Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0277787 (stigma)
 13,352 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Quality of Life Measurement Workshop was designed to address a number of specific questions relating to measurement and use of quality of life indicators among persons with chronic and severe mental illnesses. The issues surrounding measurement of quality of life among severely and persistently mentally ill people proved to be considerably more complex than originally imagined. Workshop discussions concentrated on the clear elaboration of the scope and nature of these complexities rather than on their complete resolution. Important themes that emerged were: the importance of quality of life for consumers/survivors and their family members, and as a basis for evaluating program effectiveness and the progress of mental health reform; the fact that persons with mental illness experience lower life satisfaction than the population as a whole; the importance for consumers/survivors of having a sense of control, companionship, feelings of optimism, and a purposeful and meaningful life; the subjective and personal nature of quality of life perspective and the need for flexible measurement instruments that permit differential weighting of factors to take account of these different views; the lack of attention to social stigma and family or caregiver burden in current conceptualizations and measurement approaches and the importance of these factors to consumers/survivors and family members; the overt focus on psychiatric symptomatology and the relative neglect of key quality of life considerations that are important to consumers/survivors and their families; the need for more operational measures, such as those in the health-related quality of life field, to be used as a basis for evaluating the worth of new and alternate models of service delivery; the potential for competing interests with respect to program accountability to consumers/survivors and their families, on the one hand, and funders on the other, and the importance of striking a balance; the importance of including quality of life measurements within the context of controlled clinical trials; the need for multiple measurement approaches, ensuring that scales are appropriately matched to study goals and objectives, recognizing that scales differ in their sensitivity to treatment change; commonly used measures such as rates of hospital recidivism or psychiatric symptomatology are ultimately too narrow and, when used alone, are un-satisfactory measures of quality of program outcomes; the importance of minimizing data collection burden by ensuring that routine data collection systems have clinical utility within the context of the consumer/provider encounter; the need for extreme caution when directly linking quality of life outcomes to program funding within the context of outcomes-management systems; the need to gain a greater understanding of determinants of quality of life such as gender, age, diagnosis, comorbidities, stage of illness, or cognitive and emotional impairments; the importance of normative data and the need to develop statistical benchmarks; the importance of distinguishing quality of life outcomes on which specific interventions can have an impact (proximal outcomes) from the broader socioeconomic determinants of quality of life over which programs and interventions have little direct control (distal outcomes); the added cost of collecting quality of life outcome data on a routine basis and the general lack of technical resources available to most intervention programs; the potential for quality of life outcomes to be misused within the context of accountability frameworks given their embryonic stage of development, a lack of understanding of what constitutes appropriate clinical or statistical benchmarks, and the risk of data degradation when outcomes are tied to program funding; and the need for client-based research which incorporates consumers/survivors and their family members into all facets of the research process from study design to interpretati
 ...
PMID:Quality of life measurement in mental health. Introduction and overview of workshop findings. 1034 90

High rates of medical comorbidity and premature death have become normative health outcomes for individuals with mental illness. On average, people with mental illness die 10 to 15 years earlier than the general population. To date, little research and programmatic attention has focused on the health promotion and prevention needs of people with mental illness. Many factors have been cited as contributing to this problem, including the stigma of being mentally ill, poverty, and limited knowledge and access to health promotion services. Future health planning interventions should restructure the funding mandates of current health care delivery system from an illness and treatment model to one of illness prevention and health promotion.
 ...
PMID:Health status risk factors of people with severe and persistent mental illness. 1038 53

To change public attitudes toward people with mental illness, consumers need positive visibility and a strong community voice. We are making progress, although slowly, to eliminate the stigma surrounding mental illness. Progress can be attributed to the fact that the mentally ill are now living in our communities among us, and people are beginning to understand them more.
 ...
PMID:Wearing two hats. Consumer & provider. 1041 87

This study addressed a relatively neglected topic in schizophrenia: identifying methods to reduce stigma directed toward individuals with this disorder. The study investigated whether presentation of information describing the association between violent behavior and schizophrenia could affect subjects' impressions of the dangerousness of both a target person with schizophrenia and individuals with mental illness in general. Subjects with and without previous contact with individuals with a mental illness were administered one of four "information sheets" with varying information about schizophrenia and its association with violent behavior. Subjects then read a brief vignette of a male or female target individual with schizophrenia. Results showed that subjects who reported previous contact with individuals with a mental illness rated the male target individual and individuals with mental illness in general as less dangerous than did subjects without previous contact. Subjects who received information summarizing the prevalence rates of violent behavior among individuals with schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders (e.g., substance abuse) rated individuals with a mental illness as less dangerous than did subjects who did not receive this information. Implications of the findings for public education are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Dispelling the stigma of schizophrenia: II. The impact of information on dangerousness. 1047 79

This article outlines the Mental Health Awareness Project's (MHAP) innovative strategy to address the stigma associated with mental illness, and what concerns there should be for nurses--from the social inclusion agenda, through current legislation to clinical governance.
 ...
PMID:From stigma to strategy. 1049 71

Advocacy, government, and public-service groups rely on a variety of strategies to diminish the impact of stigma on persons with severe mental illness. These strategies include protest, education, and promoting contact between the general public and persons with these disorders. The authors argue that social psychological research on ethnic minority and other group stereotypes should be considered when implementing these strategies. Such research indicates that (a) attempts to suppress stereotypes through protest can result in a rebound effect; (b) education programs may be limited because many stereotypes are resilient to change; and (c) contact is enhanced by a variety of factors, including equal status, cooperative interaction, and institutional support. Future directions for research and practice to reduce stigma toward persons with severe mental illness are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Lessons from social psychology on discrediting psychiatric stigma. 1051 Jun 66

By removing the obstacles of social stigma and board sanction, HPSP offers physicians a way to fulfill their reporting obligations and get confidential help for a psychiatric disorder, chemical abuse, or a medical condition. Physicians who are willing to document how they manage their illness can enroll in HPSP for monitoring without board involvement. Physicians are encouraged to learn more about HPSP--for themselves, colleagues, or any health professional licensed in Minnesota--by calling 651/643-2120 or visiting our Web site at www.hpsp.state.mn.us.
 ...
PMID:The health professionals services program. An alternative for physicians with psychiatric disorders. 1054 47

There is a new and growing interest among community mental health providers and administrators in the area of correctional psychiatry. From a column in Psychiatric Times to committees and task forces in APA and the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, increased attention is being paid to the great need for the treatment of mentally ill offenders. In this article, we will introduce the reader to the magnitude of the correctional system and to the prevalence of mental illness in the correctional population. We will then describe several model programs designed to work with mentally disordered offenders, and outline a novel collaborative approach between a CMHC and a Probation Office designed to help mentally disordered offenders succeed in community treatment. Several barriers to treatment faced by this population will be identified, including double stigma, lack of family/social support, comorbidity, adjustment problems, and boundary issues. Case vignettes designed to illustrate key points will be included.
 ...
PMID:A model program for the treatment of mentally ill offenders in the community. 1054 21

An in-depth qualitative interview study is reported, with respondents (N=52; all female) from the following urban-dwelling religious groups: White Christian, Pakistani Muslim, Indian Hindu, Orthodox Jewish and Afro-Caribbean Christian. Qualitative thematic analysis of open-ended interview responses revealed that the degree to which religious coping strategies were perceived to be effective in the face of depressive and schizophrenic symptoms, varied across the groups, with prayer being perceived as particularly effective among Afro-Caribbean Christian and Pakistani Muslim groups. Across all non-white groups, and also for the Jewish group, there was fear of being misunderstood by outgroup health professionals, and among Afro-Caribbean Christian and Pakistani Muslim participants, evidence of a community stigma associated with mental illness, leading to a preference for private coping strategies. The results lend further support to recent calls for ethnic-specific mental health service provision and highlight the utility of qualitative methodology for exploring the link between religion and lay beliefs about mental illness.
 ...
PMID:Religious and ethnic group influences on beliefs about mental illness: a qualitative interview study. 1061 33

The burden of depression is increased by the stigma of mental illness and the widely held idea that psychoactive medication is useless and addictive. These preconceptions may delay and obscure diagnosis and reduce treatment adherence. A sensitive clinician should be able to recognise the difficulties in the individual patient and overcome them.
 ...
PMID:Stigma and depression: a double whammy. 1062 77


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>