Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0278134 (anesthesia)
 110,339 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eating disorders are very common today. An increasing number of patients that undergo anesthesia and surgery have some nutritional disorder. These disorders are very versatile starting from obesity to anorexia. Significant changes in all organ systems are present. These pathophysiological changes are increased with the duration of the disease. There are many changes in the functioning of the cardiovascular system in all these diseases and there are significant. Respiratory and ventilatory functions are changed too. There are also many endocrine disorders. As a final result, there are many serious biochemical and coagulation disorders. These patients are often under some drug treatment. Patients could be under psychiatric therapy (psychiatric drugs) and/or could take drugs for relieving symptoms related to the pathophysiological changes in different organ systems. Preoperative preparation of patients must be detailed. All changes must be improved to optimal condition. In addition, it is necessary to think about the possible influence of used drugs on the anesthesia.
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PMID:Preoperative preparation for patients with nutritional disorders. 2187 67

An 11-year-old, female, spayed caracal (Caracal caracal) presented with a 3-month history of intermittent anorexia, vomiting, and weight loss. At examination, bilateral anterior uveitis with anisocoria was present. Further examination under general anesthesia revealed the anterior chamber of the right eye contained copious amounts of thick fibrin, hypopyon, and hyphema obscuring the ventral pupil margin and ventral iris. Aqueous paracentesis revealed a cytologic diagnosis of large granular lymphoma. Additional antemortem diagnostics (computed tomography, ultrasound with fine needle aspiration, and cytology) confirmed the diagnosis of multicentric large granular lymphoma with associated intestinal perforation. Necropsy and histopathology confirmed multicentric large granular lymphoma in the right eye, jejunum, mesenteric lymph nodes, and right kidney. Large granular lymphoma in nondomestic felids is likely rare since it has not been previously reported, but should be considered as a differential in any felid species with anterior uveitis or when lymphoma is considered. In the case of this caracal, the use of aqueous paracentesis with cytology was a powerful diagnostic.
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PMID:Anterior uveitis as an atypical presentation of large granular lymphoma in a caracal (Caracal caracal). 2192 12

Artesunate, an artemissin derivative is a highly efficacious and relatively safe antimalarial agent. Common adverse reactions to artemissin derivatives are nausea, vomiting, anorexia and dizziness. More serious but less-frequent toxic effects of artesunate use are neutropenia, anemia, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and severe allergic reactions. However, anaphylactic reaction to artesunate is a rare entity. Here, we report a case of anaphylaxis to parenteral artesunate and its successful management in a female patient to whom intravenous artesunate was administered during surgery under general anesthesia.
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PMID:Anaphylaxis to artesunate? 2255 37

A 2-yr-old male intact alpaca (Vicugna pacos) was admitted for a 4-day history of anorexia and colic. Five months prior, the alpaca had undergone surgical removal of a duodenal trichophytobezoar and had recovered uneventfully. The alpaca died under anesthesia, and diaphragmatic herniation of the third gastric compartment (C3) was diagnosed at necropsy. A defect was identified in the left dorsal hemidiaphragm accompanied by herniation of 80% of C3 and the aboral portion of the second gastric compartment into the pericardial sac. The smooth margins and dorsal location of the diaphragmatic defect suggested a congenital origin. Diaphragmatic herniation is uncommon in camelids, and only one other case has been reported. Due to the dorsal location of the diaphragmatic defect in this animal, positioning during the previous surgery may have initiated a partial entrapment of gastric compartments, leading to a more complete incarceration between when the animal was discharged and presented again.
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PMID:Diaphragmatic hernia in a two-year-old alpaca (Vicugna pacos). 2295 Mar 29

A 6-yr-old male Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris) with no significant past clinical history was anesthetized for clinical examination after 5 days of lethargy. Clinically, the animal presented with anorexia, pale mucous membranes, and icterus. Hematologic results indicated moderate anemia and severe thrombocytopenia and showed a circulating population of atypical mast cells. The tiger died during anesthesia. On postmortem examination, abdominal hemorrhage associated with marked diffuse hepato-splenomegaly and mesenteric, hepatic, and splenic lymph node hypertrophy were observed. A visceral mast cell tumor was confirmed by histologic examination and toluidine blue staining, with splenic, hepatic, lymphoid, renal, and pulmonary infiltration. Hematologic, postmortem, and histologic findings were consistent with mastocytemia associated with the splenic form of mast cell tumor described in domestic cats.
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PMID:Mastocytemia associated with a visceral mast cell tumor in a Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris). 2350 26

A 40-yr-old male captive chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) presented with depression and anorexia for 7 days. The tentative diagnosis, following a physical examination under anesthesia, was pneumonia with sepsis. Despite antibiotic treatment and supportive care the chimpanzee died a week following presentation. Gross pathology confirmed severe purulent pneumonia and diffuse hepatosplenic abscesses. Detected in serum at the time of the initial examination, the melioidosis serum antibody titer was elevated (> 1:512). Soil samples were collected from three sites in the exhibit at three depths of 5, 15, and 30 cm. By direct and enrichment culture, positive cultures for Burkholderia pseudomallei were found at 5 and 15 cm in one site. The other two sites were positive by enrichment culture at the depth of 5 cm. To prevent disease in the remaining seven troop members, they were relocated to permit a soil treatment with calcium oxide. The exhibit remained empty for approximately 1 yr before the chimpanzees were returned. During that period, the soil in the exhibit area was again cultured as before and all samples were negative for B. pseudomallei. Following the soil treatment in the exhibit, all chimpanzees have remained free of clinical signs consistent with melioidosis.
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PMID:Environmental management procedures following fatal melioidosis in a captive chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). 2380 70

We present a case of laparoscopic transumbilical single incision appendectomy. A 17-year-old patient with an insidious onset of symptoms 4 months ago by diffuse abdominal pain that later was localized in the right iliac fossa accompanied by loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting. Following clinical examination and abdominal ultrasound, she was diagnosed with chronic appendicitis and surgical treatment was recommended. Pneumoperitoneum was performed under general anesthesia. Three trocars of 5 mm diameter were inserted through a single umbilical incision of 10 mm length into the peritoneal cavity. The exploration has revealed a swollen appendix. After transsection of the mesoappendix with LigaSure forceps, two Roeder knots were placed at on the base of the appendix. Intervention duration was 60 minutes. Postoperative course was favorable. Patient assessment within 2 months after discharge showed disappearance of symptoms and the postoperative scar hidden in the umbilical scar.
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PMID:E-NOTES transumbilical laparoscopic appendectomy. 2395 5

An 88-year-old woman suffering from femoral neck fracture was transported to the emergency room of a hospital. The patient and her family refused transfusion, despite anemia, stating their affiliation with Jehova's Witnesses. Surgery was performed under general anesthesia, and the following day, anemia (hemoglobin, 7.5 g x dl(-1)) and hypoalbuminemia (albumin, 2.7 g x dl(-1)) were observed, in addition to anorexia and general fatigue. The patient underwent nutritional treatment with a kampo medicine (Juzen-taiho-to), which was administered as a medication due to difficulties with swallowing the powdered form. On the 18th day after admission, anemia (hemoglobin, 8.9 g x dl(-1)) and hypoalbuminemia (3.6 g x dl(-1)) improved, as did anorexia and general fatigue. It is thought that the components Shimotsu-to, a component known to improve anemia, and Shikunshi-to, a vital energy supplementing component, were the main ingredients that conferred the improvements in anemia and hypoalbuminemia. These findings suggest that Chinese herbal medicine for the nutritional treatment of the elderly has minimal side effects.
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PMID:[Successful use of "juzen-taiho-to", a kampo medicine, for the treatment of perioperative anemia and hypoalbuminemia]. 2519 35

A 2 yr old castrated male Pomeranian was evaluated for a 6 wk history of chronic vomiting, intermittent anorexia, and lethargy. Physical examination revealed a palpable, nonpainful, soft-tissue mass in the midabdominal area. Abdominal radiographs and ultrasound revealed a focal, eccentric thickening of the jejunal wall with associated jejunal mural foreign body and partial mechanical obstruction. Following diagnosis of a partial intestinal obstruction as the cause of chronic vomiting, the patient underwent general anesthesia for a laparoscopic-assisted, midjejunal resection and anastomosis using a single-incision laparoscopic surgery port. The patient was discharged the day after surgery, and clinical signs abated according to information obtained during a telephone interview conducted 2 and 8 wk postoperatively. The dog described in this report is a unique case of partial intestinal obstruction treated by laparoscopic-assisted resection and anastomosis using a single-incision laparoscopic surgery port.
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PMID:Single-incision, laparoscopic-assisted jejunal resection and anastomosis following a gunshot wound. 2595 39

A 13-yr-old male cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) presented for an acute history of lateral recumbency and anorexia. Upon physical examination under general anesthesia, severe icterus was noted. A serum biochemical profile confirmed markedly elevated total bilirubin and alanine transaminase. Based on ultrasound-guided liver aspirates and cytology, a presumptive diagnosis of large granular lymphocyte hepatic lymphoma was reached. Abdominal and thoracic radiographs did not assist in reaching an antemortem diagnosis. Postmortem examination and histopathology provided a definitive diagnosis of hepatic lymphoma with acute massive hepatocelluar necrosis and hemorrhage, as well as concurrent lesions of gastric ulcers, ulcerative and sclerosing enteritis, myocardial hypertrophy, and splenic myelolipomas. Immunohistochemistry of the liver yielded CD-3 positive and CD-20 negative results, confirming lymphocytes of a T-cell lineage. Due to concern for possible retrovirus-associated disease, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus were performed retrospectively on a banked serum sample and yielded negative results, thus diminishing concern for the male conspecific housed in the same exhibit.
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PMID:SOLITARY T-CELL HEPATIC LYMPHOMA WITH LARGE GRANULAR LYMPHOCYTE MORPHOLOGY IN A CAPTIVE CHEETAH (ACINONYX JUBATUS). 2605 4


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