Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0268596 (EMA)
 2,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human primordial germ cells (PGCs) have proven to be a source of pluripotent stem cells called embryonic germ cells (EGCs). However, the developmental potency of these cells in the fetal gonad still remains elusive. Thus, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of pluripotent and germ cell marker expression in human fetal testis 7-15 weeks postfertilization (pF) and compares this expression to their ability to derive EGCs. Although the majority of germ cells expressed stem cell markers stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA) 1, SSEA4, EMA-1, and alkaline phosphatase, only a small percentage of those (<1%) expressed OCT4, CKIT, and NANOG. Specifically, the number of OCT4(+)/CKIT(+)/NANOG(+) cells significantly increased in the developing cords during weeks 7-9, followed by a gradual decline into week 15 pF. By week 15 pF, the remaining OCT4(+)/CKIT(+)/NANOG(+) cells were found in the cords surrounding the periphery of the testis, and the predominant germ cells, CKIT(+) cells, no longer expressed OCT4 or NANOG. Based on morphology and early germ cell marker expression, including VASA, PUM2, and DAZL, we suggest these cells are mitotically active gonocytes or prespermatogonia. Importantly, the number of OCT4(+) cells correlated with an increase in the number of EGC colonies derived in culture. Interestingly, two pluripotent markers, Tra-1-60 and Tra-1-81, although highly expressed in EGCs, were not expressed by PGCs in the gonad. Together, these results suggest that PGCs maintain expression of pluripotent stem cell markers during and after sexual differentiation of the gonad, albeit in very low numbers.
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PMID:Expression of pluripotent stem cell markers in the human fetal testis. 1802 20

Intrathyroid thymic carcinoma (ITCA) is a rare neoplasm of the thyroid gland, that is difficult to diagnose because of its complex pathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics. Here, we report two cases that may provide a better understanding of this disease. Case 1 is a 30-year-old man, and Case 2 is a 42-year-old man. The two cases showed an irregular solid thyroid mass on sonography. Histological examination revealed the solid growth of epithelial cells separated by bands of dense, hyalinized, and fibrous stroma. Tumor cells were positive for the expression of CD5, HMWK, CK19, CK5/6, CK7, EMA, CD117, p63, Bcl-2, and NANOG. It is noteworthy that the neuroendocrine markers Syn, NSE, and CgA were also observed. In Case 1, chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy, chest CT showed lung metastasis 4 months after resection. The patient was alive as of postoperative follow up lasting 46 months. Radical operation combined with radiotherapy was performed in case 2, and the patient was alive as of follow-up lasting 42 months.
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PMID:Intrathyroid thymic carcinoma: report of two cases with pathologic and immunohistochemical studies. 3194 93