Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0268596 (EMA)
 2,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Immunoreactivity with monoclonal antibodies against epithelial membrane antigen, vimentin, keratin-squamous epithelium, keratin-nonsquamous epithelium and with polyclonal antibodies against keratin, involucrin, S-100 protein, desmin and varies; is directly proportional to-1 antitrypsin was done in 30 pleural and peritoneal effusion fluids; 15 each of benign and malignant origin using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) technique to differentiate between the mesothelial cells and the adenocarcinoma cells. In the present study we have demonstrated that desmin and S-100 protein are distributed in the cancer cells and the mesothelial cells of the effusion fluids. Neither EMA nor keratin has the specific reactive pattern which could lead to the differentiation of the mesothelial cells from the cancer cells, but vimentin and keratin could be used for the diagnosis of the mesothelial cells since they had maximum reactivities compared to the cancer cells.
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PMID:Role of immunoperoxidase staining in serous effusions. 816 32

In this paper are presented the results of immunohistochemical study of 52 cardiac myxomas, including 2 with glandular structures, and the histogenesis of cardiac myxoma is discussed. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that in all these cases, myxoma cells were positive for vimentin and negative for factor VIII, desmin and actin. In 5 cases, myxoma cells were positive for S-100 protein. The 2 cases with glandular structure were positive for CEA, EMA and Cytokeratin. Histochemical staining showed that PAS AB (pH 1.0), PAS AB (pH 2.5) and HID AB were positive with the glandular elements. The results suggest that cardiac myxomas may be derived from "embryonal rests" and that the glandular structure may originate from entrapped primitive gut rests.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical study and evaluation of histogenesis of cardiac myxoma]. 816 89

48 cases of osteosarcoma, including 18 cases of osteoblastic type, 16 of fibroblastic type and 14 of chondroblastic type, were studied in accordance with Dahlin's classification. All specimens were stained with 11 specific markers using immunohistochemical ABC methods. Positive immunostaining for BMP was found in all of these cases. The results showed 48 vimentin positive cases, 46 actin positive cases, 5 keratin positive cases and 4 desmin positive cases. Neither cytokeratin nor EMA was identified in any of the cases. Positive reactions to S-100 protein, collagen type IV, UEA-1 and factor XIII were observed in 26, 20, 36 and 13 of the cases respectively. The results of this study confirm that osteosarcoma possesses the unique multidirectional differentiation potential toward osteoblastic, chondroblastic, myofibroblastic, fibrohistiocytic and epithelial cells, and also indicate that immunophenotypic analysis is useful for the diagnosis, differential diagnosis and classification of the tumor cells of osteosarcoma.
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PMID:[Osteosarcoma cell immunophenotype and heterogeneity]. 816 96

The clinical, histological and immunohistochemical features of three cases of ovarian mixed mesodermal tumor (MMT) were examined. The epithelial component was serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma in case 1 and 3, and endometrioid adenocarcinoma in case 2. In case 1, undifferentiated adenocarcinoma was also seen. The mesenchymal component was fibrosarcomatous and chondrosarcomatous in case 1 and 2. In case 3, only fibrosarcomatous area was seen. No endometriosis was observed. Immunohistochemically, the epithelial component showed positivity for epithelial membrane antigen in all three cases. S-100 protein was positive in two cases with chondrosarcomatous differentiation. The fibrosarcomatous area showed positivity for vimentin in all three cases. However desmin, myosin and myoglobin were negative. The antibodies thought to be epithelial or mesenchymal markers unexpectedly reacted positively in some cells; for example, EMA was positive in fibrosarcomatous and chondrosarcomatous cells. Therefore, it was speculated that because the undifferentiated tumor cells had a biphasic character, MMT might originate from immature multipotential cells of surface epithelium and subcapsular connective tissue of the ovary.
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PMID:Mixed mesodermal tumor of the ovary: immunohistochemical study with histogenetic consideration. 831 Aug 30

An ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with sarcoma-appearing solid mural nodules in an 18-year-old Japanese woman is reported. Right ovarian cyst had two poorly circumscribed, solid nodules and several tiny studs. Microscopically, the epithelial elements consisted of benign, low malignant potential and malignant mucinous tumors. The mural nodules were made up of highly malignant anaplastic cells simulating sarcoma. In one of the mural nodules, continuity between the malignant mucinous cells and sarcoma-appearing cells was identified. Immunohistochemically, the sarcoma-appearing nodule was uniformly positive for vimentin and focally positive for epithelial markers such as EMA, CAM5.2, and AE1/AE3. This case demonstrated an orderly transformation and dedifferentiation of epithelial cells to undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. Although she had stage IIb disease, she lived disease free for 3 years and 5 months after surgery followed by 10 courses of chemotherapy containing cisplatin and Adriamycin.
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PMID:Ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with sarcoma-appearing mural nodule of anaplastic carcinoma. 837 41

Papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis is an uncommon benign lesion that may occur sporadically or as a manifestation of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. Neither immunohistochemical studies nor molecular genetic analyses of the VHL gene have been reported previously for this lesion. The authors describe two cases of clear cell papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis, both of which were initially confused with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Both lesions showed positive immunohistochemical staining for low and intermediate molecular weight keratins (Cam 5.2 and AE1/AE3), EMA, vimentin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin. Each was negative for CEA. Because clear cell papillary cystadenoma is similar to renal cell carcinoma histologically, and because both occur as components of the von Hippel-Lindau disease complex, the authors analyzed both cases for the presence of mutations in the VHL gene. A somatic VHL gene mutation was detected in one of the two tumors by polymerase chain reaction followed by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. Direct sequencing revealed a cytosine to thymine transition at nucleotide 694, resulting in the replacement of an arginine with a stop codon after the sixth amino acid of exon 3. As the VHL gene is believed to function as a tumor suppressor gene, VHL gene mutations may play a role in the initiation of tumorigenesis in sporadic cystadenomas of the epididymis.
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PMID:Somatic von Hippel-Lindau mutation in clear cell papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis. 852 7

A case of parachordoma in a 45-year-old female was described. Histologically, the recurrent lesion, in comparison with the primary tumor, demonstrated an increased cellular atypia and mitotic rate. The tumor cells expressed EMA, vimentin, S 100 protein, and also a trace desmin content was present. Electron microscopic study provided no characteristic features of the tumor type studied. Flow cytometric evaluation of the DNA demonstrated a diploid histogram with the relatively high S-phase. Cytogenetic analysis revealed normal karyotype, but a deviation from the diploid state in the form of aneuploid metaphases with non-clonal structural chromosomal aberrations was observed.
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PMID:Parachordoma--a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, electron microscopic, flow cytometric, and cytogenetic study. 854 7

Uterine tumors resembling sex-cord ovarian structures are exceptionally rare. Clement and Scully divided them into two groups. The first group includes cases with less than 50% and the second with more than 50% sex-cord elements. Group one tumors show a higher incidence of recurrences. We report a case of a 54-year-old women with a partly retroperitoneal, cystic tumor 7.6.6 cm. Histologically, sex-cord differentiation of more than 50% was seen with positive immunostaining against vimentin, desmin and focally against myoglobin and cytokeratines. The reaction against EMA, CEA and S 100 was negative. The patient was treated by abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oovorectomy. She shows no evidence of disease 2.3 years after the initial surgery. Based on the light microscopic features and immunohistochemical pattern, the tumor was interpreted as arising from the endometrial stromal cells or multipotential uterine mesenchyme that showed diverse differentiation toward ovarian sex-cord stroma and uterine smooth muscle with interspersed stromal cell clusters.
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PMID:[Uterine stromal tumor with ovarian sex cord differentiation]. 857 May 62

A 25-year-old patient with a rapidly growing sarcomatoid carcinoma of the urinary bladder is reported. The diagnosis was made on the basis of extended atypical proliferations of spindle or pleomorphic cells in the area of pelvic floor and the radix of the penis. The tumor showed invasion of the blood and a high Ki-67 growth fraction up to 40%. Immunohistochemically, the reactions with antibodies against cytokeratin, EMA, and vimentin were positive, while negative results were obtained in reactions with antibodies against desmin, actin, PSA, S 100, human epithelial antigen (Ber-EP4), and cytokeratin 13. The differential diagnosis against myosarcomas, pseudosarcomatous lesions, and inflammatory pseudotumours is discussed. After radical surgery a pelvic recurrence and pulmonary metastases developed, which led to the patient's death 3 months later. This case shows that sarcomatoid carcinomas of the urinary bladder can be found even in young people.
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PMID:[Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the bladder in a 25-year-old man]. 857 May 63

A case of sacrococcygeal chordoma in a 9-year-old boy is presented. The symptoms at presentation were pain in both legs and sacrococcygeal region for the last two years that increased in the last four weeks irradiating mainly to the left leg. X-ray and CT scan examinations of the lumbar region revealed an expansive process in the coccygeal region with multiple calcifications and a partially eroded coccyx. There was no invasion of the retroperitoneum and regional lymph nodes. A biopsy was performed and showed cords and nests of cells with large cytoplasm, sometimes vacuolated, nuclei with moderate pleomorphism and clumped chromatin. Immunohistochemistry with avidin-biotin peroxidase technique showed positivity for CK, S-100 protein, CEA, vimentin and to EMA. Chordomas are a distinctly uncommon neoplasm in the first two decades of life, specially in the sacrococcygeal region. They have an aggressive behavior. Treatment of choice is complete resection.
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PMID:Sacrococcygeal chordoma in a 9-year-old boy. 858 26


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