Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0277787 (stigma)
 13,352 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Stigma is synonymous with leishmaniasis, an endemic deadly flesh-eating disease in Yemen that affects predominantly poor rural women and children. Women with leishmaniasis often present late and experience not only physical deformities and the risk of death, but also the painful stigma of the disease and its consequences, a similar situation to that of leprosy decades ago. The International Society of Dermatology-sponsored community dermatology project Eradication of Leishmaniasis from Yemen Project has made a difference in the leishmaniasis situation in Yemen and addressed its magnitude. The program eradicated leishmaniasis from some areas, dealt with and improved its alarming prevalence among children and women who are the neglected and highest risk groups, and solved some issues associated with poor access to proper drugs. Medicine donation has enabled women with leishmaniasis to freely receive medicine they otherwise would not have been able to afford, reduced their mortality and morbidity, and minimized the extensive impact the socio-aesthetic stigma has on their lives. Our cause has attracted local and global attention to these problematic issues.
Int J Womens Dermatol 2016 Sep
PMID:Impact of leishmaniasis in women: a practical review with an update on my ISD-supported initiative to combat leishmaniasis in Yemen (ELYP). 2849 18

Leprosy has an impact on the physical, social, and psychological health of affected people. Women in developing countries seek health care late for any health-related issues. Leprosy, a disease known for its stigma, adds further to these facts. Also, close contact between women and family members, especially children, increases the chance of transmission to others and thereby increases the disease burden in the society. Hence, leprosy in women is an important issue for the affected patient, their family members, and society as a whole.
Int J Womens Dermatol 2016 Dec
PMID:Leprosy and women. 2849 23

Psoriasis can be a socially isolating disease due to debilitating physical symptoms and the stigma patients feel because of the appearance of their skin. Mental health comorbidities such as anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation and behaviour (SIB) are prevalent in patients with psoriasis. Patients with mild psoriasis can experience psychiatric comorbidities; however, disorders such as depression and SIB are more common in patients with severe psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis. Psychiatric disorders can both result from and contribute to progression of psoriasis, suggesting that psoriasis and psychiatric conditions, such as depression, may have overlapping biological mechanisms. Proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 are elevated in both psoriasis and depression, indicating that the inflammatory process may be involved in the progression of both diseases. Elevated cytokine levels in the central nervous system cause physiologic and biochemical changes that may contribute to the development of depression. In this review of the literature, we discuss the evidence that supports the association of psoriasis with mental health disorders and the tools used to detect the presence of these comorbidities. Additionally, we review the most prominent hypotheses on the mechanisms by which the inflammatory response and elevated cytokines can cause depression. These results highlight the role that systemic inflammation plays in the various mental health comorbidities associated with psoriasis, including depression and SIB.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017 Dec
PMID:Depression and suicidality in psoriasis: review of the literature including the cytokine theory of depression. 2868 5

Hyperhidrosis affects 4.8% of the US population, and despite the well documented negative impact of hyperhidrosis on patients' lives, data are generally lacking on the patient experience with this condition. The International Hyperhidrosis Society (IHHS) conducted a study in 2014, and initial results confirmed the multifaceted impact of hyperhidrosis on quality of life and underscored the need for disease awareness and effective management. To provide further insight into the hyperhidrosis patient experience, additional results focusing on family history, physician interaction, impact on daily activities, and treatment satisfaction are presented here. The online survey included 22 multiple-choice questions (some allowing multiple responses). Respondents were IHHS newsletter registrants in the US self-identified as suffering with excessive sweating (ie, answering 'yes' to Question 1). Of 28,587 survey invitations, a total of 5,042 recipients (17.6%) opened the e-mail, and 2,045 respondents provided an answer to Question 1. Of these, 1,985 (6.9%) self-identified as having excessive sweating and continued the survey. Over 18% of survey respondents reported an immediate family member with excessive sweating. The top three areas impacted by excessive sweating were daily activity, clothing choice, and work/career (average rank scores over 3.0 for each area; range 1-8 with lower scores indicating greater impact). Nearly half (48.9%) of respondents reported waiting 10 or more years prior to seeking medical help, and 85.0% waited at least 3 years. Of the 87.2% of respondents who received treatment for hyperhidrosis, patients were most satisfied with injections and least satisfied with prescription and over-the-counter antiperspirants and liposuction. These survey results add important clinical insight for the underserved hyperhidrosis patient population. The reported delay in seeking proper medical attention highlights the need to increase hyperhidrosis awareness among the public and clinicians, to reduce stigma associated with the condition, and to encourage active treatment strategies. <p><em>J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(4):392-396.</em></p>.
J Drugs Dermatol 2018 Apr 01
PMID:Understanding Patient Experience With Hyperhidrosis: A National Survey of 1,985 Patients. 2960 15

The bony structures of the face provide the framework upon which the soft-tissue envelope rests, such that facial symmetry and proportionality usually depend upon the morphological patterns and anthropometrical measurements of a symmetrical skull. Facial bony pillars are dynamic and variable according to the demands placed upon them, as well as gender and aging differences. Thus, a more profound knowledge of facial supporting pillars and their dynamic behavior by physicians who practice minimally cosmetic procedures would allow for a more natural approach to facial beautification. It would help them to rebalance age-related and asymmetric congenital imperfections, and minimize any harmful stigma associated with bad cosmetic practice. <p><em>J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(4):466-470.</em></p>.
J Drugs Dermatol 2018 Apr 01
PMID:Dynamic Changes of Facial Supporting Cornerstones (Pillars): Considerations in Aesthetic Approach. 2960 23

Leprosy is also known as Hansen disease, as in some countries the diagnosis of leprosy carries a negative stigma and patients fear being shunned as outcasts. Presently, leprosy is primarily limited to specific geographical regions in resource-poor countries. As a result, there is increased difficulty for the younger generation of physicians today to correctly identify leprosy due to a lack of exposure and a low-index of suspicion, particularly in developed countries. In this case, the indurated lesions over the face demonstrated a preference for the outer lateral aspects over the maxillary areas, the nose bridge, and the pinna of the ears consistent with the organism's preference for cooler regions of the body. This was also evident in the other skin lesions affecting the more acral regions of the limbs in the early stage of disease progression. There is a need to keep this infective condition as an alternate diagnosis to all unusual cutaneous lesions.
Case Rep Dermatol
PMID:Extensive Lepromatous Lymphadenitis Preceding Lesions on the Face and Earlobes: An Unusual Presentation of Leprosy in Singapore. 2960 44

Skin maladies affect populations worldwide and can have a vast range of clinical manifestations, signs, and complications, including infection, pain, or even stigma for sufferers due to their visibility. Both modern health infrastructure and indigenous systems offer solutions for patients. This contribution provides an overview of the dermatologic uses for Thanatka, a plant that is used topically in Myanmar to treat a myriad of skin diseases. Indigenous to Myanmar, the trees used to produce Thanatka are also present in India, Sri Lanka, Java, and Pakistan.
Clin Dermatol
PMID:Traditional and ethnobotanical dermatology practices in Myanmar. 2990 74

Trypophobia is the fear of patterns of clustered holes, bumps, or nodules. Trypophobia has a special relationship with dermatology because of its effects on individuals with skin disease, its relationship with disease avoiding behavior, and its utilization in many online skin disease hoaxes. Trypophobic patterns on skin and characters can be found in movies, TV shows, and videogames. Several popular horror villains take advantage of trypophobic patterns like Freddy Kreuger, Jason Vorhees, and Pinhead. Most recently, another blockbuster villain has joined their ranks - Killmonger. Public health messaging about these biases and the often noncontagious nature of skin disease is warranted to attenuate public stigma of skin disease perpetuated by media.
Dermatol Online J 2018 Nov 15
PMID:Trypophobia, skin, and media. 3069 85

Though vitiligo is one of the psychodermatological disorders which do not cause direct physical impairment, it is cosmetically disfiguring leading to serious psychological problems in daily life. We undertook this research to study patients of vitiligo the prevalence of depression, coping, stigma, and quality of life and comparison of the same in both genders. Patients diagnosed clinically as having vitiligo by consultant dermatologist were enrolled after informed consent and ethics approval. 156 patients were screened, of which 100 satisfying criteria were taken up for the study. A semistructured proforma was designed to collect the necessary information with administration of Beck's depression inventory, participation scale, dermatology life quality index, and adjustment to chronic skin diseases questionnaire. Depression prevalence was 63.64% in females and 42.86% in males (p<0.0457); the total mean BDI scores were significant with females having higher scores than males (p<0.0083). No significant differences were seen on participation scale though 52% females felt stigmatized as compared to 45% males (p <0.5779). While almost 97% of our patients had impaired quality of life there was no significant difference in both genders on the total score (p<0.3547). Females had significantly higher faulty coping style than males with significant differences on all domains and total scores (p< 0.0094). There was a strong association of depression with faulty coping and stigma (p< 0.0001) in both genders. Also association of stigma with quality of life showed highly significant findings in both genders (p< 0.0001) on all the domains of DLQI. This study helps in early identification of psychological problems in vitiligo patients and planning their future course of management, hence improving the prognosis and quality of life.
Dermatol Res Pract 2019
PMID:Gender Differences in Depression, Coping, Stigma, and Quality of Life in Patients of Vitiligo. 3106 60

Many patients with a visible chronic skin disease experience discrimination and stigmatization. This results in psychosocial impairments in addition to the burden of disease and emphasizes the urgency to implement effective stigma-reduction strategies. To synthesize what is known globally about effective interventions to reduce stigma associated with visible chronic skin diseases, a systematic review was conducted. Four electronic databases were searched until May 2018. Studies evaluating interventions to reduce stigmatization in patients with visible chronic skin diseases and applying at least one stigma-related outcome measure were included. Data were extracted on study design, country, study population, outcome measures and main findings. Results were subsequently synthesized in a narrative review. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tools were used to assess study quality. Nineteen studies were included in the review. Study design was very heterogeneous and study quality rather poor. Thirteen studies addresses patients with leprosy in low- and middle-income countries, and one study each targeted patients with onychomycosis, leg ulcer, facial disfigurement, atopic dermatitis, vitiligo and alopecia. Evaluated interventions were mainly multi-faceted incorporating more than one type of intervention. While 10 studies focused on the reduction in self-stigma and 4 on the reduction in public stigma, another 5 studies aimed at reducing both. The present review revealed a lack of high-quality studies on effective approaches to reduce stigmatization of patients with visible chronic skin diseases. Development and evaluation of intervention formats to adequately address stigma is essential to promote patients' health and well-being.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019 Nov
PMID:Strategies to reduce stigma related to visible chronic skin diseases: a systematic review. 3117 1


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