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Query: UMLS:C0278134 (anesthesia)
 110,339 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventy-four patients aged 14 months to 71 years, classified as ASA I and II were anesthetised with Ethrane for surgical interventions of mean duration 117 minutes. With the exception of 5 patients who were directly anesthetised with Ethrane, the others received Ethrane after induction with Penthiobarbitone. Maintenance of anesthesia was ensured with 1 to 4p. 100 concentrations of Ethrane and 33p. 100 oxygen and 66p. 100 nitrous oxide. Tracheal intubation was facilitated by injection of 1 mg/kg of succinylcholine. Induction with enflurane is rapid with no phenomena of excitation or irritation of the ear passages. The cardiovascular apparatus is stable with no arrythmia but an increase in heart rate of 11 to 50p. 100 is noted and in 41p. 100 of the cases hypotension of 35p. 100 of the intitial value. During spontaneous ventilation, a type of rapid and superficial respiration is observed with a flow volume of 5.3 ml/kg for an average frequency of 25/min. The arterial blood gases show slight hypercapnia. Myorelaxation is significant and better than that obtained with halothane. Coming round poses few problems apart from agitation in adolescents. Response to simple orders appears at 13 minutes. Trembling and rigidity occur in 41p. 100 of the cases for 5 to 30 minutes. From the hepatic point of view, no lastin enzyme changes were noted and no renal toxicity was demonstrated. Ethrane appears to be a good anesthetic agent but the few advantages mentioned means that it does not fulfil ideal conditions.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of the new anesthetic "Ethrane"]. 0 15

Seventy-seven ASA Class I patients were studied to compare the cardiac dysrhythmias occurring during outpatient office general anesthesia for oral surgery to dysrhythmias occurring during outpatient medical and surgical office procedures without general anesthesia and to dysrhythmias occurring in inpatients having minor operating room procedures under general anesthesia. Eighty-eight percent of the operating room group, 81% of the oral surgery group, and 45% of the non-general-anesthetic group had some form of dysrhythmia. There was a statistically significant difference between the numbers of dysrhythmias that occurred in the general anesthetic groups and the non-general-anesthetic group. None of the dysrhythmias documented was of the potentially fatal or extremely serious category.
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PMID:Cardiac dysrhythmias during outpatient general anesthesia--a comparison study. 26 29

Observations during 935 anesthesias for implantation or revision of permanent pacemakers are presented. Using different methods of anesthesia we found the light halothane anesthesia introduced by inhalation to be best, provided that only atropine was used for premedication. Applying this method we saw asystolies or ventricular fibrillation in 3% of all cases--3 patients (i.e. 0.4%) died in tabula. Tachycardia (2.4%) occuring mostly during the introduction period were successfully treated by verapamil or practolol. Hypotension (5.4%) mostly took place in the course of anesthesia after implantation of the pacemaker. This depression may be due to a normalisation of the enhanced stroke volume whedication with pethidine or induction with propanidid was followed by comparatively more complications such as exitus letalis (2% resp. 1.5%), cardiac arrest (6.5% resp. 9%) and hypotension (24% resp. 10.5%). Regional anesthesia did not bring specific advantages. The good experiences with soft halothane anesthesia for implantations or revisions of pacemakers include 125 high risk patients (ASA classification IV to VII).
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PMID:[Anesthesia in pacemaker implantation. Experiences in 935 cases of anesthesia for the implantation or revision of a cardiac pacemaker]. 86 62

During a 1-year period, 7620 elective surgical admissions were given multiple laboratory screening (SMA-18) determinations. Of these, 11 healthy patients, aged 10 to 54, with a pretest classification of ASA 1 (no systemic disease) were found to have clearly abnormal elevations of the SGOT, SGPT, and LDH levels. The proposed elective surgical procedures and anesthesia were canceled. All 11 patients proved to have overt liver pathology by further testing, and 3 later became clinically jaundiced. No cases of unexplained postsurgical jaundice occurred in any of the other 7609 operated cases during the 1-year study. The incidence of clearly elevated enzyme levels in voluntary hospital surgical admissions is approximately 1/700 and the incidence of clinical jaundice is approximately 1/2540. There appears to be a seasonal variation, with the preponderance of elevated enzyme levels in the winter and spring months.
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PMID:Unexpected hepatic dysfunction found by multiple laboratory screening. 103 97

The current status of obstetric anesthesia training in the United States is reviewed. The 39 anesthesia residency training programs having full time chiefs of obstetric anesthesia were surveyed regarding clinical practice, physical facilities, teaching and research. This paper reports the results and compares them to recommendations of JCAH, ACOG and ASA, concerning standards of patient care and resident teaching.
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PMID:Obstetric anesthesia training centers in the U.S.A.--1975. 103 3

Isoflurane or halothane was administered at two different inspired concentrations to 21 surgical patients whose average age was 62 years. Most were in physical status (ASA) II or III. Patients were premedicated with diazepam and atropine, anesthesia was induced with thiopental, and tracheal intubation was facilitated with succinylcholine. Respiration was controlled manually or with a ventilator. Anesthesia was maintained with 60 percent N2O and halothane 1 percent, then 0.5 percent, or with N2O-isoflurane 1.2 percent, then 0.6 percent in O2. Variations in the cardiovascular responses among patients given the same anesthetic were as great as the variation in responses between anesthetics. Both produced similar decreases in arterial pressure, cardiac output, and stroke volume. Changes in pulse rate were minimal, and total peripheral resistance changes quite variable, for both drugs. Both halothane and isoflurane appear satisfactory for inhalation anesthesia in the elderly.
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PMID:Cardiovascular effects of isoflurane and halothane during controlled ventilation in older patients. 123 3

The preliminary results of a multicenter study designed to determine the utility of the processed EEG in combination with heart rate and blood pressure for estimating anesthetic depth are reported. The study is planned to include 1,000 ASA I, II, and III patients undergoing surgery with at least a 60-minute duration of anesthesia. The preliminary results indicate that the use of EEG and clinical signs may provide better control of anesthetic depth. The study design provides ideal conditions for determining whether spectral edge frequency is a useful criterion for management of routine general anesthesia in a typical clinical environment.
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PMID:Protocol for studying depth of anesthesia using the spectral edge frequency. 129 89

The present study was designed to compare the hemodynamic changes of epidural bupivacaine (EB) with epidural sufentanil (ES), supplemented by general anesthesia, in patients scheduled for abdominal aorto-iliac surgery. Twenty-eight ASA Grade 2 patients randomly received bupivacaine 0.5%, 1-1.5 mg kg-1 (n = 14) or sufentanil 150 micrograms (n = 14) epidurally at T12-L1, combined with light general anesthesia. Hemodynamics were measured before (T1) and after (T2) injection of EB or ES, after induction of general anesthesia (T3), and during the aortic dissection period (T4). EB or ES injection both produced a significant decrease in systolic, mean and diastolic blood pressure, left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) and coronary perfusion pressure (CPP). The induction of general anesthesia caused a significant fall in heart rate (HR) and cardiac index (CI) in the ES group. Abdominal dissection restored systemic pressure and cardiac index in the ES group. It was concluded that both ES and EB provided adequate analgesia and hemodynamics during tracheal intubation and abdominal dissection for aorto-iliac surgery.
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PMID:Epidural bupivacaine versus epidural sufentanil anesthesia: hemodynamic differences during induction of anesthesia and abdominal dissection in aortic surgery. 130 Aug 56

This prospective study was conducted to determine the sedative effects of IV ketamine and fentanyl on vital signs and behavior. Twenty-seven children, classified as ASA I, with a mean age of 34 months, were studied. The dosages of IV ketamine and fentanyl given were 0.5 mg/kg and 0.5 mcg/kg, respectively, approximately every 15-20 min. The pulse rate averaged 125 throughout the case. Blood pressure averaged 112/64. The respiration rate averaged 22 breaths per min. Mean behavior composite scores were 1.9 at the initial examination and 3.3 during treatment. One child vomited during treatment. Post-treatment complications were discomfort in 19% (5), nausea in 22% (6), and vomiting in 15% (4) of the patients. We concluded that IV sedation of precooperative healthy pediatric patients with ketamine, fentanyl, and nitrous oxide/oxygen appears to be a safe and effective sedation modality with minimal side effects when administered and monitored by a qualified anesthetist, offering the practitioner an alternative to general anesthesia.
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PMID:IV sedation in pediatric dentistry: an alternative to general anesthesia. 130 25

So as to determine the effects of some factors on the duration of bupivacaine spinal anaesthesia, a prospective controlled study was carried out on 152 ASA I or II patients. They were randomly allocated to six groups. The patients of group I were given 4 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine at 27 degrees C. The patients of group II were given 4 ml of a mixture including 3 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine, 1 ml fentanyl in 1 ml of 10% dextrose solution. The group III was given 4 ml of a mixture including 3 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine, 0.20 mg adrenaline. The group IV was given 4 ml of a mixture including 3 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine, 0.15 mg clonidine. The patients of group V were given 4 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine at 20 degrees C and those of group VI were given 4 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine at 5 degrees C. There is significant difference between regression times of sensory analgesia of group II and group I, group IV and group III, group VI and group V. The choice of product to lengthen analgesia in spinal anaesthesia depends on the use of each anaesthesist, the characteristic of patients and the duration of surgery.
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PMID:[Factors changing the length of analgesia in spinal anesthesia]. 134 Nov 33


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