Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0277787 (stigma)
 13,352 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The present study determined the amount and types of glycosaminoglycans and collagen concentrations in follicles of the domestic hen. The stigma (S; the area of follicular rupture) and nonstigma (NS) regions of the theca layer were isolated from the preovulatory follicle (F1) and an immature follicle (F2) that were to ovulate 30 min and 26 h later, respectively. Glycosaminoglycan density, which was estimated by measuring follicular uronic acid concentration (micrograms/mg dry wt), was lower (p less than 0.01) in F1S (2.6 +/- 0.1) compared to F1NS (3.4 +/- 0.2), F2S (3.4 +/- 0.1), and F2NS (3.4 +/- 0.1). Theca glycosaminoglycans consisted of approximately 58% dermatan sulfate, 20% heparan sulfate, and 22% hyaluronic acid. The F1S contained lower (p less than 0.05) amounts of dermatan sulfate and hyaluronic acid compared to F1NS, F2S, and F2NS. There was no significant difference in amounts of heparan sulfate in the F1S, F1NS, F2S, and F2NS. Collagen density, which was estimated by measuring follicular hydroxyproline concentrations (micrograms/mg dry wt), were lower (p less than 0.01) in F1S (20.3 +/- 1.4) and F2S (19.8 +/- 1.4) compared to F1NS (28.9 +/- 1.9) and F2NS (29.9 +/- 2.7). However, there was not a further decrease in collagen concentration in the F1S compared to F2S. We suggest that glycosaminoglycans may be degraded specifically in the stigma region of the preovulatory follicle prior to ovulation. The lower amount of collagen in the stigma region may decrease the tensile strength in the stigma compared to the nonstigma region regardless of maturational stage.
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PMID:Preovulatory changes in glycosaminoglycans and collagen content in the stigma region of the follicle of the domestic hen. 178 95

Collagen and acid glycosaminoglycans (GAG) in bovine tunica albuginea covering the developing follicules (FC) and corpus luteum (CL) were investigated histochemically and biochemically in order to analyze the connective tissue metabolism of the follicular wall as well as to clarify the mechanism involved in stigma repairs after ovulation at the extracellular matrix level. Histochemically, collagen fibers were observed to be loose and sparse by Azan Mallory staining and GAG were markedly stained by alucian blue in large FC. Biochemically, hydroxyproline content showed a significant decrease (43%) in large FC compared with control tunica albuginea. Uronic acid and hexosamine content tended to increase in large FC, compared with small FC. The major GAG component in FC was sulfate GAG, consisting mainly of dermatan sulfate (DS). The DS component ratio and concentration were decreased significantly in large FC, compared with small FC. Remodelling of collagen fibers and an increase in GAG content were observed in CL. The increase in GAG content was caused by a threefold increase in the component ratio and concentration of hyaluronic acid in CL, compared with other tunica albuginea. These results suggest that changes in GAG components in FC and CL are strongly related to collagen metabolism in tunica albuginea during the ovulatory cycle.
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PMID:[Collagen and acid glycosaminoglycans in bovine tunica albuginea during ovulatory cycle]. 227 5

Twelve enzymes from mature pollen grains of maize were separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE). The separation in the second dimension was both in the presence and absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Ten of the investigated enzymes lost activity after separation in the presence of SDS, but those of esterases and acid phosphatase could be recovered. On the other hand, 2-D electrophoresis without SDS is suitable for the analysis of maize pollen pectinesterase, malate dehydrogenase, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, diaphorase, superoxide dismutase, and phosphoglucose isomerase. 1-D PAGE and isoelectric focusing (IEF) are sufficient to analyze glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase, shikimic dehydrogenase, and glutamate dehydrogenase. The possibility of applying 2-D electrophoresis for the analysis of enzymes from single stigma and stigma exudate is dicussed.
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PMID:Maize pollen enzymes after two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence or absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. 1182 13

Glycoprotein products of two highly homologous Brassica S gene family members were studied: SLSG (S locus-specific glycoprotein), product of an SLG gene at the S locus, and SLR1 (S locus-related) protein, product of the SLR1 gene, a gene unlinked to the S locus. A polyclonal antibody directed against a trpE-SLR1 fusion protein facilitated study of the SLR1 protein. SLR1 protein was detected in a number of crucifer species. No variation in the level of this protein was found between self-compatible and self-incompatible plants. Both SLSG and SLR1 protein occurred as glycoforms on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels. Each glycoform had several charge forms, indicated by elution patterns from a high performance liquid chromatography cation exchange column and behavior on two-dimensional gels. Deglycosylation of both SLSG and SLR1 protein caused loss of the glycoforms, which apparently arose from differences in glycosylation. Consistent with their apparent similar post-translational processing, immunolocalization showed that SLR1 protein, like SLSG, accumulated in the stigma papillae cell walls. Thus, both SLSG and SLR1 protein are present at the site of pollen-stigma interaction.
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PMID:Immunodetection of protein glycoforms encoded by two independent genes of the self-incompatibility multigene family of brassica. 1666 31

Scabies and pediculosis are common parasitic infestations of the skin and hair, manifesting with intense pruritus and effectively treated with modern medications. Because of the attached social stigma linking it with poverty and poor hygiene, patients will often attempt alternative folk-based remedies before confiding in their physicians. We conducted a comprehensive bibliographical study of historic folk literature and interviewed 70 individuals experienced in everyday application of folk medicine in order to categorize available remedies and provide a modern, scientific comment on their effectiveness and dangers. Compositions containing sulfur, copper sulfate, petroleum, coal, tar, and highly alkaline soaps and washing solutions undoubtedly have scabicidal and pediculicidal properties, but they are used either in high concentrations with greater possibility of intoxication and irritation or lower concentrations with questionable therapeutic benefit. These remedies, extracted from historical-cultural frameworks, are poorly adapted to modern standards and can lead to side-effects and complications. Physicians today have to be aware of the reasons their patients seek alternative remedies and know the substances and procedures they may use in self-healing, so as to be able to provide the help that may be needed if those complications occur.
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PMID:Treatment of Scabies and Pediculosis in Health Education Publications and Folk Medicine of Eastern Croatia - Slavonija, Baranja, and Western Srijem County. 2978 97