Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0278883 (metastatic melanoma)
 6,224 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The analysis of fine-needle aspirates and effusions has proved to be a valuable tool for the cytological identification of metastatic melanoma. Nevertheless, while malignant pigmented cells can be easily detected on cytological specimens, their identification may be very difficult in patients bearing amelanotic lesions. In the present study we have evaluated whether this limitation can be overcome using two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) HMB45 and Ep1-3, which are highly specific for the melanocyte lineage. These reagents were assayed in immunocytochemical tests performed on cytological material obtained from 50 patients with a past history of melanoma and 463 bearing metastases from a cryptic primary tumour. These mAbs, employed in combination with a panel of monoclonal reagents with well-defined tumour specificity, may improve the accuracy of the conventional cytopathological diagnosis of melanoma metastases in the two groups of patients.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical diagnosis of amelanotic metastatic melanoma using monoclonal antibodies HMB-45 and Ep1-3. 803 19

Human melanoma antigens and their epitopes recognized by T cells have been identified using a variety of methods. These antigens are classified as 1) melanocyte specific melanosomal proteins (MART-1, gp100, tyrosinase and TRP-1), 2) proteins expressed in testis and a variety of cancers (MAGE-1, MAGE-3, BAGE and GAGE), 3) tumor specific mutated proteins (beta-catenin, MUM-1 and CDK4), and 4) others (p15). Some of the HLA-A2 binding non-mutated melanoma epitopes contained non-dominant anchor amino acids and have relatively low HLA-A2 binding affinity, suggesting that these epitopes were likely to be subdominant or cryptic self determinants. The significant correlation observed between vitiligo development and IL2 based immunotherapy suggested that autoreactive T cells specific for these self peptides were involved in melanoma regression in vivo. In addition, since adoptive transfer into patients of CTL recognizing these epitopes resulted in tumor regression, these epitopes may be tumor rejection antigens. Melanoma reactive CTL were efficiently induced from PBL of patients by in vitro stimulation with PBMC pulsed with these melanoma epitopes and may be useful in adoptive transfer protocols for the treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma. An immunization trial using the MART-1 and gp100 peptides in conjunction with incomplete Freund's adjuvant is in progress. These identified antigens may be useful for the development of new immunotherapies for the treatment of melanoma patients as well as for understanding the mechanisms of anti-tumor immune responses and autoimmune disorders against melanocytes.
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PMID:Human melanoma antigens recognized by T lymphocytes. 868 99