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Query: UMLS:C0278134 (anesthesia)
 110,339 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Out of 4676 women administered abortions between 1965-1969, 20 (.42%) were performed for medical indications related to heart defects. Pregnancy was terminated between the 6th-12th week. Therapeutic abortion itself can be hazardous to the health in these cases due to the state of the circulatory system. The most frequent defect indicating the need for abortion was vascular constriction or hemodynamic disturbances. Emphasis was placed on exercising great caution in the use of anesthesia for the operation: it is necessary to administer the proper dosages of gas (which is the recommended method) in order to avoid provoking any cardiac disturbances.
Ginekol Pol 1971
PMID:[Artificial abortion in women with heart defects]. 555 50

Short-lasting hypothermia during thiobutabarbital general anaesthesia causes no decrease of the absolute ATP level in the blood and liver of rats. The adenylate energy charge in the tissues is relatively high - 0.86 in the liver and 0.85 in the muscles, which might be an evidence of a significant "energy sparing" during moderate hypothermia (26 +/- 1 degree C). Somatostatin in a dose of 20 micrograms/kg of body weight given to the rats during hypothermia decreased the ATP level, the ATP/ADP ratio and the adenylate energy charge in the studied tissues, especially in the liver, evidencing increased intensity of catabolic processes caused by the inhibitory action of somatostatin on the release of insulin and glucagon, among other hormones, and on the change of the insulin/glucagon ratio.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Somatostatin effect on the level of adenyl nucleotides in the blood and tissues of rats during short-lasting hypothermia. 614 95

The reported experiments were carried out on male Wistar rats. Under general anaesthesia with chloral hydrate in situ physiological preparations were made consisting of sciatic nerve and anterior tibialis muscle. Physostigmine was injected subcutaneously and was followed after from 15 to 60 minutes by intravenous injection of DDVP or phospholine. Physostigmine effect on the blockade of tetanic muscular contractions was studied after administration of these organophosphate inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase. At the same time, the effect of these substances on acetylcholinesterase was determined in the skeletal muscle. It was found that physostigmine in a dose of 125 microgram/kg protected the tibialis muscle against the development of blockade of tetanic response. The protective effect was greatest when the time between physostogmine injection and the subsequent administration of these organophosphate inhibitors was 30--40 minutes. In the same observation period the activity of AChE in the tibialis muscle of rats was found to be highest after physostigmine injection before administration of DDVP or phospholine.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Effect of preceding physostigmine administration on neuromuscular transmission disturbances in rats caused by dichlorphos and phospholine. 625 49

Experimental rabbits were exposed to ultraviolet radiation once for 45 minutes, and blood samples were obtained from the carotid artery in these animals 45 min and 3, 6 and 24 hours after the end of this exposure. In the group of control rabbits blood samples were obtained in the same way without previous exposure to radiation. The hairs on the back were cut closely at the skin and this skin area was exposed to ultraviolet rays from a Hanau Q 400 burner at 405--289 nm wavelengths and at an intensity of 134 000 erg/sec/cm2, using an UG 2 T Schott filtre and an absorber of long-wave radiation. Blood samples were taken under thiopental anaesthesia. In the samples the level of free kinins was determined in the blood, and the level of kininogen and the activity of kallikreins and kininases were determined in the plasma. In the irradiated animals a rise of the kinin level was observed, with a fall in the kininogen level most pronounced after 3 hours, while the activity of kallikreins was raised and that of kininases was decreased particularly after 6 hours.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:The level of blood kinins, their creation and inactivation after one exposure to intense ultraviolet radiation in rabbits. 627 47

Experimental rabbits were exposed to ultraviolet radiation during 6 weeks once daily for 10 minutes (from a high-pressure. Hanau Q 400 mercury lamp with a Schott UG 2 T filtre and absorber of long-wave radiation using ultraviolet rays of 405--289 nm wavelength and 134 000 erg/sec/cm2 power, directed onto skin with cropped hair of the back). Under general anaesthesia with pentothal blood samples were obtained from the carotid artery in 4 groups of 8 rabbits in each group. The blood samples were taken from non-exposed control rabbits and from the experimental groups after 2, 4 and 6 weeks of exposure. In the samples the levels of free kinins in the blood, and kininogen, and the activity of kallikreins and kininases in the plasma were determined. In the irradiated animals a progressive rise of free kinins most pronounced after 6 weeks was observed, and other findings included: a fall of kininogen level particularly steep after 2 weeks, very small rise in the activity of kallikreins, and progressing reduction of the activity of kininase, particularly steep after 2 weeks.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Effect of long-term exposure of rabbits to ultraviolet radiation on the level, creation and inactivation of kinins in blood. 627 48

Short-lasting hypothermia raises the FFA level in the blood and this rise is associated with increased lipid-mobilizing activity and higher lipolytic activity of the serum. Raised FFA level and increased lipid-mobilizing activity of the serum persist even when the degree of general anaesthesia is sufficient for preventing thermogenesis signs (shivering and piloerection) caused by falling body temperature. Beta-adrenergic blockade fails to abolish the effect of lipolysis activation caused by hypothermia. These observations suggest that during hypothermia in the blood of the animals appear factors stimulating lipolysis in the adipose tissue. One of these factors may stimulate tissue lipolysis independently of beta-adrenergic receptors. Insulin blocks significantly lipolytic processes in the adipose tissue of hypothermic animals, but its administration is connected with the danger of hypoglycaemia development.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Effect of hypothermia on lipolytic processes in blood and adipose tissue of rat. 637 60

The effect of experimental hypothermia on changes of the electrophysiological equivalent of minute ventilation (Veq) was studied in rabbits under urethane-chloralose general anaesthesia with muscle relaxation and artificial ventilation. The animals were subjected to bilateral vagotomy prior to the experiment. During normothermia (37.5 +/- 0.7 degree C) and hypothermia (29.9 +/- 1.7 degrees C) the animals were given for breathing a hypercapnic mixture of gases (CO2 5% with O2 95%) and asphyxia was produced by switching off the respirator. The arterial blood pressure, blood flow in the common carotid artery, end-expiratory CO2 concentration, "integrated" phernic nerve activity and brain-stem temperature were recorded. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide and oxygen, hydrogen ion concentration and arterial acid-base balance were determined with correction for temperature changes. The equivalent of minute ventilation (being the product of the frequency and amplitude of "integrated" phrenic nerve activity) decreased in hypothermia by 91%, with a simultaneous fall of PaCO2 from 33,48 +/- 3.84 mmHg to 23.40 +/- 3.59 mmHg (by 30%). The hypercapnic stimulus applied during hypothermia produced a fivefold lower Veq value than in normothermia and under control conditions (despite a similar value of PaCO2 of 28.89 +/- 3.12 mmHg). The Veq value approaching that found under normal conditions in normothermia was observed during hypothermia only when asphyxia was induced when the value of PaCO2 was 37.07 +/- 8.74 mm Hg and that of PaO2 was 37.41 +/- 29.11 mmHg. During hypothermia the blood flow in the common carotid artery decreased by 16% when the animals were breathing the hypercapnic mixture. The analysis of the obtained results showed a direct effect of temperature on respiratory activity generation and regulation of arterial blood flow to the brain. It may be supposed also that hypothermia raises the response threshold to CO2 level in the breathed air.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Minute ventilation changes in rabbits during experimental hypothermia. 642 Oct 87

It was tried in this study to determine the effects of temperature and carbon dioxide on the respiratory drive under experimental hypothermia in rabbits under urethane-chloralose anaesthesia after muscle-relaxant administration, after bilateral vagotomy and during artificial ventilation with a biologically-controlled respirator. Hypercapnia was produced in the animals during normothermia (37.3 +/- 0.7 degrees C) and hypothermia (30.0 +/- 1.5 degrees C). The basic physiological parameters and efferent activity of the phrenic nerve were recorded, and arterial blood gasometric parameters were determined. The electrophysiological equivalent of minute ventilation (Veq) decreased during hypothermia by 33% on the average while the PaCO2 value was unchanged. The hypercapnic stimulus applied during hypothermia failed also to raise the Veq value to its initial level. A 9% fall of blood flow was observed in the common carotid artery when the animals received a hypercapnic gas mixture for breathing during hypothermia. The results obtained in this study and earlier observations confirm unequivocally the hypothesis of a direct influence of temperature lowering on respiratory rhythm generation and regulation of arterial blood flow to the brain.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Effect of lowered temperature on respiratory rhythm generation in rabbit. 642 Oct 88

The relative effect of the temperature on respiratory rhythm generation was studied in muscle-relaxed, artificially ventilated and bilaterally vagotomized rabbits under general anaesthesia (urethane and chloralose). Hypercapnia was produced during normothermia (38.8 +/- 0.6 degrees C) and hyperthermia (40.5 +/- 0.3 degrees C). The basic physiological parameters, efferent phrenic nerve activity and gasometric determinations in arterial blood were recorded. In the animals ventilated with a classic respirator hyperthermia produced a 118% increase of Veq value with a simultaneous 28% rise of the partial pressure of CO2. An increase of the stroke volume of the respirator during hyperthermia (in a degree sufficient for achieving PaCO2 value equal to the control value during normothermia) produced a 2% fall of Veq value due to an 8% fall in amplitude of the respiratory movements without changes of respiratory rate. Breathing in of a hypercapnic mixture caused a 131% rise of Veq above the control value in normothermia. This rise was due both to the increased respiratory rate and respiratory amplitude. During ventilation by means of a respirator controlled by phrenic nerve activity hyperthermia increased the electrophysiological equivalent of minute ventilation by 34%, with a 109% rise in the respiratory rate and with no change in PaCO2. Breathing of a hypercapnic mixture increased Veq without inducing any statistically significant changes in the respiratory rate and amplitude. The analysis of the results suggests that the effect of raised temperature on respiratory rhythm generation is manifested mainly as an impairment of the respiratory amplitude. Maintaining of minute ventilation proportional to the magnitude of respiratory drive is decisive in this phenomenon.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Changes of minute ventilation in rabbits in experimental hyperthermia. 644 72

The relative effects of temperature and CO2 on the blood flow in the common carotid artery (CCBF) were investigated in vagotomized, paralyzed rabbits under urethane-chloralose general anaesthesia with artificial ventilation. During hypothermia a 52% fall of CCBF was observed in rabbits ventilated by the classic method. Administration of a hyperkapnic mixture for breathing caused a further 16% CCBF fall, with a simultaneous rise in PaCO2 by 23%. During ventilation with a respirator triggered by phrenic nerve activity hypothermia caused a 30% CCBF fall without changes in PaCO2 value. Administration of the hyperkapnic mixture for breathing caused, in these circumstances, a 9% CCBF fall with a 7% PaCO2 increase. Hyperthermia caused during ventilation by the classic method a 42% rise in CCBF and a 22% PaCO2 rise. The hyperkapnic mixture given for breathing decreased the CCBF by 9% and increased the PaCO2 by 15%. On the other hand, during ventilation with the respirator triggered by phrenic nerve activity no changes were observed in these parameters. This suggests that the thermic stimulus exerts a direct effect on the regulation of the blood flow to the brain, and during hypothermia it prevails over the stimulus produced by CO2.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:"Paradoxical" effect of carbon dioxide on common carotid artery blood flow in rabbits during hypothermia and hyperthermia. 644 50


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