Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0278080 (physical dependence)
 1,658 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum anterior pituitary hormone levels of genetically selected AA and ANA rats of Wistar origin as well as those of experimentally selected heavy drinkers (HD) and light drinkers (LD) among normal Wistar rats were studied. AA and HD rats consumed high doses while ANA and LD rats preferred low doses of ethanol. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin and growth hormone (GH) concentrations were measured by specific radio-immuno-assays before chronic ethanol administration, during physical dependence and on subsequent withdrawal. Basal TSH levels and TSH responses to cold were as a rule decreased in the course of ethanol intake and abstinence, whereas the TRH-induced TSH elevation became more consistent than before ethanol. There was no difference in basal prolactin levels between ethanol preferring and non-preferring rats at abstinence, whereas 30 min cold-exposure seemed to decrease them in HD and LD rats. The high prolactin levels before ethanol and during physical dependence appear to be caused by stress factors involved in the blood collecting procedure. GH levels were not significantly different in ANA, AA, LD and HD rats and neither ethanol intake nor subsequent withdrawal consistently modified GH levels. It is concluded that the observed minor alterations in the levels of anterior pituitary hormones hardly play any significant role in the development of alcohol dependence.
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PMID:Effect of chronic ethanol administration and abstinence on serum thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin and growth hormone concentrations in rats with high and low ethanol intake. 362

A series of experiments was conducted in adult male rats to study the development of tolerance to and dependence on morphine in the neural processes controlling LH and prolactin secretion. The central mechanisms controlling both these hormones became tolerant following chronic application of the opiate agonist; this was seen in the form of diminished responsiveness to the agonist with time. There was an apparently greater degree of tolerance in the mechanisms regulating LH secretion than in those regulating prolactin secretion. In parallel experiments, the opiate antagonist naloxone was used to test for the development of dependence in rats chronically treated with morphine. While behavioural signs of physical dependence (withdrawal) were evident, the LH and prolactin responses proved to be the same as those observed in response to acute administration of opiate agonists (i.e. naloxone respectively decreased and increased serum LH and prolactin concentrations in animals chronically treated with morphine). This paper may represent the first report of such paradoxical responses to naloxone. It also demonstrates that opioid tolerance and dependence may exist as two separate phenomena in vivo.
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PMID:Paradoxical LH and prolactin responses to naloxone after chronic treatment with morphine. 395 May 25