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Query: UMLS:C0277787 (stigma)
 13,352 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

More than half of female physicians may experience a psychiatric illness during their lifetime. Depression is by far the most common such disorder, and the suicide rate is alarmingly high. However, female physicians appear to be at lower risk for substance abuse than male physicians. The medical profession could benefit from increased awareness of depression among female physicians and removal of barriers to treatment, such as stigma and discrimination against those with psychiatric illness.
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PMID:Psychiatric illness in female physicians. Are high rates of depression an occupational hazard? 915 16

Numerous studies have demonstrated a strong connection between the experience of stigma and the well-being of the stigmatized. But in the area of mental illness there has been controversy surrounding the magnitude and duration of the effects of labeling and stigma. One of the arguments that has been used to downplay the importance of these factors is the substantial body of evidence suggesting that labeling leads to positive effects through mental health treatment. However, as Rosenfield (1997) points out, labeling can simultaneously induce both positive consequences through treatment and negative consequences through stigma. In this study we test whether stigma has enduring effects on well-being by interviewing 84 men with dual diagnoses of mental disorder and substance abuse at two points in time--at entry into treatment, when they were addicted to drugs and had many psychiatric symptoms and then again after a year of treatment, when they were far less symptomatic and largely drug- and alcohol-free. We found a relatively strong and enduring effect of stigma on well-being. This finding indicates that stigma continues to complicate the lives of the stigmatized even as treatment improves their symptoms and functioning. It follows that if health professionals want to maximize the well-being of the people they treat, they must address stigma as a separate and important factor in its own right.
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PMID:On stigma and its consequences: evidence from a longitudinal study of men with dual diagnoses of mental illness and substance abuse. 921 38

Despite rising numbers of Asian American psychiatric trainees, little has been written about the specific problems arising in training for members of this ethnic minority group. The authors discuss some of the difficulties for the Asian American psychiatric trainee, in relation to the stigma of mental illness and its impact on the trainee's decision to enter psychiatry, ethnic identity and stereotyping, psychotherapy supervision, and career opportunities. Specific vignettes will describe each of these situations and the internal conflicts they engender during training. The resolution of these conflicts will be described within a transference and countransference framework with the intent of providing a starting point for process-oriented supervision geared toward the development of a professional identity. Specific recommendations will be given for the educational and career development process for Asian American psychiatric trainees.
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PMID:Ethnocultural factors in the development of an Asian American psychiatrist. 922 65

Ethnic and racial differences in the stigma associated with mental illness in the general population were examined through secondary analysis of data from a survey of a nationally representative sample (N = 1,468) on attitudes toward homeless and homeless mentally ill people. American Indian (1 percent of the sample), Asian-Pacific Islander (1.5 percent), black (10 percent), and Hispanic respondents (4 percent) were compared with white respondents (82 percent) to determine if the groups differed in their perception of the dangerousness of mental patients and if contact with mentally ill persons moderated ethnic and racial differences in perceptions of dangerousness. Asian and Hispanic respondents perceived mental patients as significantly more dangerous than did white respondents. Increased contact with mentally ill people was associated with lower levels of perceived dangerousness among white respondents but not among black respondents.
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PMID:Ethnic and racial differences in perceptions of dangerousness of persons with mental illness. 932 54

In this paper the concept of recovery from major mental illness and the empowerment process are explored. Subjective experiences from the author's own journey of recovery from mental illness as well as others are explored. The concept of recovery as a journey, not a destination or "cure" is emphasized. It is noted that one must recover not only from mental illness, but also from internalized stigma, low expectations and dehumanizing clinical practices. Suggestions for the clinical practitioner who wishes to support the recovery and empowerment process are also given.
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PMID:Recovery and empowerment for people with psychiatric disabilities. 935 96

Considerable research has documented the stigmatization of people with mental illnesses and its negative consequences. Recently it has been shown that stigma may also seriously affect families of psychiatric patients, but little empirical research has addressed this problem. We examine perceptions of and reactions to stigma among 156 parents and spouses of a population-based sample of first-admission psychiatric patients. While most family members did not perceive themselves as being avoided by others because of their relative's hospitalization, half reported concealing the hospitalization at least to some degree. Both the characteristics of the mental illness (the stigmatizing mark) and the social characteristics of the family were significantly related to levels of family stigma. Family members were more likely to conceal the mental illness if they did not live with their ill relative, if the relative was female, and if the relative had less severe positive symptoms. Family members with more education and whose relative had experienced an episode of illness within the past 6 months reported greater avoidance by others.
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PMID:Psychiatric illness and family stigma. 950 50

In this article, the authors report on a face-to-face survey of members of the public regarding the role of psychiatric nurses. One open-ended question was asked of 100 pedestrians in a city centre. The resulting data were analysed and then validated by a panel of senior psychiatric nurses. The researchers found a generally positive perception of the role, certainly in relation to the esteem in which nurses continue to be held, but detected that the stigma of mental illness still surrounds those who have to come in contact with mental health professionals. The researchers believe mental health nurses must be better prepared to articulate their contribution to mental health care to counteract public fear, and that the media can play an important role in this process.
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PMID:Perceptions of the psychiatric nurse's role: a pilot study. 951 89

A closed time-limited therapy group was conducted for four women who had all been raised by mentally ill mothers. Themes recurring frequently included hatred of self and mother, current lack of extended family support, current parenting difficulties, ongoing stigma and isolation. All group members perceived themselves as troubled despite others' perceptions of them as resilient. The results for the individuals treated are outlined using clinical material, as statistical analysis was not undertaken. All were able to cease individual therapy. Conclusions focus on the benefits of such a group process of recognition and affirmation of the profound consequences of a mother's mental illness on her daughters and thence to grandchildren. The possibility of primary prevention using techniques from infant-parent and child-group therapy is discussed.
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PMID:A group for the adult daughters of mentally ill mothers: looking backwards and forwards. 956 7

1. When clients share their experiences with students, the experience helps sensitize students to the stigma of mental illness, and also facilitates the client's recovery. 2. Encouragement from staff, clinicians, other clients, and family members that they can succeed at this next step in what most often motivates a client-consumer to "try" something new or "try again". 3. Client involvement in community activities is effective in normalizing daily life experiences and in breaking down the barrier of stigma.
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PMID:Integrating psychosocial rehabilitation in a community-based faculty nursing practice. 958 Sep 1

There remains a great deal to be accomplished in freeing many millions of gays and lesbian from the tyranny of fear of discovery, of actual and potential economic disenfranchisement, of the burden of ridicule, shame, and scorn, and of penalties for alleged criminal behavior. Nevertheless, the recognized status, for example, of openly gay and lesbian psychologists ... is light years away from their inferior and almost certainly closed status of 1954. They are not only free now of the criminal penalties and of the stigma of mental illness, but are in positions of trust, respect, and power.
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PMID:Evelyn Hooker: a life remembered. 967 98


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