Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0311277 (abdominal obesity)
 2,792 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic traits associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Central obesity and insulin resistance are thought to play key roles in the pathogenesis of the MetS. The MetS has a significant genetic component, and therefore linkage analysis, candidate gene approach, and genome-wide association (GWA) studies have been applied in the search of gene variants for the MetS. A few variants have been identified, located mostly in or near genes regulating lipid metabolism. GWA studies for the individual components of the MetS have reported several loci having pleiotropic effects on multiple MetS-related traits. Genetic studies have provided so far only limited evidence for a common genetic background of the MetS. Epigenetic factors (DNA methylation and histone modification) are likely to play important roles in the pathogenesis of the MetS, and they might mediate the effects of environmental exposures on the risk of the MetS. Further research is needed to clarify the role of genetic variation and epigenetic mechanisms in the development of the MetS.
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PMID:Genetics of metabolic syndrome. 2512 43

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) consist in a combination of cardiovascular risk factors including elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and abdominal obesity. Exercise performed before, during and after pregnancy can exert positive effects to counteract MetS risk factors. Here this review aims to analyze the effects of exercise performed before (fathers and mothers) and after periconception (mothers) by using experimental models and its effects on MetS risk factors in offspring. All selected studies investigated the effects of aerobic exercise before, during and after periconception on MetS risk factors in offspring, while no studies utilizing resistance exercise were found. Exercise performed before, and after periconception exerted preventive effects in the offspring, with regards to MetS risk factors. However, more studies focusing on the dose-response of exercise before, and after periconception may reveal interesting results on MetS risk factor in offspring. Thus, the prevention from chronic degenerative diseases can be improved by mother exercise and might be associated with epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, hPTMs (histone post translational modifications), non-coding RNAs (ex: MicroRNAs) which results phenotypic modifications by individual genome reprograming. Otherwise, results from paternal exercise are inconclusive at this time.
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PMID:??? 2849