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Query: UMLS:C0311277 (abdominal obesity)
 2,792 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of traditional risk factors including hypertension, abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol and fasting hyperglycemia. This syndrome is a noxious condition not only for the cardiovascular (CV) system but also for the kidney. In a recent analysis of the NHANES III study the prevalence rate of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was very low in patients without risk factors, but reached 9% in those with five risk factors. Furthermore, in the NHANES III survey it was also found that mild renal insufficiency is frequent in the US population affecting about one-third of individuals. Recent estimates in Europe indicate that mild renal insufficiency is at least as frequent as it is in the US. While research on emerging risk factors in CKD is flourishing, clinical outcomes in these patients remain poor. This could depend on the fact that pathophysiological knowledge of the high renal and CV risk associated with CKD is still largely incomplete. Yet recent surveys have shown that treatment targets in these patients are largely unmet. Therefore, there is ample room for improving clinical outcomes in CKD by the systematic application of available treatments according to the recommendations of current clinical guidelines.
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PMID:Chronic kidney disease epidemics--a gap in effectiveness: the distance between potential and actual treatment benefits. 1673 9

Overweight and obesity are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Some studies have demonstrated that they also can result in renal damage. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of renal insufficiency (RI), defined as a GFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2, in a cohort of 4585 patients who attended primary care with essential hypertension and a body mass index > or =25 kg/m2. The patients were classified as overweight and obese according to body mass index (25 to 29.9 and > or =30 kg/m2, respectively). Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference > or =88 and 102 cm in women and men, respectively. Both groups had a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (Adult Treatment Panel III). The prevalence of RI was high in both the overweight group (22.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 20.6 to 24.9) and in the obese group (22.8%; 95% CI 21.0 to 24.7). The presence of diabetes increased the risk for RI (odds ratio 1.83; 95% CI 1.55 to 2.16). The prevalence of RI was greater in patients with abdominal obesity (23 versus 17%; P < 0.001). In the presence of abdominal obesity, cardiovascular risk factors and components of the metabolic syndrome also were more prevalent. The higher risk for RI with abdominal obesity persisted even after adjustment for dyslipidemia, elevated blood glucose levels, and other variables that are associated with RI (adjusted odds ratio 1.40; 95% CI 0.84 to 2.33). It was concluded that patients who have hypertension and visceral obesity and attend primary care present a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome and RI.
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PMID:Prevalence of renal insufficiency in individuals with hypertension and obesity/overweight: the FATH study. 1713 Feb 61

A patient with abdominal obesity, type 2 diabetes, arterial hypertension and dyslipidaemia is exposed to a high risk of coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure and/or renal insufficiency. The management of such a patient requires different medications, which should be prescribed by taking into account both (relative and absolute) indications and contra-indications to improve overall prognosis. The present clinical case report illustrates the therapeutic reasoning leading to an appropriate pharmacological polytherapy, combined with life-style changes.
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PMID:[A patient with cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities: integration of indications and contra-indications in pharmacotherapy]. 2085 8