Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0272170 (SDS)
 50,377 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A purified and homogeneous preparation of rat AFP, as judged by both electrophoresis on Cellogel and immunoelectrophoresis, was separated into two components, AFPa and AFPb, by disc electrophoresis on 7% polyacrylamide gel. These two components had a definite difference in electrostatic net charge and gave only a single band on SDS-electrophoresis. Immunological reactivity or electrophoretic separation or mobility of the two components could be altered by treatment with either sulfhydryl inhibitors or reducing agents but not by treatment with protein denaturants. Electrophoresis of neuraminidase-treated AFP on 5% polyacrylamide gel yielded clearly separable, slower moving four to six and finally two components depending on the time of incubation with neuraminidase. The time-dependent conversion of faster into slower migrating components of both AFPa and AFPb upon neuraminidase treatment was confirmed by reelectrophoresis of separated and similarly treated AFPa and AFPb. Two bands of sialized or desialized AFP were also observed on isoelectric focusing. Both AFPa and AFPb treated with and without neuraminidase gave single fused precipitin lines against the antiserum in Ouchterlony double-diffusion analysis. On the basis of the changes in electrophoretic mobilities of the intermediates following neuraminidase treatment, AFPa and AFPb were estimated to have at least 2.5 and 4.5 molecules of sialic acid per molecule, respectively.
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PMID:Microheterogeneity of rat alpha-fetoprotein. 5 43

The sedimentation of radiolabelled 22 nm hepatitis B surface antigen particles was unaffected by treatment with either trypsin or SDS alone, but combined treatment disrupted the particulate nature of the radiolabelled material. Considerable antibody binding activity by the group-specific determinant (a) was preserved after combined SDS and trypsin treatment but was released from the bulk of the radiolabelled protein; gel filtration indicated an approximate mol. wt. of 5000 to 15000 for the released antibody binding material. This material was precipitated by concanavalin A, suggesting the presence of carbohydrate. Its serological activity was remarkably resistant to boiling and to proteolytic digestion, but was partially sensitive to treatment with 0-01 M-periodate or with mixed carbohydrases and neuraminidase, and was greatly reduced by treatment with reducing agent. These data suggest that the stability of the a determinant is due to the structure of the antibody binding site itself, rather than to involvement in the quaternary structure of the particle, and that intact disulphide bonds and carbohydrate, closely related to the antibody binding site, are necessary for the full expression of serological acitivity.
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PMID:Tryptic cleavage of antibody binding sites from hepatitis B surface antigen particles. 6 23

Representative isolates of the paramyxoviruses duck/Hong Kong/75 and duck/Mississippi/75 were shown to be serologically closely related by haemagglutination and neuraminidase inhibition tests. The structural polypeptides of these viruses were also shown to be similar. For each of the isolates tested, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of SDS revealed a similar polypeptide pattern consisting, under reducing conditions, of seven polypeptides with apparent mol. wt. ranging from 46000 to 190000. Each virus had two glycosylated polypeptides with apparent mol. wt. of 56000 and 71000 to 72000 under reducing conditions and 62000 to 63000 and 135000 to 142000 under non-reducing conditions.
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PMID:Antigenic and structural relationships between avian paramyxoviruses isolated from ducks in Hong Kong and Mississippi, U.S.A. 9 19

It was shown previously, that an antiserum directed against highly purified fractions of migration inhibitory factor inhibits delayed hypersensitivity reactions in vivo and in vitro. Using radiolabeling techniques we determined that the anti-lymphokine serum reacted primarily with three lymphocyte activation products (m.w. 60,000, 45,000, and 30,000) all of which had a similar isoelectric point of 5.2. The cellular origin of this material was investigated. It was found that activated B cells, B leukemia cells (L2C), and growing fibroblasts produced material of a similar m.w. as analyzed on SDS-PAGE. No cross-reaction was found with radiolabeled products of activated murine and human lymph node cells and of SV 40-infected African green monkey kidney cells. The isoelectric point of the reactive material from B cells, leukemia cells, and fibroblasts was determined at 5.2. In addition to material with pI 5.2, lymph node cells also produced material with pI 3.5 to 4.5, which focused at pH 5.0 to 5.4. After neuraminidase treatment macrophage migration inhibitory activity in fibroblast culture supernatants could be absorbed specifically to insolubilized anti-lymphokine antibody. These findings suggests that lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells are capable of producing molecules whose physicochemical and functional properties appear to be identical.
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PMID:Antibodies to guinea pig lymphokines. VII. Reactivity with products of lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells. 9 76

The heavy chain of isolated murine cell surface IgD is present in two forms, separable by electrophoresis on SDS-polyacrylamide gradient gels. Both forms of delta-heavy chain are present on the surface of intact spleen cells and have apparent m.w. of approximately 70,000 (delta1) and 68,000 (delta2). Treatment of surface IgD with neuraminidase before isolation results in a single IgD heavy chain band on SDS gels having an apparent m.w. of 65,000, indicating that delta 1 and delta 2 differ in sialic acid content. Delta 2 is removed from the cell surface by papain more readily than delta 1, suggesting a possible functional significance for the two forms.
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PMID:Murine cell surface immunoglobulin: two forms of delta-heavy chain. 11 86

Isolation of the corticosteroid-binding globulin CBG was achieved by 5 chromatographical steps on cortisol Sepharose, QAE-Sephadex A-50, Con A-Sepharose and hydroxylapatite. The purity of the isolated CBG was demonstrated in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, SDS electrophoresis, immunodiffusion and ultracentrifugation. Microheterogeneity was shown in isoelectric focusing by 5 bands in the pH range of 3.7--4.2, which could be reduced to one major band after neuraminidase treatment. The equimolar binding of cortisol to CBG was demonstrated by binding studies. The association constant for cortisol was 2.8 x 10(8)M-1, for progesterone 1.7 x 10(6)M-1. From analytical ultracentrifugation, the molecular weight was calculated on 50 700; the sedimentation coefficient was 3.6 S, the partial specific volume 0.690 ml/g, the Stokes radius 38 A and the frictional coefficient ratio 1.5. A specific radioimmunoassay for CBG was established using the purified CBG for immunization, radioiodination and for calibration standards. The normal range of CBG levels in human serum was 2.4--4.4 mg/100 ml (mean +/- 2 SD). Studies were performed to compare the levels of CBG and thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG). No sex differences but a significant biphasic age dependence were observed for both proteins. In pregnancy and under oestrogen treatment of women and men, CBG was demonstrated to be the more distinct indicator of oestrogenic activity as compared with TBG, whereas the sensitivity of TBG was more pronounced to supposedly antioestrogenic substances like Danazol, and in severe disease. No coincidence of genetic CBG and TBG deficiencies have been found so far.
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PMID:Isolation, characterization and radioimmunoassay of corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) in human serum -- clinical significance and comparison to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG). 11

Direct immunodiffusion comparison with specific antisera demonstrated that all of the four pregnancy-associated plasma proteins (PAPPs) described in our laboratory are distinct from the pregnancy zone protein (von Schoultz); alpha2-pregnoglobulin (Berne); pregnancy-associated alpha2-glycoprotein (SP3) (Bohn); new serum alpha2-macroglobulin (Stimson); PAG (Horne); pregnancy-associated alpha2-globulin (Kasukawa); Pal (McLaren), and Xh protein (Dunston). All the latter proved to be immunologically idnetical to each other, and apparently represent the same protein described under different names. It was confirmed that none of the PAPPs is immunochemically related to placental alkaline phosphatase. PAPP-A, PAPP-C, and the pregnancy zone protein, but not HPL (PAPP-D), showed a decreased anodic mobility when treated with neuraminidase; their reactivities with antibody were essentially unaffected by the ezyme, however. Certain detergents had no effect on the immunological reactivities of the PAPPs and the pregnancy zone protein in whole plasma, while butanol and desoxycholate partially, and urea, SDS and cetylpyridinium largely inactivated them.
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PMID:Immunological comparison of various human pregnancy-associated plasma proteins. 16 2

The radioactive 125I-labelled neurotoxin of C. botulinum type A, when incubated with rat brain homogenate, is bound selectively to the synaptosome fraction. Intact toxin was liberated from the synaptosome fraction by treatment with Triton X-100, SDS, trypsin or neuraminidase.
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PMID:Binding of botulinum neurotoxin to the synaptosome fraction of rat brain. 18 22

Egg-grown Sendai virus was used for preparation of rabbit hyperimmune sera directed against purified whole virus and pronasetreated projectionless virus particles. These sera and convalescent sera after natural Sendai infection in guinea pigs were studied in haemolysis-inhibition (HLI), haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and neuraminidase-inhibition (NI) tests both before and after absorption with Tween 80-ether (TE) treated virus preparations. In addition, neutralization tests using the different sera were carried out. HI and NI antibodies and the major population of neutralizing antibodies in convalescent sera were removed by absorption with TE treated virus material without changing the titre of non-HI HLI antibodies. Rabbit hyperimmune sera directed against projectionless virus particles exhibited HLI antibody titres in marked excess of HI and NI antibody titres, whereas this was not found in sera against purified whole virus. In contrast, absorption of sera against projectionless particles eliminated HI antibodies without changing the titre of non-HI HLI antibodies. The protein composition of antigenic preparations used in absorption experiments and for preparation of sera was investigated by SDS-polyacryladmie-gel electrophoresis. TH treatment had no significant effect on the polypeptide pattern of Sendai virus. Pronase-treatment predominantly affected the two glycosylated proteins of Sendai virus. The larger glycoprotein was not detectable in pronasetreated projectionless virus particles, whereas the smaller glycoprotein was present in reduced quantities.
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PMID:Identification of paramyxovirus-specific haemolysis-inhibiting antibodies separate from haemagglutinating-inhibiting and neuraminidase-inhibiting antibodies. 1. Sendai virus haemolysis-inhibiting antibodies. 18 12

Synaptic membranes were isolated from the forebrains of rats of increasing postnatal ages. Developmentally related changes in the structure and concnetration of synaptic membrane glycoproteins were indicated by: (1) a 2--3 fold increase in glycoprotein sialic acid between 5 and 60 days; (2) a similar increase in the number of membrane receptors for the lectins concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin; (3) transient increases between 10 and 17 days in the receptors for lentil and castor bean lectins and (4) an age dependent stimulation of castor bean lectin binding by neuraminidase. Labelling of SDS polysacrylamide gels of synaptic membranes with [125I]concanavalin A or wheat germ agglutinin revealed specific, age dependent changes in the lectin binding properties of individual molecular weight classes of glycoproteins. Differences in the glycoproteins composition of synaptic junctional complexes isolated from 10 and 28-day-old brains were also revealed by lectin binding studies. The results indicate that the number and structure of oligosaccharides associated with synaptic membrane glycoproteins are under developmental regulation.
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PMID:Developmental alteration of rat brain synaptic membranes. Reaction of glycoproteins with plant lectins. 21 93


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