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Query: UMLS:C0276640 (TEM)
 20,729 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the terminal segment of the hamster epididymidis there was some evidence of micro-merocrine protein secretion a the level of the principal cells and clear evidence of granular secretion in the light cells, presumable of glycoproteins. The PAS and protein cytochemistry reactivities observed in both these cells, of the ductus epithelial lining, but especially in the light cells, are suggestive of mucopolysaccharides and protein complexes synthesis and secretion. This secretion is carried out to the epididymal epithelium from the lumen and luminal content. A complex of small vacuoles and vesicles appeared to form from the Golgi complex is showed in the principal cells. It was suggested that this complex may represented merocrine secretory vacuoles and vesicles in these cells. Dense granules, at the TEM level, are observed in all the cytoplasm of the light cells, with correspondence to similar PAS-positive granules observed in these cells, at the light microscope level. These granules, at the TEM level, are actually secreted to the epididymal duct lumen, by the apical cytoplasms of the light cells. Signs of absorption were suggested to the principal and light columnar cells through the ultrastructural observations of micropinocytosis, apical multivesicular bodies or great membrane-bounded vacuoles in the adluminal cytoplasms.
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PMID:[Cytochemical and ultrastructural characteristics of the lining epithelium of the distal part of the epididymis in hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)]. 276 1

Binding sites for Con A and WGA were detected on bovine spermatozoa during epididymal maturation. We used colloidal gold as an EM-marker. The spermatozoa were treated according to a two-step method for lectin and colloidal gold, then adsorbed to lysine-coated nickel grids and subsequently examined by TEM in toto. Using this method we rapidly got information about the topographic distribution of lectin-binding sites. Major differences exist for WGA between caput and cauda spermatozoa. Conceding that cell-thickness poses some limitation, we consider this method to be practical and especially useful in studies concerning topographic distribution of cell surface components in single cell systems.
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PMID:Con A- and WGA-binding sites on bovine epididymal spermatozoa: TEM of specimens in toto. 623 81

Both scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopic studies of the major ductules and ducts of the perfused epididymal region of the drake were reported. The SEM correlated with TEM studies and confirmed some previous observations that the non-ciliated Types I and II cells in the proximal and distal efferent ductules, respectively, possessed apical microvilli as distinct from the cilia of the ciliated cells. The relative number of each cell type in each duct was also revealed. All microvilli and cilia were regular in shape. The connecting and epididymal ducts showed 'craters' scattered over their entire epithelial surfaces. Also, a single cilium projected from most of the cells of the epithelial lining into the lumen of these ducts. The name, 'uniciliated cell' has been suggested to describe this cell which has, until now, been referred to as the non-ciliated Type III cell (Aire, 1980; Aire et al. 1979). Neither bulbous microvilli nor blebbing of the apical plasmalemma of the cells occurred in properly fixed tissues.
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PMID:Surface morphology of the ducts of the epididymal region of the drake (Anas platyrhynchos) as revealed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. 715 70

The luminal topography and cell surface fine structure of the chicken and turkey excurrent duct system, which consists of the epididymal region, ductus deferens, and papillae were examined. All specimens were fixed in glutaraldehyde, cryofractured or bisected with a razor, and prepared for SEM, TEM, or LM. The mucosa of the more proximal ducts in the epididymal region was highly folded and had an epithelial lining of ciliated and onociliated Type 1 cells. The other epididymal ducts and ductus deferens had low mucosal folds lined exclusively by nonciliated Type 2 cells. The only major structural differences between the excurrent duct system of the chicken and tufkey were limited to the receptaculum, a sac-like dilation of the distal ductus deferens, and the gross external structure of the papillae. Variation in the surface fine structure of the Type 1 and Type 2 cells suggests that they have secretory and nonsecretory phases.
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PMID:Luminal topography of the male chicken and turkey excurrent duct system. 741 86

The processes of abnormal sperm penetration and incorporation into human oocytes during IVF and after sperm microinjection, assessed by TEM, are reviewed. A spectrum of morphologically abnormal sperm with head, neck and midpiece defects penetrate the egg vestments of oocytes (1-3 h after insemination with sperm from normal donors) in both unfertilized and normally fertilized oocytes. Sperm with aberrant head shapes, acrosomal and nuclear defects penetrate the outer zona pellucida but are rarely encountered in the inner zona and perivitelline space, showing that the zona prevents abnormal sperm penetration. Grossly abnormal sperm are, however, incorporated into the ooplasm of zona-denuded oocytes. Microinjection of poor-quality sperm from male-factor patients into the perivitelline space or directly into the ooplasm of oocytes also reveals a variety of structural defects conforming to those observed in washed sperm pellets, highlighting the difficulties of selection of 'normal' sperm for microinjection. Abnormal sperm have been seen to interact and fuse with the oocyte in the perivitelline space, and to be incorporated into the ooplasm. Those with nuclear and neck (centriolar) defects are of particular significance, as they might contribute to aberrant development. The functional competence of immotile, round-headed and epididymal sperm is also briefly discussed.
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PMID:Functional competence of abnormal spermatozoa. 805 71

We have examined the epididymal (caput, corpus and cauda) and ejaculated spermatozoa of bufallo-bull (Bubalus bubalis) employing microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. Fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated lectins namely concanavalin A (Con A), Dolichos biflorus (DBA), Maclura pomifera (MPA), peanut agglutinin (PNA), soybean agglutinin (SBA) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) were used to study the changes in the sperm surface carbohydrate make up as the spermatozoa mature. Quantitative analysis of the lectin binding was made flow cytometrically. 31P-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectra of the sperms obtained from different regions (head, body and tail) of the epididymis and of the ejaculate were analyzed to assess their metabolic activity. And the kinetics of spin label reduction of these samples was monitored with ESR (electron spin resonance) spectroscopy. These observations are supplemented with the electron microscopic (SEM and TEM) examination of the epididymal and ejaculated spermatozoa.
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PMID:Spectroscopic and microscopic studies of buffalo-bull (Bubalus bubalis) spermatozoa. 838 30

Centrosome reduction during mouse spermiogenesis has been studied by immunofluorescent microscopy using anticentrin antibody (20H5) and TEM. Centrin is detected as two spots in round spermatids, corresponding to a pair of centrioles. In elongating spermatids, centrin spots colocalize with the centrioles in the neck region, while the perinuclear ring from which manchette microtubules arise, does not label with the antibody 20H5. The proximal centriole of the elongating spermatids develops a prominent adjunct, which assembles an aster of microtubules. TEM studies after immunogold labeling revealed that centrin is associated with the distal and the proximal centrioles, but not with the adjunct. Centrin labeling in the neck region diminishes after spermiation stage, although it is not completely lost from all testicular sperm. Mature epididymal sperm do not display centrin labeling. Mouse sperm lose both distal and proximal centrioles at maturity. Loss of centrin staining appears to correlate with the degeneration of centrioles during mouse spermiogenesis.
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PMID:Centriole and centrin degeneration during mouse spermiogenesis. 1037 38

The microvasculature of the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) epididymis was investigated using light (LM), scanning electron (SEM), and transmission electron (TEM) microscopy techniques. SEM analysis of the buffalo epididymis showed fenestrations that occupied ovoid inside the endothelium of the postcapillary venules located in the caput, corpus, and cauda. They varied in shape and dimension, but more importantly, they connected the venules of the blood vascular system to the capillaries of the peripheral lymphatic vascular system. Morphofunctional analysis of these connections suggests that the microvasculature of the buffalo epididymis plays a role in facilitating the circulation of biologically active substances, and the absorption and secretion processes necessary for the survival and maturation of spermatozoa. The lymphatic capillaries at the connection points formed a network of variously sized polygonal links. These capillaries then converged to form the precollector lymphatic vessels, which in turn converged with the larger vessels originating from the testis. It was further noted that in the capillary endothelium there were no fenestrations, and in the large veins there were many diverticula. These diverticula appear to play a role in the regulation of the seasonal variations of the blood reflux. In general, the microvascular architecture of the buffalo epididymis, particularly its connection to the lymphatic vascular system, appears to play an important role in the absorption and secretion processes of the epididymal epithelium.
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PMID:Microvasculature of the buffalo epididymis. 1174 72

A high-fructose diet (HFD) has been shown to elevate blood pressure (BP) and to decrease insulin sensitivity in rats. Although running exercise can attenuate these phenomena, its effect on target organ protection is not clear. We investigated whether exercise training has renal protective effects in this model. Nine-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats were allocated to groups that received HFD or a control diet (control group) for 15 weeks. At the age of 10 weeks, fructose-fed rats were allocated to groups that were given vehicle (FRU group), temocapril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (TEM group), exercise training (EX group; treadmill running), or temocapril plus exercise training (TEM+EX group). BP was higher in the FRU group than in the control group. Exercise training tended to decrease BP and temocapril treatment decreased BP significantly. Proteinuria was similar in the five groups. Plasma leptin concentration and epididymal fat weight were lower in the EX and TEM+EX groups than in the FRU group. In the soleus muscle of the FRU group, the composite ratio of type I fiber was decreased and that of type IIa fiber was increased compared with those in the control group. Both temocapril and exercise training restored these ratios. The glomerular sclerosis index (GSI) was higher in the FRU group than in the control group. GSI was decreased equally in the TEM, EX, and TEM+EX groups and was positively correlated with plasma leptin concentration. The results suggest that exercise training ameliorates glomerular sclerosis through mechanisms other than a reduction in BP.
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PMID:Effects of exercise training on glomerular structure in fructose-fed spontaneously hypertensive rats. 1471 83

The light microscopy, histochemical and TEM studies of the epididymis and the vas deferens revealed the presence of PAS positive secretory granules in the epithelial cells lining the lumen of these organs. One dimensional SDS gel electrophoretic pattern of luminal fluid proteins and the total protein content of the testis, three regions of the epididymis and the vas deferens of the lizard, Mabuya carinata were studied during breeding and nonbreeding season of the reproductive cycle. During breeding season, 25 protein bands in the testicular luminal fluid, 26 in the anterior epididymal luminal fluid and 28 in the middle and posterior epididymal luminal fluid were found. Ten new protein bands appeared in the anterior epididymal region whereas five new protein bands appeared in the middle region of the epididymis indicating regional difference in protein secretions of the epididymis. Vas deferens luminal fluid showed the highest number of protein bands (32) and the highest total protein content (9.07 mg/ml) compared to the testis and the epididymis. Four new protein bands appeared in the vas deferens. Number of protein bands in the luminal fluids of testis, epididymis and the vas deferens were significantly reduced during nonbreeding season compared to those of the breeding season. Consistent with the decrease in the number of protein bands, there was a significant reduction in the total protein concentration in all the tissue samples during nonbreeding season. The results indicate seasonal differences in number of proteins secreted and quantity of proteins in the luminal fluid of male reproductive tract of M. carinata. This is the first study in reptiles revealing appearance of new proteins in epididymis, and vas deferens by conducting simultaneous electrophoretic profile of testicular, epididymal and vas deferens luminal contents.
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PMID:Ultrastructural study of the epididymis and the vas deferens and electrophoretic profile of their luminal fluid proteins in the lizard Mabuya carinata. 1728 65


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