Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0272170 (SDS)
 50,377 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cytokeratin 8 (CK8) and cytokeratin 19 (CK19) is a specific cytoskeletal component of simple epithelia, including bronchial epithelial cells. We hypothesized that CK8 or CK19 released from epithelial cells may bind to and cause damage to extracellular matrixes through binding of anti-CK8 or anti-CK19 autoantibodies. In the present study, bindings of recombinant human CK8 and CK19 to laminin (both derived from mouse sarcoma cells and human), collagen, gelatin, and fibronectin were evaluated by a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, binding of CK19 to laminin was also confirmed by inhibition assay. As a result, CK19 strongly bound to mouse laminin as well as human laminin. Pretreatment with laminin significantly reduced the binding of CK19 to laminin. However, binding of recombinant CK19 to laminin was not demonstrated by Western immunoblot, suggesting that SDS treatment of laminin diminished the binding. These results suggest that released CK19 from epithelial cells may have played a role in the damage of basement membrane by accumulation of an immune complex composed by CK19 and anti-CK19 autoantibody.
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PMID:Binding of recombinant human cytokeratin 19 to laminin: a possible role in interaction between intermediate filament derived from epithelial cells and extracellular matrixes. 1098

Loxoscelism or necrotic arachnidism are terms used to describe lesions and reactions induced by bites (envenomation) from spiders of the genus Loxosceles. Envenomation has been reported to provoke dermonecrosis and haemorrhage at the bite site and haemolysis, disseminated intravascular coagulation and renal failure. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of the venom of the brown spider Loxosceles intermedia on basement membrane structures and on its major constituent molecules. Light microscopy observations showed that L. intermedia venom obtained through electric shock, which reproduces two major signals of Loxoscelism in the laboratory, exhibits activity toward basement membrane structures in mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma. Basement degradation was seen by a reduced periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and alcian blue staining as well as by a reduced immunostaining for laminin when compared to control experiments. Electron microscopy studies confirmed the above results, showing the action of the venom on EHS-basement membranes and demonstrating that these tissue structures are susceptible to the venom. Using purified components of the basement membrane, we determined through SDS-PAGE and agarose gel that the venom is not active toward laminin or type IV collagen, but is capable of cleaving entactin and endothelial heparan sulphate proteoglycan. In addition, when EHS tissue was incubated with venom we detected a release of laminin into the supernatant, corroborating the occurrence of some basement membrane disruption. The venom-degrading effect on entactin was blocked by 1, 10-phenanthroline, but not by other protease inhibitors such as PMSF, NEM or pepstatin-A. By using light microscopy associated with PAS staining we were able to identify that 1,10-phenanthroline also inhibits EHS-basement membrane disruption evoked by venom, corroborating that a metalloprotease of venom is involved in these effects. Degradation of these extracellular matrix molecules and the observed susceptibility of the basement membrane could lead to loss of vessel and glomerular integrity, resulting in haemorrhage and renal problems after envenomation.
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PMID:Effect of brown spider venom on basement membrane structures. 1098 3

A blood group B-specific lectin from the mushroom Marasmius oreades (MOA) was investigated with respect to its molecular structure and carbohydrate binding properties. SDS-PAGE mass spectrometric analysis showed it to consist of an intact (H; 33 kDa) and truncated (L; 23 kDa) subunit in addition to a small polypeptide (P; 10 kDa). Isolation in the presence of EDTA produced only the H subunits, indicating that the latter two are formed by metalloprotease cleavage of the intact H subunit. Tryptic digestion of the H, L, and P polypeptide chains followed by mass spectral analysis supports this view. The lectin strongly precipitated blood group type B substance, was nonreactive with type A substance, and reacted weakly with type H substance. Carbohydrate binding studies reveal a high affinity for Galalpha1,3Gal (but not for the isomeric alpha1,2-, alpha1,4-, and alpha1,6-disaccharides); Galalpha1,3Galbeta1,4GlcNAc; and the type B branched trisaccharide. MOA also reacts strongly with murine laminin from the Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm sarcoma and bovine thyroglobulin, both of which contain multiple Galalpha1,3Galbeta1,4GlcNAc end groups. This linear B trisaccharide is a component of porcine tissues and organs, preventing their transplantation into humans. MOA also shares carbohydrate recognition of this trisaccharide with toxin A elaborated by Clostridium difficile.
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PMID:The mushroom Marasmius oreades lectin is a blood group type B agglutinin that recognizes the Galalpha 1,3Gal and Galalpha 1,3Galbeta 1,4GlcNAc porcine xenotransplantation epitopes with high affinity. 1183 53

We investigated the mechanism of the enhancement of metastatic potential induced by transfection of the fyn gene, a member of the src family. We employed two murine fyn cDNA-transfected clones, ML-SN1 and ML-SN2, which were previously established from an ML-01 low-metastatic clone of Meth A sarcoma of BALB / c mice and were proven to have higher metastatic ability than ML-01 and the mock-transfected clone ML-MT-neo (Takayama et al., 1993). Our present investigation revealed that the two transfectants showed higher metastatic ability and higher rates of adherence to type IV collagen than ML-MT-neo. However, no difference was found in in vitro or in vivo growth rates, attachment to laminin or endothelial cells or cell motility through a reconstituted basement membrane. Analysis of surface membrane proteins labeled with (125)I on SDS-PAGE showed that a 29 kD band specifically bound to type IV collagen-coupled beads was more intense in ML-SN2 than in ML-MT-neo. Genistein, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, dramatically reduced protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activity of ML-SN2 in a dose-dependent fashion, corresponding to the reduction of adhesiveness to type IV collagen. The expression of the type IV collagen-binding protein (p29) of ML-SN2 was also reduced significantly by genistein treatment. These results suggested that the fyn product in Meth A cells augments the expression of a type IV collagen-binding protein through elevation of the PTK activity of the membrane fraction and thus facilitates the metastasis of Meth A.
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PMID:Enhanced expression of type IV collagen-binding protein (p29) in Fyn-transfected murine fibrosarcoma cells. 1241 38

Secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC) is a CC chemokine that plays an important role in leukocytes homing to lymphoid tissues. The ability of SLC to co-localize both T cells and dendritic cells formed the rationale to evaluate its utility in cancer immunotherapy. The in vivo antitumor effect of murine SLC (mSLC) has been well documented, but little is known about that of human SLC (hSLC). To investigate the antitumor efficiency in vivo of hSLC, the hSLC gene was artificially synthesized and induced to express as a soluble form in Escherichia coli. After purification, the purity of the recombinant human SLC (rhSLC) protein was above 95% by SDS-PAGE analysis. The K(d) of rhSLC binding to peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) was 0.2186 +/- 0.02675 microM as assessed by FACS, and the maximal chemotactic index of rhSLC was 9.49 at 100 nM as assessed by in vitro chemotaxis assay. Then genomic sequences of hSLC and mSLC, and of human CCR7 (hCCR7) and murine CCR7 (mCCR7), the receptor for SLC, were aligned. It was found that hSLC and mSLC share 70.72% identity and hCCR7 and mCCR7share 86.77% identity. Furthermore, we found that rhSLC could chemoattract murine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro. On the basis of these facts, immune competent mice inoculated with S180 sarcoma cells were chosen as an in vivo model. Intratumoral injections of rhSLC inhibited tumor growth and increased survival. These findings suggest that, despite its incapability to bind to either human or murine CXCR3, which is related to angiostasis, rhSLC can induce an antitumor response in vivo by another route. This report proves that rhSLC has a potent tumor-inhibition ability that makes it a promising candidate agent in cancer immunotherapy.
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PMID:Soluble expression of recombinant human secondary lymphoid chemokine (SLC) in E. coli and research on its in vitro and in vivo bioactivity. 1567 87

Stem bromelain (EC 3.4.22.32) is a major cysteine proteinase, isolated from pineapple ( Ananas comosus) stem. Its main medicinal use is recognized as digestive, in vaccine formulation, antitumoral and skin debrider for the treatment of burns. To verify the identity of the principle in stem fractions responsible for the antitumoral effect, we isolated bromelain to probe its pharmacological effects. The isolated bromelain was obtained from stems of adult pineapple plants by buffered aqueous extraction and cationic chromatography. The homogeneity of bromelain was confirmed by reverse phase HPLC, SDS-PAGE and N-terminal sequencing. The in vivo antitumoral/antileukemic activity was evaluated using the following panel of tumor lines: P-388 leukemia, sarcoma (S-37), Ehrlich ascitic tumor (EAT), Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC), MB-F10 melanoma and ADC-755 mammary adenocarcinoma. Intraperitoneal administration of bromelain (1, 12.5, 25 mg/kg), began 24 h after tumor cell inoculation in experiments in which 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, 20 mg/kg) was used as positive control. The antitumoral activity was assessed by the survival increase (% survival index) following various treatments. With the exception of MB-F10 melanoma, all other tumor-bearing animals had a significantly increased survival index after bromelain treatment. The largest increase ( approximately 318 %) was attained in mice bearing EAT ascites and receiving 12.5 mg/kg of bromelain. This antitumoral effect was superior to that of 5-FU, whose survival index was approximately 263 %, relative to the untreated control. Bromelain significantly reduced the number of lung metastasis induced by LLC transplantation, as observed with 5-FU. The antitumoral activity of bromelain against S-37 and EAT, which are tumor models sensitive to immune system mediators, and the unchanged tumor progression in the metastatic model suggests that the antimetastatic action results from a mechanism independent of the primary antitumoral effect.
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PMID:In vivo antitumoral activity of stem pineapple (Ananas comosus) bromelain. 1789 36


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