Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0268596 (EMA)
 2,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this study was to examine and understand the nature of capsules consisted of fifty cases of unerupted wisdom teeth using radiological, pathological and immunohistochemical methods. Radiologically, the pericoronal space was measured with slide caliper and divided into three groups (-0.9 mm, 1.0-1.9 mm, 2.0mm). Pathologically, all specimens were examined by the routine paraffin method and were stained with hematoxylin.eosin and PAS-alcian blue pH 2.5 stainings. Immunohistochemically, PAP (peroxidase-antiperoxidase) method using various keratin antibodies, such as, anti-keratin K 528 (40-68 KD), anti-cytokeratin PKK 1 (40, 45, 52.5 KD), anti-cytokeratin PKK 2 (40, 46, 48, 54 KD), anti-keratin A 575 (56, 64 KD) and anti-cytokeratin high molecular weight (68 KD), and other various antibodies of anti-EMA, anti-IgA and anti-SC was used in order to study the nature of the epithelium of capsule of impacted teeth. The following results were obtained; 1. Radiologically, the width of the capsules was 1.6 mm in the average. Histopathologically, the inner surface of the capsule was covered with two types of epithelium which were composed of non-typical epithelium with cuboidal (basal layer) and columnar (superficial layer) cells, and typical stratified squamous epithelium. The epithelium lining was observed in 74% of all cases. Among the cases, cyst like structure was more often seen in the cases with typical squamous epithelial lining and with pericoronal space more than 1.0 mm width. 2. In the connective tissue's findings of capsules of impacted teeth, fibrosis was found in almost all the cases. Inflammatory and myxomatous changes were recognized in ca. half cases. Epithelial rest and calcification with dystrophy and epithelial product were observed in about one third of the cases. The epithelial proliferation in the capsule was also rarely seen in the specimens. 3. Immunohistochemically, keratins of 56 KD and 64 KD were identified in the superficial layer of non-typical epithelium and basal, intermediate and superficial layers of the typical squamous epithelium of the capsules of imparted teeth. Keratin of 68 KD was only observed in superficial layer of squamous epithelium. 4. Epithelial membrane antigen was positive in the intermediate and superficial layers of typical squamous cell epithelium. However, it was not seen in the non-typical epithelium of capsule of impacted teeth. 5. Immunoglobulin A and secretory component were negative in the epithelia of capsules.
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PMID:[A pathological and histochemical study of capsules of impacted teeth with special reference to keratin immunohistochemistry in the lining epithelium]. 172 53

A recent report has demonstrated that the avidin-biotin-peroxidase (ABP) technique can successfully be used on previously stained histologic sections without the loss of sensitivity. In this study the tissues had been microwave fixed and only H & E stained sections were used. This procedure was tested on formalin-fixed tissues previously stained with H & E, PAS and van Gieson. Stained sections were prepared from selected blocks used as controls. One week after staining the sections were decolorized and together with the unstained control sections were restained with the ABP technique using IgA, IgD, IgE, IgM, kappa and lambda light chains, S100, EMA, LCA, amylase and PCK antisera. Demonstration of the tissue antigens was best with the previously stained H & E slides with little or no loss in sensitivity. Variable results were obtained with the PAS and van Gieson slides, the loss of sensitivity varying from none to complete.
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PMID:Use of the avidin-biotin-peroxidase immunostaining technique on previously stained histologic sections. 247 13

As some tumors metastasize frequently to marrow we modified the clonogenic assay for human tumor cell growth by culturing tumor cells in the presence of human bone marrow stromal cells. In a bilayer soft agar assay, human tumor cells which had been passaged in nude mice were plated in the agar overlayer on an underlayer containing a suspension of trypsinized human bone marrow stromal cells. These marrow stromal cells stimulated the growth of tumor cells in a dose-dependent fashion, with a growth peak at a stromal cell density of 5-10 x 10(5)/ml. The maximal stimulation of tumour cell growth was 13-fold. We evaluated clonal growth of six separate tumors of five different histological types (small and large cell bronchogenic carcinoma; mammary carcinoma; malignant melanoma; pleural mesothelioma) and demonstrated that in 9 of 11 experiments tumor cell colonies formed in the absence of stromal cells, but colony growth was markedly stimulated by stromal cells in every case. Stromal stimulation persisted after irradiation of the stromal cells with 10 Gy. Growth of five fresh human tumor samples was similarly stimulated by the presence of human bone marrow stromal cells. Tumor cell colonies were characterized morphologically by Pappenheim stain and immunologically for surface antigens by peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunostaining utilizing monoclonal antibodies (carcinoembryonic antigen 26/3/13 and 26/5/1, EMA, HEA125, Sam 2 and Sam 10) which detected epithelial cell antigens. Colonies consisted of cytologically malignant cells which expressed epithelial cell antigens. Thus, the tumor cell origin of colonies from mammary carcinoma and bronchogenic small cell, large cell, and adenocarcinoma was proven. This tumor stem cell assay permits further analyses of human tumor cell biology and may be useful for testing drug sensitivity.
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PMID:Effects of human bone marrow stroma on the growth of human tumor cells. 291 45

The expression of surface antigens on human type II pneumocytes is unknown but may be important in diagnostic cytology of bronchoalveolar lavage specimens. Thus, the immunocytochemical reactivity of isolated human type II pneumocytes was determined using a panel of commercially available monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Type II pneumocytes were isolated from fresh human lung tissue obtained from surgical specimens (four non-smokers, six heavy smokers) after enzymatic digestion with dispase and subsequent discontinuous metrizamide gradient centrifugation. MAbs OKIa; EMA; OKT9; BMA 130a, b and c; EP4; TAG 72; HEA 125; and Leu M1 were studied using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase adhesive slide assay method. In all cases, type II pneumocytes reacted positively with OKIa, BMA 130a, BMA 130b, EMA, EP4, TAG 72 and HEA 125 and negatively with OKT9, BMA 130c and Leu M1. The percentage of positively reacting type II pneumocytes was 90 for OKIa, HEA 125 and EP4; 80 for EMA; 50 for TAG 72 and BMA 130a; and 5 for BMA 130b. Human type II pneumocytes share the expression of several antigens with epithelial tumor cells. This limits the usefulness of these markers with respect to differentiating between reactive type II pneumocytes and malignant cells.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical characterization of isolated human type II pneumocytes. 804 19

Immunoreactivity with monoclonal antibodies against epithelial membrane antigen, vimentin, keratin-squamous epithelium, keratin-nonsquamous epithelium and with polyclonal antibodies against keratin, involucrin, S-100 protein, desmin and varies; is directly proportional to-1 antitrypsin was done in 30 pleural and peritoneal effusion fluids; 15 each of benign and malignant origin using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) technique to differentiate between the mesothelial cells and the adenocarcinoma cells. In the present study we have demonstrated that desmin and S-100 protein are distributed in the cancer cells and the mesothelial cells of the effusion fluids. Neither EMA nor keratin has the specific reactive pattern which could lead to the differentiation of the mesothelial cells from the cancer cells, but vimentin and keratin could be used for the diagnosis of the mesothelial cells since they had maximum reactivities compared to the cancer cells.
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PMID:Role of immunoperoxidase staining in serous effusions. 816 32

A case of sacrococcygeal chordoma in a 9-year-old boy is presented. The symptoms at presentation were pain in both legs and sacrococcygeal region for the last two years that increased in the last four weeks irradiating mainly to the left leg. X-ray and CT scan examinations of the lumbar region revealed an expansive process in the coccygeal region with multiple calcifications and a partially eroded coccyx. There was no invasion of the retroperitoneum and regional lymph nodes. A biopsy was performed and showed cords and nests of cells with large cytoplasm, sometimes vacuolated, nuclei with moderate pleomorphism and clumped chromatin. Immunohistochemistry with avidin-biotin peroxidase technique showed positivity for CK, S-100 protein, CEA, vimentin and to EMA. Chordomas are a distinctly uncommon neoplasm in the first two decades of life, specially in the sacrococcygeal region. They have an aggressive behavior. Treatment of choice is complete resection.
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PMID:Sacrococcygeal chordoma in a 9-year-old boy. 858 26

Oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and growth factors are being explored as to their role in the initiation and progression of most neoplasms, but little information exists on the expression of oncoproteins or growth factors in adenocarcinoma of the duodenum or ampulla of Vater. This report covers expressions of p53, c-neu, TGF-alpha, CEA, and EMA in duodenal adenocarcinoma and ampullary adenocarcinoma, as well as correlations between expressions and tumor stage, histological grade and patient survival. The expression of p53, c-neu, TGF-alpha, CEA, and EMA has been studied in 15 duodenal adenocarcinomas and in eight ampullary adenocarcinomas by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The positive reaction for p53, c-neu, TGF-alpha, CEA, and EMA in duodenal adenocarcinoma was 20%, 60%, 60%, 73%, and 100%, respectively, and in ampullary adenocarcinoma, 13%, 100%, 50%, 63%, and 100%. Among the duodenal tumors, C-neu and p53 expression was noted more frequently in groups with high histological grades. Patients with c-neu positive duodenal adenocarcinoma had a shorter survival than the patients with c-neu negative duodenal adenocarcinoma (P < 0.01). C-neu product may serve as an unfavorable prognostic indicator in duodenal adenocarcinoma. No statistically significant correlation was found between the expressions of CEA, EMA, p53, and TGF-alpha and patient survival, tumor stage, or histological grade in either duodenal or ampullary adenocarcinomas.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoma of duodenum and ampulla of Vater: clinicopathology study and expression of p53, c-neu, TGF-alpha, CEA, and EMA. 860 40

A 75-year-old man was admitted because of right knee joint pain in December 1999. He had suffered from acute myelocytic leukemia (AML: M0) in November 1994 and achieved the first complete remission (CR) then. His AML relapsed in August 1996, but fortunately he achieved a second CR. Radiographical bone examination revealed osteolytic lesions in his right knee and bone scintigraphy showed uptake in the right knee and the middle part of the left femur. MRI also revealed a low attenuation signal in the left femur. He had no abnormal findings in peripheral blood or bone marrow. Histological examination of the biopsied bone tissue showed a diffuse proliferation of round cells with medium-sized or large nuclei. These cells were histochemistrically negative for myeloperoxidase and naphtol-ASD-chloroacetate esterase, and were also negative for lysozyme, cytokeratin 7, 9, 20, EMA, CEA, CD3, CD79a on immunohistochemistry, but were positive for CD43, CD56. In immunophenotypic analysis of these cells by flow cytometry, CD7, CD13, CD33, CD41, CD56 were revealed to be strongly positive. On the basis of these findings we diagnosed these tumors as granulocytic sarcomas (GS), extramedullary recurrence of AML M7. Although radiation (36Gy) to these tumors brought a temporary relief of the pain, he died of systemic relapse of AML in February 2001. When presented CD7+ AML M0 had been diagnosed, but GS cells were also positive for CD 56 and CD41. Although CD56 had not been examined initially, he might have been had myeloid/NK cell precursor acute leukemia and CD41 might be acquired later in the course of the disease. It is known that AML M0, M7 and myeloid/NK cell precursor acute leukemia have poor prognoses, nevertheless he survived for 6 years. It may be that intensive and repeated chemotherapy for AML can obtain excellent outcome in the elderly cases in good systemic condition and with favourable prognostic factors.
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PMID:[Acute myelocytic leukemia (M0) in an elderly patient with relapsed granulocytic sarcoma (M7) of bone during the second period of complete remission 5 years after onset]. 1270 54

A CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) cell line was established from the mononuclear cells isolated from pleural effusion of a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The cell line's biological characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that the established cell line could survive and proliferate in RPIM 1640 medium; the Wright-Giemsa-stained cells were exactly similar to malignant cells of CD30+ ALCL in morphology, with many diffuse virus granules in cytoplasm; the cytochemical staining of the cells showed the following reactivity pattern: positive for acid phosphatase (ACP) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), negative for peroxidase (POX), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and platelet peroxidase (PPO). The immunoprofile of the cells was positive for CD45, HLA-DR, CD30 and negative for EMA, CD34, CD38, CD2, CD3, CD4, CD7, CD8, CD10, CD15, CD19 and CD20. The cytogenetic analysis showed complicate d qualitative and quantitative abnormality of chromosomes, without typical t(2;5). It is concluded that the established cell line is CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma cell line.
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PMID:[Establishment of a human CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma cell line and its biological characteristics]. 1457 43

Ossifying fibromyxoid tumors (OFMT) are rare soft tissue tumors of uncertain histogenesis and clinical behavior. Since Enzinger, Weiss, and Liang first described 59 examples in 1989 (Am Surg Pathol. 13:817-827), approximately 150 cases have been reported. Their clinicopathologic features are fairly well characterized and their histogenesis remains unknown. Three examples of soft tissue tumors with typical histopathologic characteristics of OFMT were studied: case 1, a 43-year-old female with a 2.5-cm tumor of the back; case 2, a 56-year-old man with an 8-cm thigh mass; and case 3, an 81-year-old female with a 13.5-cm buttock tumor. For immunohistochemistry, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were stained with antibodies against cytokeratin, smooth muscle actin, desmin, vimentin, S-100 protein, EMA, and collagen type IV using standard ABC-peroxidase methods. For electron microscopy, tissue samples fixed in EM-grade buffered formalin were processed according to routine methods. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor cells were positive for vimentin and S-100 protein in all 3 cases. Stains for collagen type IV revealed diffusely positive staining in the stroma with a tendency for stronger staining around the cell borders in 2 out of 3 cases. Desmin was positive in one and actin was positive in one other case. By electron microscopy, tumor cells were characterized by centrally located round to oval nuclei with varying amounts of cytoplasm containing scanty cytoplasmic organelles. There were rare profiles of rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and rare mitochondria with areas of condensed intermediate filaments. No tonofilaments or actin filaments were present. There were multiple short web-like processes, some of which were attached to that of neighboring cells by primitive cell junctions. In all 3 cases, lesional cells showed external lamina (EL), which was abundant in case 1, forming redundant scrolls frequently. In case 2, EL was less prominent and incomplete, and interrupted portions of EL were present only along the periphery of cell columns or nests bordering the stroma. In case 3, which behaved as a malignant tumor, the tumor cells were less differentiated spindle cells with primitive cellular features, and EL was rarely found along the short span of tumor cell borders. In this study, tumor cells in OFMT were polygonal to stellate often with multiple short cytoplasmic processes. The tumor cells were found to form cell clusters attached by primitive intercellular junctions between cytoplasmic processes forming intercellular bridges. The cell borders facing the stroma around cell clusters tended to be flat and had incomplete EL, while no EL was present along the cell borders facing the inner aspect of cell clusters. These ultrastructural findings together with immunophenotypic expression of S-100 protein presented closer resemblance to those of modified myoepithelial cells in pleomorphic adenomas of salivary glands and skin appendages rather than peripheral nerve sheath tumors. The authors conclude that these findings render more support to the hypothesis of myoepithelial histogenesis of OFMT. They also conclude that ultrastructural study not only helps accurate diagnosis, but also may aid in predicting malignant behavior by the degree of deviation from the typical examples of OFMT.
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PMID:Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor: modified myoepithelial cell tumor? Report of three cases with immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies. 1631 54


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