Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0268596 (EMA)
 2,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chondrosarcomas are malignant cartilage-forming tumors that represent the second most common malignant solid tumor of bone. These biologically poorly understood neoplasms vary considerably in clinical presentation and biologic behavior. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are generally ineffective. Here we describe the establishment and characterization of a new human chondrosarcoma cell line named ch-2879, and we compare the cell line with its tumor of origin. The cell line was established from a recurrent grade 3 chondrosarcoma of the chest wall and characterized by growth kinetics and morphologic studies. Immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR were performed to examine the expression of cartilage-specific phenotypes. Genetic characterization was performed using cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization, flow cytometry, and molecular techniques for analysis of the genes implicated in cell cycle control, amplification of MDM2, CDK4, and Cyclin D1, and mutations in the p53 gene. ch-2879 cells were subcultured for more than 80 passages. They expressed vimentin, HNK-1, HBA-71, Ki-67, cyclin D1, Fli-1, S-100, p21, p27, and p53 and were negative for cytokeratin, EMA, p14, p16, MDM2, Rb, and c-erb-b2 antigens. Cytogenetically the recurrent tumor showed a hyperhaploid karyotype with clonal numerical and structural abnormalities. The sole structural abnormality was a chromosome derivative of a t(1;21) translocation. The cell line at passage 3 showed two populations: the hyperhaploid and an exactly duplicated, hypotriploid population. After the 18th passage, only the hypotriploid population was present. The cells expressed collagen 2. Molecular comparison of the primary and recurrent tumor evidenced an in vivo molecular change consisting of a deletion of 9p21 genes in the recurrence, probably caused by a selection process. Because of its gene expression profile, including expression of genes implicated in chondrogenesis in uncoated plastic dishes, this cell line may prove useful for cellular and molecular studies as well as studies of chondrosarcoma characterization and treatment.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of a continuous human chondrosarcoma cell line, ch-2879: comparative histologic and genetic studies with its tumor of origin. 1280 23

Multidirectional differentiation of neoplastic cells in uterine MMT is still a subject of controversy. The present study was designed to assess the immunophenotype of 15 uterine MMT paying special attention to the markers of neural (neuroendocrine) differentiation. In addition, the same immunohistochemical study was performed on 20 human fetal specimens in order to establish possible relationships between the immunophenotype of MMT and the expression of the corresponding antigens in the fetal tissues of the embryonal female genital tract. Besides the typical immunohistochemical patterns in three cases the epithelial component showed simultaneous coexpression of vimentin and desmin. EMA and cytokeratin, whereas epithelial markers were coexpressed with vimentin in the sarcomatous component of one adenosarcoma. Moreover, both components were immunoreactive to the markers of neural differentiation (PGP 9.5, GFAP, HNK-1, N-CAM, HBA71). This aberrant expression was not correlated with morphological signs of neural differentiation at either light microscopy or ultrastructural levels. Regarding the analysis of fetal tissues, both epithelial and mesenchymal elements in the fetal genital tract expressed the above-mentioned neural markers at different dates of gestation. The intensity of this expression diminishes as the fetus matures and at the end of antenatal life the immunophenotype characteristic for adult life is established. Taking into consideration the capacity of uterine tissue to reproduce embryonal phenotype during neoplastic transformation, we studied this abnormal immunoprofile and its hypothetic value for the diagnosis and prognosis of MMT.
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PMID:Neuroectodermal immunophenotype in uterine malignant mullerian tumors (MMT): comparative immunohistochemical analysis with embryonal uterine development. 1505 66