Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0279530 (bone cancer)
 1,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Permanent human osteosarcoma cell lines are important tools for the study of bone cancer. As representative of an osteoblastic phenotype, they partly reflect their normal osteoblastic counterparts and, thus, may represent appropriate models to investigate the mechanisms involved in bone remodelling and in haematopoietic differentiation. In the present work, we describe a new human cell line, CAL 72, obtained from an osteosarcoma of the knee of a 10-year-old boy. These cells grow in continuous culture, and karyotypic analysis has revealed clonal abnormalities in number and structure, especially loss of chromosome Y. These cells exhibit morphological, immuno-histochemical and molecular characteristics of the osteoblastic lineage. Using RT-PCR, we have shown that the CAL 72 cell line expresses high levels of mRNA coding for several cytokines, such as G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-1beta and IL-6. In view of this expression profile, the CAL 72 phenotype appears to be closer to normal primary osteoblasts than other reported osteosarcomas. Moreover, these cells express mRNA for both HGF and its receptor c-MET, suggesting that this autocrine loop might contribute to the invasiveness of the tumour from which CAL 72 originated.
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PMID:Establishment, characterisation and partial cytokine expression profile of a new human osteosarcoma cell line (CAL 72). 1038 64

Pain is one of the most severe and debilitating symptoms associated with several forms of cancer. Various types of carcinomas and sarcomas metastasize to skeletal bones and cause spontaneous bone pain and hyperalgesia, which is accompanied by bone degradation and remodeling of peripheral nerves. Despite recent advances, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and maintenance of cancer-evoked pain are not well understood. Several types of non-hematopoietic tumors secrete hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors that act on myeloid cells and tumor cells. Here we report that receptors and signaling mediators of granulocyte- and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF and GM-CSF) are also functionally expressed on sensory nerves. GM-CSF sensitized nerves to mechanical stimuli in vitro and in vivo, potentiated CGRP release and caused sprouting of sensory nerve endings in the skin. Interruption of G-CSF and GM-CSF signaling in vivo led to reduced tumor growth and nerve remodeling, and abrogated bone cancer pain. The key significance of GM-CSF signaling in sensory neurons was revealed by an attenuation of tumor-evoked pain following a sensory nerve-specific knockdown of GM-CSF receptors. These results show that G-CSF and GM-CSF are important in tumor-nerve interactions and suggest that their receptors on primary afferent nerve fibers constitute potential therapeutic targets in cancer pain.
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PMID:Hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors mediate tumor-nerve interactions and bone cancer pain. 1952 66