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Query: UMLS:C0278080 (physical dependence)
 1,658 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Influence of morphine on the fine structure of mitochondria in the cells of zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex in mice in which a morphine pellet was subcutaneously implanted was studied using electron microscope. (1) Transformation of the mitochondrial structure, i.e. swelling, formation of lamellar or concentric circular cristae and decrease of electron density of the mitochondrial matrix, was observed 12 hr after implantation, and changes reached a maximum state at 48 hr. These transformations, however, disappeared wihtin 4 days. (2) On the 4th day after implantation, removal the pellet again produced transformation of the mitochondria with withdrawal symptoms, and a normal state was reverted to 72 hr later. Levallorphan challenge produced similar changes. (3) Injection of morphine into mice after removal of the pellet prevented the appearance of mitochondrial transformation. From the results obtained it may be concluded that there are correlations between the transformation of the mitochondria and physical dependence on morphine in mice.
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PMID:[Studies on the physical dependence liability of analgesics. 5th report: Electron microscopic studies on the ultrastructural transformation of mitochondria in the cells of zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex in morphine pellet implanted mice (author's transl)]. 56 4

To produce physical dependence on morphine, phenobarbital and diazepam in rats, these drugs were mixed with powder form of rat food in concentrations of 0.5 mg/g, 1 mg/g and 2 mg/g of food. One group of rats (the lower dose group) was continuously exposed for 1 week to two morphine-admixed foods with morphine to food ratios of 0.5 mg/g and 1 mg/g in a cage. The other group (the higher dose group) could choose between two morphine-admixed foods with morphine to food ratios of 1 mg/g and 2 mg/g. After 1 week, morphine-admixed foods were replaced with morphine free food for 2 days. Both groups of rats showed greatly reduced body weight and food intake after the first 24-48 hr withdrawal. The body weight decrease was greater for rats in the higher dose group. Control groups of morphine dependent rats were kept on the morphine added food diets and showed the same body weight increase as well as normal control rats during the course of these experiments. Physical dependence on phenobarbital and diazepam was produced using the same dosage schedules as with morphine. Both the lower and higher dose groups showed significant decrease in body weight due to withdrawal after 1 week of drug-food exposure. Levallorphan (0.5, 1, 3 and 5 mg/kg, s.c.) administered to morphine dependent rats had dose-dependent effects on the intensity of abstinence symptoms (e.g., diarrhea, piloerection and wet shakes phenomena), maximal decrease in body weight and duration of decreased body weight. Cross-physical dependence between phenobarbital and diazepam was demonstrated by this method.
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PMID:Physical dependence on morphine, phenobarbital and diazepam in rats by drug-admixed food ingestion. 123 8