Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0278488 (metastatic breast cancer)
 7,812 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

91 women with metastatic breast cancer, who received prior CTX-5FU or CTX-5FU-PRD, were treated in 3 consecutive clinical trials with either CTX-5FU-PRD-MTX-VCR, MTX-VCR, or MTX-VCR-PRD in order to elucidate whether the effectiveness of 5 drugs was due only to the newly added drugs (MTX-VCR +/- PRD) or whether the previously used drugs (CTX-5FU) were necessary as potentiating agents. There were 17 or 39 responders (43%) in the 5-drug group, 3 of 25 (12%) in the MTX-VCR group and 3 of 27 (11%) in the MTX-VCR-PRD group. The survival in the group treated with 5 drugs was significantly longer. Our results show that CTX-5FU-PRD-MTX-VCR was significantly more effective than MTX-VCR or MTX-VCR-PRD used alone after the patient had already had CTX-5FU +/- PRD. Thus, the previously used drugs (CTX-5FU) seemed to improve the response to the new agents (MTX-VCR +/- PRD) by a potentiating action in the subsequent combination. It is concluded that the exploitation of this enhancing effect represents a significant improvement in the treatment options now available.
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PMID:Potentiating role of previously administered agents in the combination chemotherapy of breast cancer. 47 28

Mitoxantrone is similar to Adriblastin in its mechanism of action and antitumor activity. Objective remissions were obtained in 20-30% pretreated patients and in 23-44% of untreated patients by single-drug treatment of patients suffering from metastatic breast cancer. The objective response rates to Mitoxantrone in combination with CTX, 5-FU, MTX, VCR, MMC. Prednimustine or Vindesine were 16-46% in treatment and 38-89% in primary treatment. Randomized studies comparing Mitoxantrone with Adriblastin in single-drug and combination treatment did not show any significant differences in efficacy. However, Mitoxantrone was significantly less toxic. Remission rates of between 24 and 54% were achieved by single-drug treatment in pretreated patients suffering from non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Mitoxantrone appears to be active in ovarian cancer, lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:Mitoxantrone: mechanism of action, antitumor activity, pharmacokinetics, efficacy in the treatment of solid tumors and lymphomas, and toxicity. 332 53

The aim of these experimental and clinical studies was to determine if verapamil helps overcome multidrug resistance in tumor cells and in cancer patients. The effect of the calcium channel blocker verapamil on the antiproliferative activity of epirubicin (Farmorubicin, Farmitalia) was followed up in in vitro studies on two constant human leukemia cell lines: CEM/O (P-gp negative) and CEM/VCR 1000 with a positive multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotype. The MTT assay was used to study the antiproliferative activity. Verapamil in concentrations of 3 and 10 micrograms/ml enhanced by 10-fold and 19-fold, respectively, the effect of epirubicin in CEM/VCR 1000 cells and had no significant effect on epirubicin activity in CEM/O. Eleven patients with measurable stage IV breast cancer, clinically resistant to anthracycline treatment, received the FEC combination (5-fluorouracil-epirubicin-cyclophosphamide) twice with verapamil pretreatment, p.o. at the doses of 1280-2560 mg. There were two complete remissions (soft tissue metastases), four partial remissions (soft tissue metastases and lung metastases), and three stable diseases. These studies confirm the possibilities of overcoming multidrug resistance by the administration of verapamil in tumor cells and in cancer patients.
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PMID:Does verapamil help overcome multidrug resistance in tumor cell lines and cancer patients? 887 36