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Query: UMLS:C0279530 (bone cancer)
 1,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From the statistics dealing with cancer yielded in the Internal Medicine Department, Treichville Hospital, secundary bone cancer appears with a low percentage. The short expectation of life and the reluctance of African patients to report to the hospital must be considered to appreciate these data. Most often, at their admittance, cases show numerous and large metastasises. Bone tumors related to a primitive liver cancer are rare. More often, metastasises in prostate cancer may be observed. They are generally osteocondensing. Breast cancer is, for its frequency, ranking just after it. In one third of the cases, the origine has not been cleared out.
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PMID:[Secondary bone cancer in the Ivory Coast. Apropos of 40 cases]. 631 Mar 12

To test the hypothesis that a parent's job exposure to radiation affects his or her child's risk of cancer, the authors compared this exposure during the year before the child's birth for parents of children with and without cancer. Parents of children with cancer were no more likely to have worked in occupations, industries, or combined occupations and industries with potential ionizing radiation exposure. Bone cancer and Wilms' tumor occurred more frequently among children of fathers in all industries with moderate potential ionizing radiation exposure. Children with cancer more often had fathers who were aircraft mechanics (odds ratio (OR) = infinity, one-sided 95% lower limit = 1.5; P = 0.04). Although four of these six were military aircraft mechanics, only children whose fathers had military jobs with potential ionizing radiation exposure had an increased cancer risk (OR = 2.73; P = 0.01). Four cancer types occurred more often among children of fathers in specific radiation-related occupations: rhabdomyosarcoma among children whose fathers were petroleum industry foremen; retinoblastoma among children whose fathers were radio and television repairmen; central nervous system cancers and other lymphatic cancers among children of Air Force fathers. Because numbers of case fathers are small and confidence limits are broad, the associations identified by this study need to be confirmed in other studies. Better identification and gradation of occupational exposure to radiation would increase the sensitivity to detect associations.
Cancer 1984 Apr 15
PMID:Childhood cancer and occupational radiation exposure in parents. 632 Oct 12

The relative effectiveness of nine bone-seeking radionuclides with their progeny for the production of malignant skeletal tumors (mostly osteogenic sarcoma), principally by chronic alpha-particle irradiation, is examined with available data obtained from lifetime studies at three laboratories of pure-bred beagles exposed to graded dosages in controlled experiments. The lifetime tumor dose-rate/time-response relationships observed in beagles injected with 226Ra at the University of California at Davis, in which 123 cases of bone cancer (98% osteosarcoma) have been observed for dose rates between 0.05 and 20 rad/day, provide the basis for comparing the induction of bone cancer by the other radionuclides. All nine radionuclide studies were found to demonstrate with high precision (sigma g less than 1.2) a three-dimensional lognormal response relationship represented in two dimensions by the equation of the time to death from bone cancer t = KD-s, where t is the elapsed time to death, D is the average skeletal dose rate, K is a parameter characteristic of the radionuclide, risk level and exposure details, and S observed to be 0.29 (0.01 SE) and suggested to be exactly one-third for all the nine radionuclides. The results show the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for bone-cancer induction potency with respect to radiation exposure from 226Ra to be 3.0 for 228Ra , 6.4 for 241Am, 6.6 for 249Cf , 252Cf and 253Es , 9.0 for 239Pu, 10.7 for 228Th , and 15.5 for 238Pu. The observed RBE values are interpreted in terms of the relative exposure of sensitive cells of the skeleton since they all involve primarily alpha irradiation. Scaling to people is accomplished using a response ratio (RR) of 3.6 with respect to beagles.
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PMID:Comparison of the carcinogenicity of radium and bone-seeking actinides. 632 74

This longitudinal study examined the mortality and cancer experience of workers at the Gulf Oil refinery located in Port Arthur, Texas. The cohort was studied over a period of 41 years, from 1937 to 1978, and consisted of 16,880 employees, with an accumulation of 406,198 person-years; 4361 deaths were observed. Emphasis of this study was placed on the experience of the hourly and salaried male workers employed one day or more and those with a minimum of one year employment. The standardized mortality ratio analysis revealed generally favorable mortality experience of the refinery workers, including that of overall cancer. Statistically significant deficits in mortality were found for several cancer sites including bladder, liver, and esophageal cancer. Many of the increased cancer risks suggested in the literature were not confirmed in this study. Although bone cancer was found to be increased significantly, review of those death certificates raises questions as to the accuracy of the recording and coding of this cancer. Sample size of this study is capable of providing sufficient statistical power for the detection of a twofold increase in mortality risk for many cancers, if such risk exists.
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PMID:Long-term mortality study of oil refinery workers. I. Mortality of hourly and salaried workers. 663 80

Exposures in southwestern Utah to radioactive fallout (1951 through 1962) from atmospheric nuclear detonations at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) were followed by smaller exposures (1962 through 1979) from venting of underground nuclear detonations. The cancer incidence in a 1951 cohort (4, 125) of Mormon families in southwestern Utah near the NTS was compared with that of all Utah Mormons (1967 through 1975). There were 109 more cases of cancer than expected (288[observed]/179[expected]). Leukemia was most prominent early (1958 through 1966), with 19 cases, five times more than expected (3.6). The excess of leukemia persisted into the later period (1972 through 1980), with 12 cases observed, 3.4 expected. There was an increase in lymphoma. Excess cases of thyroid cancer appeared early and a notable excess appeared later (14/1.7). An excess of breast cancer was noted later (27/14). There were more cancers of the gastrointestinal tract than expected. There was an excess of melanoma (12/4.5), bone cancer (8/0.7), and brain tumors (9/3.9). A subgroup with history of acute fallout effects had a higher cancer incidence. That these cases can be associated with radiation exposures is supported by a comparison between groups of the ratio of cancers of more radiosensitive organs with all other types of cancer.
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PMID:Cancer incidence in an area of radioactive fallout downwind from the Nevada Test Site. 669 Jul 81

Bone Gla protein (BGP) was measured in the plasma by radioimmunoassay (RIA) during treatment of 59 patients with bone diseases including Paget's disease (N = 9), primary hyperparathyroidism (N = 25), chronic renal failure (N = 20), and cancer involving bone (N = 5). Plasma BGP was increased above normal in all patients. BGP decreased in the patients with Paget's disease following the acute and chronic administration of salmon calcitonin. Plasma BGP was higher in women then in men with primary hyperparathyroidism. Following parathyroidectomy, BGP decreased in both sexes but the decrease was significant in women only. Plasma BGP was increased in patients with renal osteodystrophy and did not change after hemodialysis. In the patients with bone cancer, plasma BGP decreased during treatment of the attendant hypercalcemia with salmon calcitonin. Although plasma BGP and serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) levels were generally correlated in these studies, there were examples of dissociation between the two. The measurement of plasma BGP appears to provide a specific index of bone metabolism that may in some circumstances be more sensitive than serum alkaline phosphatase measurement. However, further studies are necessary to establish the clinical value of plasma BGP measurement by RIA in the management of patients with bone diseases.
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PMID:Changes in plasma bone GLA protein during treatment of bone disease. 680 17

The life-time tumor dose-response relationships observed in beagles injected with 226Ra or fed 90Sr at the University of California, Davis, provide a basis for understanding the induction of bone cancer for these bone-seeking radionuclides and for scaling to people. In these studies 385 dogs were exposed to graded dosage levels of 90Sr and 243 dogs were exposed to graded dosage levels of 226Ra with a total of 159 unexposed controls. The results show different dose-response relationships for bone cancer for the two radionuclides based upon the gravimetric average dose rates and cumulative doses to bone. These relationships were found to be well represented by three-dimensional log-normal dose-response surfaces that yield risk as a function of average dose-rate and time after beginning of exposure. All dose-rates suggested a 100% risk at some later time post-exposure but the time required to reach a given level of risk was long for low dose rates so that there exists a practical threshold in that at lower dose rates individuals may die spontaneously from causes associated with natural aging prior to the expected appearance of radiogenic cancer. The risks to people at various 226Ra body burdens (average skeletal dose rates) are estimated based on the model.
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PMID:Lifetime bone cancer dose-response relationships in beagles and people from skeletal burdens of 226Ra and 90Sr. 686 10

Over a period of 4 years, 241 patients with advanced cancer were treated with mecaphane alone in 11 hospitals. Effective objective responses were obtained in 100 patients (41.4%). The response was most conspicuous in chronic granulocytic leukemia, with remission in 37 of 40 patients; in Hodgkin's disease and lymphosarcoma response rates were 60% and 47.3%, respectively. Mecaphane had an analgesic action in metastatic osteolytic bone cancer, and two patients with such metastases even attained recalcification of the osteolytic destructive lesions. The common toxic manifestations of mecaphane were leukopenia (33.6%), gastrointestinal upsets (28.2%), and thrombocytopenia (12.8%). It is concluded, therefore, that mecaphane could be a good antitumor agent in clinical use. It is less expensive and can be taken orally. Further trials of this drug are recommended.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1981
PMID:Clinical studies on the antitumor action of mecaphane. 730 33

The incidence of bone cancer, after a single i.p. injection of monomeric 239Pu citrate, is significantly higher in female than in male mice. To evaluate the role of the gonads in this sex-related difference, male and female C57BL/Do (albino) mice were castrated at 40 days of age. Fifty days later, they were given injections of 239Pu. After castration, the frequency of bone sarcomas in the two sexes was approximately equal. This resulted from an increased incidence in the castrated males and a decreased incidence in the ovariectomized females as compared to the intact plutonium-treated mice.
Cancer Res 1981 Mar
PMID:Incidence of plutonium-induced bone cancer in neutered mice. 745 84

Construction, one of the larger industries in the United States, employs 7.6 million workers, many in skilled trades occupations. Previously published data about potential worksite exposures and mortality of construction site workers are limited. We analyzed occupation and industry codes on death certificates from 19 U.S. states to evaluate mortality risks among men and women usually employed in construction occupations. Proportionate mortality ratios (PMRs) for cancer and several other chronic diseases were significantly elevated among 61,682 white male construction workers who died between 1984 and 1986. Men younger than age 65, who were probably still employed immediately prior to death, had significantly elevated PMRs for cancer, asbestos-related diseases, mental disorders, alcohol-related disease, digestive diseases, falls, poisonings, traumatic fatalities that are usually work-related, and homicides. Elevated PMRs for many of the same causes were observed to a lesser degree for black men and white women whose usual industry was construction. In addition, women experienced excess cancer of the connective tissue and suicide mortality. Various skilled construction trades had elevated PMRs for specific sites, such as bone cancer and melanoma in brickmasons, stomach cancer in roofers and brickmasons, kidney and bone cancer in concrete/terrazzo finishers, nasal cancer in plumbers, pulmonary tuberculosis in laborers, scrotal cancer and aplastic anemia in electricians, acute myeloid leukemia in boilermakers, rectal cancer and multiple sclerosis in electrical power installers, and lung cancer in structural metal workers. Using a standard population of blue collar workers did not result in fewer elevated PMRs for construction workers. Despite lifestyle differences and other limitations of the study, the large numbers of excess deaths observed in this study indicate the need for preventive action for construction workers.
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PMID:Assessment of mortality in the construction industry in the United States, 1984-1986. 757 75


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