: mild complications in 2.5% only. We have also combined the two main methods of endometrial destruction: electrocoagulation and Nd/Yag laser. Our 97.5% good results, however, is not a definite proof that a combination of these two techniques is better than either technique alone.
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PMID:One-stage endometrial ablation: results in 200 cases. 156 72

The Biograviplan (IUD) is a therapeutic system which, from a reservoir of 52 mg progesterone, permits the programmed release of the hormone within the uterus. It provides effective contraception over a period of 24 months. Spotting, intensified and prolonged menstrual bleeding can, in common with other IUDs, occur initially. Later, hypomenorrhoea and, occasionally, also silent menstruation extending over up to 3 cycles, can be seen. Dysmenorrhoea and menstrual pain are markedly reduced as compared with other IUDs. No intrauterine pregnancy was observed, but several extrauterine pregnancies occurred. Patients should be carefully selected for such a device, which can be recommended in particular for women with primary dysmenorrhoea or hypermenorrhoea.
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PMID:[The progestasert system--a 24-month-long active spiral. Clinical experiences with an intrauterine progesterone-releasing system]. 638 90

As part of a wider evaluation of the Multiload Copper 250 IUD, bleeding patterns were studied longitudinally during the 1st year following insertion in 150 women. The women were menstruating regularly and had not been pregnant or on hormone or intrauterine contraception in the preceding 2 months. Detailed counseling was given, including instruction on collection of menstrual data. The mean age of the patients was 28 years (19-35) and mean parity was 2-3; none was nulliparous. 12 subjects could not be contacted after insertion and were not considered further. At 12 months, there were 11 terminations: pain and/or bleeding, 2; other medical reasons, 1; accidental pregnancy, 1; planning pregnancy, 5f other personal reasons, 1; and lost to follow-up, 1. Following device insertion menstrual duration was initially increased, followed by a fall to levels which were not significantly different from preinsertion values after about 6-9 months of use. Similar trends were noted when menstrual bleeding and spotting were separately analyzed. The mean number of bleeding days decreased from 4.5 during the first 90 days to 4.2 and then 3.9, respectively, in the last 2 segments; the corresponding figures for menstrual spotting were 3.5, 2.8, 2.7, and 2.8 days. Intermenstrual bleeding and spotting were common after insertion but their frequency rapidly decreased with time. To a large extent, bleeding disturbances determine IUD acceptability. Thus, its perceived improvement would tend to encourage continued use and suggests that the potential risk of anemia in longterm users need not necessarily be serious.
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PMID:Menstrual flow duration and spotting following Multiload Copper 250 intra-uterine device insertion. 1227 48

The mechanical dilation of the cervix during induced abortion may cause pain and trauma. A clinical trial was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of applying a hydrophilic polyurethane dilation rod to the cervix to soften tissue and dilate the cervix before the induced abortion. 100 healthy pregnant women aged 19-34 were screened and recruited into the study. The duration of pregnancy ranged from 5.9-12 weeks. The study had 2 purposes: 1) to identify the shortest duration of application of the rod for dilating the cervix and 2) to compare the effectiveness of applying the rod for 1/2, 1, and 2 hours. The study found that the use of the hydrophilic polyurethane rod and a significant effect on dilating the cervix. The effectiveness of the rod application of 2, 3, 6, and 12 hours was similar. The dilation was sufficient except in a few cases. 21-47 of the patients who use the rods for 1 hour and 1/2 hour, respectively, needed additional dilation. The dilation was much easier than it would have been without using the rods. Among all the groups of the rod users, no spontaneous abortion and hemorrhage occurred. Spotting, nausea, and vomiting were observed in a few women. The study results showed that the hydrophilic polyurethane rod is a safe, effective, and economical method of cervix dilation for induced abortion. It can reduce pain, the time needed for suction, and blood loss. The only inconvenience of the method is the increased amount of work. The method is especially attractive to first-time pregnant women, and its use may be expanded in outpatient clinics.
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PMID:[The application of hydrophilic polyurethane rod before vacuum aspiration]. 1234 6