Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0268896 (seminal vesicles)
 3,375 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the present study, endocrine-pharmacological profiles of new aldosterone antagonists, 15 beta,16 beta-methylenemexrenone (ZK 91587), delta 1-15 beta,16 beta-methylene-spironolactone (mespirenone, ZK 94679) and 7 alpha-thiomethyl analogue of mespirenone (ZK 97894) were characterized in comparing them with those of spironolactone. The results obtained indicate that all three compounds are distinctly less antiandrogenic than spironolactone in inhibiting the testosterone-induced organ growth of seminal vesicles and prostates in orchidectomized rats. The weak antiandrogenic activity of ZK 91587 and mespirenone is also manifested in the intrauterine feminizing effect on rat male foetuses. The in vitro study demonstrates that spironolactone and mespirenone inhibit the human chorionic gonadotropin-stimulated testosterone biosynthesis by rat testis cells, but that ZK 91587 and ZK 97894 have no appreciable effect on it. By contrast, the luteinizing hormone (LH)-dependent testosterone biosynthesis by mouse Leydig's cells is suppressed by ZK 97894, but not by spironolactone, mespirenone or ZK 91587. Mespirenone and spironolactone, given subcutaneously, show the same progestogenic potency in estrogen-primed ovariectomized rabbits. ZK 91587 and ZK 97894 are, however, less progestogenic than spironolactone, when administered subcutaneously. On oral administration, mespirenone and ZK 97894 show 2 to 3 times the progestogenic potency of spironolactone. Mesporenone causes a decrease in the serum testosterone and LH levels in cynomolgus monkeys and is about 2 times as potent as spironolactone. These results suggest that mespirenone seems to be a suitable candidate for development as a clinically useful aldosterone antagonist.
Arzneimittelforschung 1988 Dec
PMID:Experimental studies on the endocrine side effects of new aldosterone antagonists. 324 52

In male Syrian hamsters, seasonal transitions between reproductive activity and quiescence are accompanied by major alterations in testicular binding of LH/hCG and PRL. These alterations are believed to be due to the photoperiod-induced changes in PRL secretion, but other adenohypophyseal hormones appear to be involved as well. To elucidate the role of LH and FSH in the control of testicular LH/hCG and PRL receptors, we have examined the consequences of selective suppression of gonadotropin release by immunoneutralization of endogenous LHRH. In adult Syrian hamsters, four weekly injections of LHRH antiserum produced significant reductions in plasma levels of LH, FSH, and testosterone and in the weights of the testes and the seminal vesicles; no change in plasma PRL; and a significant reduction in the total content (femtomoles per testis) of testicular LH/hCG and PRL receptors. The concentration of LH/hCG receptors (femtomoles per mg protein) was significantly increased. In adult males of another seasonally breeding species, the Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus), four weekly injections of LHRH antiserum produced suppression of plasma LH and FSH, no change in plasma PRL, a reduction in the weights of the testes and the seminal vesicles, an increase in the concentration of testicular LH/hCG receptors, and a decrease in their total content. Alterations in testicular LH and PRL binding induced by treatment with LHRH antiserum in the present study were qualitatively similar to changes induced by exposure to short photoperiod or by treatment with bromocriptine. We conclude that gonadotropins normally participate in the regulation of testicular LH/hCG and PRL receptors in the Syrian hamster and LH/hCG receptors in the Djungarian hamster. Seasonal changes in the content of LH/hCG and PRL receptors in the testes appear to be due to photoperiod-induced alterations in the secretion of both PRL and gonadotropins.
Endocrinology 1987 Dec
PMID:Effects of immunoneutralization of luteinizing hormone (LH)-releasing hormone on testicular prolactin and LH receptors in the golden hamster and on LH receptors in the Djungarian hamster. 331 33

Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis was carried out to identify steroids and steroid glucuronides in the seminal vesicle fluid of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, collected in the Hula nature reserve (Israel) during the breeding season. Full mass spectra of 5 beta-pregnane-3 alpha, 17 alpha-diol-20-one and cholesterol were obtained. After treatment with beta-glucuronidase the following steroid glucuronides were determined by full mass spectra of the corresponding free steroids: etiocholanolone, 5 beta-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol-11-one, 5 beta-pregnane-3 alpha, 17 alpha-diol-20-one, and cholesterol. Furthermore, after selected ion monitoring the following steroids and steroid glucuronides could be detected by the presence of at least two characteristic ions at the expected retention time: 5 beta-androstane-3 beta, 17 beta-diol, 5 beta-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol, etiocholanolone, 5 beta-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol-11-one, testosterone, 5 beta-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol-glucuronide, and testosterone-glucuronide. These results agree with the hypothesis that steroid glucuronides, synthesized by the seminal vesicles, are excreted with the seminal vesicle fluid into the external environment, where they might function as sex pheromones.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1987 Dec
PMID:Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of steroids and steroid glucuronides in the seminal vesicle fluid of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. 343 14

A continuous sampling model of the fluid excreted from the unilateral seminal vesicle was devised in the rat. Each 12 hr change in the volume was measured in 14 sexually mature male rats by use of tubing. If we assume the excretion of a small volume (less than 4 microliters) as the resting level, 3 of 14 rats showed only the resting level. The excretion of a large volume was sometimes observed in the 11 other rats both in daytime and nighttime. This model would be promising for investigations of the seminal vesicles from new aspects.
Tohoku J Exp Med 1987 Dec
PMID:A continuous sampling model of the seminal vesicle fluid in rat. 344 30

Administration of large doses of cimetidine for 45 days to rats decreases the weight of the prostate and seminal vesicles without affecting the testicles. The decrease in weight is due to a marked regression in the prostate of both epithelial and stromal tissue. Treatment with cimetidine also causes an increase in the plasma testosterone level without modifying the plasma values of LH and prolactin. The mechanism of action of cimetidine is discussed. In presence of high levels of testosterone, cimetidine depresses structures such as the prostate and seminal vesicles, which are sensitive to androgens, but does not depress the weight or change the histology profile of the testicles, which are also rich in androgen receptors. Perhaps cimetidine binds to androgen receptors differently in the prostate and in the testicles because of differences in receptor structure or more probably, cimetidine interacts with zinc metal ion essential to prostate growth and androgen action by lowering zinc prostatic levels and consequently depresses the prostatic weight.
Agents Actions 1987 Dec
PMID:Antiprostatic effect of cimetidine in rats. 344 15

Recent concepts on prostate anatomy are first emphasized. The sonographic approaches to the prostate and the seminal vesicles are then described. They are the external suprapubic and transperineal and the transrectal and transurethral approaches. The most detailed images were obtained with transrectal sonography by using a radial then a linear-array probe. The various views of the prostate and seminal vesicles are shown according to the approach and scan orientation. Their advantages and drawbacks are discussed. Our routine protocol includes suprapubic, transperineal and transrectal scanning with a radial and a linear-array probe. Linear-array probes also allow the voiding study of the bladder neck and prostatic urethra.
Ultrasound Med Biol 1986 Dec
PMID:Normal US anatomy of the prostate. 354 83

Human ejaculates were divided into 3 groups (I, II and III) according to the extent of their coagulation and the levels of free choline and cholinesterase were determined together with seminal vesicular N-acetylamino sugar and prostatic (zinc) marker components. Coagulation was determined as the percent coagulum (CG) at 5 min after ejaculation. The mean (+/- SEM) values for CG at 5 min in groups I, II and III were 6 +/- 2, 43 +/- 4 and 79 +/- 2, respectively. The time for 100% liquefaction in the 3 groups were 4.7 +/- 0.8, 12.9 +/- 1.4 and 19.1 +/- 2.1 min, respectively. Group III had significantly higher levels of choline and cholinesterase activity than groups I and II. The choline level was correlated significantly (r = 0.58) with the concentration of N-acetylamino sugar, but there was no correlation with the level of zinc. Evaluation of the level of choline in prostatic fluid, in semen from azoospermic men and in ejaculates with different CG values suggested that the level of choline may provide valuable information about activity of the seminal vesicles. Release of choline in group I was only 33 and 50% of that groups III and II, respectively. 60% of the total release of choline occurred during the liquefaction phase. The mean activity of cholinesterase in the prostate was only 27% lower than that found in seminal plasma. The liquefaction time and the concentration of choline, N-acetylamino sugar and zinc decreased significantly in ejaculates after 2 days of abstinence.
Int J Androl 1986 Dec
PMID:Grouping of human ejaculates according to the degree of coagulation and the relationship to the levels of choline and cholinesterase. 357 May 33

Dipeptidyl peptidases (DPP) I-IV were analysed in homogenates of bovine reproductive organs as well as in seminal vesicle secretions and seminal plasma. The presence of various molecular forms of these enzymes was studied by fractionation using gel filtration, anion exchange chromatography and chromatofocusing. The eluting enzymes were pooled, and their biochemical properties were briefly characterized. The histochemical localization of DPP II and IV was carried out with the most active tissues. DPP I and III were absent from seminal plasma, but their highest activity was found in the epididymis and increased during sexual maturation. DPP II was found mainly in a single molecular form and displayed a wide distribution in the reproductive organs. Its activity in seminal plasma may be derived from various organs, although the major sources are probably the apical activity in the epididymis, ampulla and seminal vesicle. DPP IV activity was high in the cauda epididymis, and ampulla, and in the seminal vesicles and their secretions. The high activity of DPP IV in seminal plasma appeared to derive from these organs, which showed a strong apical reaction of the epithelial lining. In seminal vesicles the enzyme was mainly secreted attached to membrane particles called vesiculosomes.
Int J Androl 1986 Dec
PMID:Dipeptidyl peptidases in bovine reproductive organs and secretions. 357 May 34

The technique for radical cystoprostatectomy has been modified to avoid injury to the branches of the pelvic plexus that innervate the corpora cavernosa. Although the course of the neurovascular bundles in the region of the prostate and urethra has been well charted, the exact relationship of the cavernous nerves to the seminal vesicles and bladder has remained unclear. In an effort to delineate this anatomy more clearly, detailed anatomical dissections were performed on 9 male human cadavers. This study demonstrated that the pelvic plexus is located retroperitoneally on the lateral wall of the rectum 5 to 11 cm. from the anal verge with its midpoint related to the tip of the seminal vesicle. The cavernous branches travel in a direct route from the pelvic plexus toward the posterolateral base of the prostate, gradually coalescing from a group of fibers approximately 12 mm. wide to a more organized bundle approximately 6 mm. wide at the level of the prostate. Because the bulk of the pelvic plexus and its important branches are located lateral and posterior to the seminal vesicles, the seminal vesicles can be used as a landmark intraoperatively to avoid injury to the pelvic plexus when ligating the posterior pedicle. During the last 5 years 25 men have undergone radical cystoprostatectomy. Pathological evaluation of all specimens demonstrated negative surgical margins and no patient has had locally recurrent tumor. Of the patients undergoing cystectomy alone 83 per cent are potent. Although all patients undergoing urethrectomy were able to have erections postoperatively, only 40 per cent have erections that are sufficient for intercourse. These data indicate that to date it is possible to perform radical cystoprostatectomy with preservation of sexual function in the majority of patients without compromise to the curative aspects of the radical operation.
J Urol 1987 Dec
PMID:Neuroanatomical approach to radical cystoprostatectomy with preservation of sexual function. 368 67

Pregnant rats were treated, daily, with either 10, 50 or 100 mg/kg of phenytoin-Na from day 17 of gestation through postpartum day 7. The male and female offspring exposed to the 2 higher doses of phenytoin had smaller body weights at birth than the diluent-treated rats, and this subnormal body weight gain persisted throughout the life of the affected animals. In contrast, the anticonvulsant produced no adverse effects on the developmental profile of serum androstenedione, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone or estrous cyclicity in the exposed male and female offspring, respectively. In spite of the normal concentrations of serum androgens, the seminal vesicles of the adult rats exposed to the 50 and 100 mg/kg doses of phenytoin were significantly smaller than the diluent-treated males.
Toxicol Lett 1987 Dec
PMID:Developmental profile of serum androgens and estrous cyclicity of male and female rats exposed, perinatally, to maternally administered phenytoin. 368 46


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