Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0268596 (EMA)
 2,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A conjugate of an anti-gastric cancer monoclonal antibody and mitomycin C linked by polyaldehyde dextran T-40 (MGb2-PAD-MMC) was prepared. Nude mice inoculated with human gastric cancer (SGC-7901) xenograft in bilateral subrenal capsule were treated ip with the conjugate at a daily dose containing MGb2 22.4 mg/kg and MMC 1 mg/kg for 6 d since 4 h after inoculation. The efficacy of the conjugate was estimated by the reduction of tumor size which calculated by T/C (%) was 32.2%. If MGb2 in the conjugate was replaced by a normal nude mice IgG (NIgG-PAD-MMC) or the nude mice were treated ip with the dose of MMC alone, the tumor T/C (%) were 58 and 87%, respectively. It was statistically significant between MGb2-PAD-MMC and NIgG-PAD-MMC or MMC treatment. When the above mentioned nude mice with SGC-7901 were treated ip with thrice dose of the conjugate (MGb2 67.2 mg/kg and MMC 3 mg/kg) for 6 d, the tumor growth was inhibited completely. Nevertheless, the same dose of MMC was given to the nude mice resulted in toxic appearance included anorexia, weight loss or even death. Furthermore, when the nude mice were treated ip with MGb2-PAD-MMC 24 h after inoculation, no apparent therapeutic effect was seen. In some experiments, nude mice inoculated with another human transplanted gastric tumor (GA II) xenograft treated ip with a conjugate of MGb2 and MMC or daunorubcin (Dau) 1 day after inoculation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Effects of immuno-drug conjugates on growth of human gastric cancer xenograft in subrenal capsule of nude mice]. 213 Jun 22

The spectrum of clinical manifestations of coeliac disease, the most common chronic intestinal disorder in children, has widened considerably over the past years and new associations with other diseases, both immunological and non-immunological, have been described. AGA and EMA have proved to be an efficient screening method both in populations with gastrointestinal pathologies and in groups of pauci- or even asymptomatic subjects. The clinical picture of beta-thalassemia has gradually altered over the years owing to improved treatment. However, growth is still affected in a considerable proportion of thalassemic patients. A number of hormonal and other causes, combined in varying ways, contribute to determining this clinical condition. The authors report a case of coeliac disease in an adolescent with thalassemia major characterised by anorexia, arrest of weight gain and low stature. The identification of a new association between coeliac disease and thalassemia major highlights the need to search for this pathology in all thalassemic patients who present scarce growth in stature and weight.
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PMID:[Celiac disease associated with major thalassemia. A case report]. 899 85

The aim of this study was to screen a group of children with Down syndrome (DS) for celiac disease, and to define future strategies for screening the patients followed at our center. One hundred children over the age of two years with Down syndrome were serologically screened using antiendomysium antibody (EMA) IgA and serum IgA in order to exclude a concomitant IgA deficiency. Clinical assessment included detailed physical examination, measurement of weight and height plotted on growth charts for DS children followed by an interview of the patients and parents about gastrointestinal symptoms. Only one patient out of 100 (1%) was detected to be EMA IgA-positive. The child's family refused consent for the biopsy procedure. None of the patients had IgA deficiency. Abdominal distention was present in 13 (13%) patients, and anorexia in 9 (9%), vomiting in 7 (7%) and alopecia areata in 2 (2%) patients were also noted. Despite the small number of patients in our group, this result yielding 1% EMA-positivity is the lowest yet determined among DS patients. It has led us to discuss whether or not a change in our screening strategy is necessary.
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PMID:Celiac disease screening in 100 Turkish children with Down syndrome. 1605 53

Primary signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma (SRCA) of the lung is very rare. A 78-year-old man consulted to our hospital because of loss of appetite. Physical examination showed lymphadenopathy of the cervical lymph nodes. Chest X-ray showed a tumor of the right upper lobe. Blood laboratory test showed an increase of LDH and CRP. Tumor markers (CYFRA, SCC, CEA, ProGRP) were within normal range. Clinical diagnosis was suspected malignant lymphoma of the lung. Transbronchial lung biopsies showed SRCA (70%) mixed with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (30%). The SRCA cells were positive for mucins. Immunohistochemically, the SRCA cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK) AE1/3, CK CAM5.2, CK7, CK18, EMA, p53, Ki-67 (labeling=60%), CEA, CA19-9, TTF-1, and MUC1. They were negative for CK34BE12, CK5/6, CK8, CK14, CK19, CK20, vimentin, chromogranin, synaptophysin, CD45, CD20, CD3, surfactant Apoprotein-A, CDX-2, MUC2, MUC5AC and MUC6. A pathological diagnosis of SRCA of the lung was made. The patient showed downhill course, and died of carcinomatosis 3 months after the first manifestation. In conclusion, a vary rare case of primary pulmonary SRCA was reported with an immunohistochemical study.
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PMID:Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the lung: a case report with an immunohistochemical study. 2240 80

The core phenotype of anorexia nervosa (AN) comprises the age and stage dependent intertwining of both its primary and secondary (i.e., starvation induced) somatic and mental symptoms. Hypoleptinemia acts as a key trigger for the adaptation to starvation by affecting diverse brain regions including the reward system and by induction of alterations of the hypothalamus-pituitary-"target-organ" axes, e.g., resulting in amenorrhea as a characteristic symptom of AN. Particularly, the rat model activity-based anorexia (ABA) convincingly demonstrates the pivotal role of hypoleptinemia in the development of starvation-induced hyperactivity. STAT3 signaling in dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) plays a crucial role in the transmission of the leptin signal in ABA. In patients with AN, an inverted U-shaped relationship has been observed between their serum leptin levels and physical activity. Albeit obese and therewith of a very different phenotype, humans diagnosed with rare congenital leptin deficiency have starvation like symptoms including hypothalamic amenorrhea in females. Over the past 20 years, such patients have been successfully treated with recombinant human (rh) leptin (metreleptin) within a compassionate use program. The extreme hunger of these patients subsides within hours upon initiation of treatment; substantial weight loss and menarche in females ensue after medium term treatment. In contrast, metreleptin had little effect in patients with multifactorial obesity. Small clinical trials have been conducted for hypothalamic amenorrhea and to increase bone mineral density, in which metreleptin proved beneficial. Up to now, metreleptin has not yet been used to treat patients with AN. Metreleptin has been approved by the FDA under strict regulations solely for the treatment of generalized lipodystrophy. The recent approval by the EMA may offer, for the first time, the possibility to treat extremely hyperactive patients with AN off-label. Furthermore, a potential dissection of hypoleptinemia-induced AN symptoms from the primary cognitions and behaviors of these patients could ensue. Accordingly, the aim of this article is to review the current state of the art of leptin in relation to AN to provide the theoretical basis for the initiation of clinical trials for treatment of this eating disorder.
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PMID:Clinical Trials Required to Assess Potential Benefits and Side Effects of Treatment of Patients With Anorexia Nervosa With Recombinant Human Leptin. 3115 89