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Query: UMLS:C0268596 (EMA)
 2,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Primary cutaneous carcinomas rarely show heterologous malignant mesenchymal differentiation. We report 11 cases of sarcomatoid basal cell carcinoma (BCC) with osteosarcomatous differentiation. The patients (7 men and 4 women) ranged in age from 61 to 92 years (median 75 y). The tumors presented as exophytic nodules (0.3 to 7 cm) on the head (n=6), upper limb (n=3), and lower limb (n=2). All lesions were completely excised. Seven patients were alive without evidence of disease (follow-up interval 5 to 24 mo) and 1 patient died of unrelated causes at 7 months without evidence of disease. On histology, the tumors were dermal in location with 2 cases showing focal subcutaneous involvement. Ten tumors were well-circumscribed and 1 tumor showed focally infiltrative edges. Ten tumors revealed conventional BCC associated with varying proportions of osteosarcomatous and undifferentiated sarcomatous stroma. Transition from neoplastic epithelial to mesenchymal cells was seen in 8 cases. One case showed a purely osteoclastic giant cell rich malignant mesenchyme, interpreted as representing early stages of osteosarcomatous transformation. Previously unreported in sarcomatoid BCC, the mesenchymal component of another two cases displayed predominant malignant giant cell tumor like areas and 1 further case disclosed areas reminiscent of telangiectatic osteosarcoma. Pancytokeratins (AE1/3 and MNF116) and smooth muscle actin stained occasional undifferentiated sarcomatous cells in 2 and 3 tumors, respectively. MNF116 and EMA were focally positive in osteosarcomatous tumor cells of 1 case. Although the follow-up interval is short, our data suggest an excellent prognosis for polypoid and exophytic sarcomatoid BCC after complete surgical resection.
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PMID:Sarcomatoid basal cell carcinoma--predilection for osteosarcomatous differentiation: a series of 11 cases. 1700 Nov 62

The detection of single tumor cells or tumor cell clusters represents an important issue in intraoperative frozen section analysis. For example, surgical margins may be evaluated in order to minimize the number of additional operations. Furthermore, intraoperative diagnosis of lymph node micrometastasis (LNM) may help to define the area of appropriate lymph node dissection. In addition to haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections, immunohistochemical detection of single tumor cells or cell clusters may be helpful in this context. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance, reliability and sensitivity of intraoperative rapid immunostaining of frozen sections. Therefore, we compared the results of rapid immunohistochemical staining of frozen sections and paraffin sections applying the EnVision and Histofine(R) detection systems. In a prospective immunohistochemical study, paraffin and frozen sections of 20 gastric cancer specimens were analyzed. Paraffin as well as frozen sections were stained immunohistochemically applying the EnVision and Histofine detection systems. As primary antibodies, AE1/AE3 (anti-cytokeratin), EMA (anti-MUC1) and B lymphocyte marker anti-CD20 were applied. The rapid immunostaining procedure was able to be completed within 10-13 min. Rapid immunohistochemical staining of frozen and paraffin sections of the same tumors resulted in comparable immunoreactivity. The rapid EnVision and Histofine procedures allowed immunostaining of frozen sections in less than 13 min. These methods can represent useful additional tools in routine surgical pathology and research, enabling a more accurate frozen section diagnosis compared to staining with H&E alone. Intraoperative rapid immunostaining can be a simple and useful technique to detect LNM.
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PMID:Rapid immunohistochemical detection of tumor cells in gastric carcinoma. 1701 6

A 57-yr-old woman presented to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) with a history of nephrectomy for a clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), Fuhrman grade 3 of 4 diagnosed 1 yr prior to admission to the NCI. A CT scan done upon admission revealed multiple bilateral lung masses. A CT-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of one of the lung masses revealed a cellular specimen composed primarily of follicular structures surrounding dense hyalinized central cores. The cells in the follicular structures displayed bland nuclei and had granular to vacuolated cytoplasm. Papillary structures were also appreciated. Immunocytochemical studies showed tumor cells that were strongly vimentin and TFE3 positive. Focal staining for AE1/AE3 and CD10 was observed, as was negative staining for EMA. A surgical biopsy specimen reflected the FNA findings and demonstrated a similar immunoprofile. These findings correspond to the recently described Xp11.2 translocation/TFE3 fusion renal cell carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the cytologic features of an Xp11.2 translocation/TFE3 fusion RCC.
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PMID:Fine-needle aspiration of a Xp11.2 translocation/TFE3 fusion renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the lung: report of a case and review of the literature. 1712 Nov 98

The effects on morphology and diagnostic interpretation of delayed processing of refrigerated effusion samples have not been well documented. The potential for cellular degeneration has led many laboratories to reflexively fix samples rather than submit fresh/refrigerated samples for cytologic examination. We sought to determine if effusion specimens are suitable for morphologic, immunocytochemical, and DNA-based molecular studies after prolonged periods of refrigerated storage time. Ten fresh effusion specimens were refrigerated at 4 degrees C; aliquots were processed at specific points in time (days 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14). Specimens evaluated included four pleural (3 benign, 1 breast adenocarcinoma) and six peritoneal (2 ovarian adenocarcinomas, 1 malignant melanoma, 2 mesotheliomas, 1 atypical mesothelial) effusions. The morphology of the cytologic preparations from the 10 effusions was preserved and interpretable after 14 days of storage at 4 degrees C. The immunocytochemical profile of the samples (AE1/AE3, EMA, calretinin, and LCA) was consistent from day 0 to day 14. Amplifiable DNA was present in all samples tested on day 14. We conclude that cytopathologic interpretation of effusion samples remains reliable with refrigeration at 4 degrees C even if processing is delayed.
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PMID:Diagnostic effects of prolonged storage on fresh effusion samples. 1717 98

Canalicular adenoma is an uncommon benign salivary gland neoplasm that has a marked predilection for occurrence in the upper lip. It is composed of columnar cells arranged in branching and interconnecting cords of single or double cell thick rows. This tumor has an excellent prognosis after conservative surgical treatment in all locations. In the present report we describe, using immunohistochemistry, the expression of cytokeratins (CK), S-100 protein and EMA in a canalicular adenoma that arose in the upper lip of a 55-year-old female. Cells of the canalicular adenoma showed an immunohistochemical profile that indicates an excretory duct origin: most of these cells positively expressed AE1/AE3 cytokeratins and S100 protein. A comparison of the immunohistochemical features of canalicular adenoma with other salivary gland neoplasms that share similar histological features is discussed.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical profile of canalicular adenoma of the upper lip: a case report. 1719 20

Gynandroblastoma is a rare ovarian tumor that is composed of both Sertoli cells and granulosa cells. Only 23 cases have been reported in the literature, and recurrence has never been described. We report the first case of a recurrent gynandroblastoma along with its molecular analysis and immunohistochemical studies. A 49-year-old Gravida 0 woman with a 10-year prior diagnosis of ovarian-mixed stromal tissue tumor (well-differentiated Sertoli cell and granulosa cell tumor) and staging laparotomy, presented now with a retroperitoneal mass and an elevated inhibin level. CT scan was suspicious for recurrence. The patient had no prior adjuvant therapy. The histomorphological features of the recurrent tumor had both Sertoli cell and granulosa cell tumor. The molecular analysis of both primary and recurrent tumor showed minor genetic instability in the 17q12.2 gene locus with no dedifferentiation or progression, which is consistent with a low-grade tumor. The immunohistochemical staining profile showed positivity for CD99, inhibin, calretinin, and vimentin; focal positivity for cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and negative for EMA and melan-A. All the previously mentioned immunostainings support the diagnosis. We report the first case of a recurrent gynandroblastoma 10 years after initial presentation along with its molecular analysis and immunohistochemical studies.
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PMID:Recurrent gynandroblastoma of ovary-A case report: a molecular and immunohistochemical analysis. 1719 94

A rare case of a spindle cell (sarcomatoid) B-cell lymphoma is described. The patient, a 48-year-old male, presented with a several month history of an enlarging lesion on the scalp. Although there have been a few recent reports of cutaneous sarcomatoid lymphomas, this case is especially unusual because it presented as a scarlike plaque rather than a tumor and microscopically exhibited a prominent myxoid matrix. Given these features, the lesion was initially interpreted as an atypical fibromucinosis. The differential diagnosis included fibromucinous lesion consistent with variant of lichen myxedematosus, spindle cell carcinoma, spindle cell melanoma, atypical fibroxanthoma, and atypical smooth muscle tumors. Initial immunoperoxidase studies demonstrated negative staining for CD68, factor XIIIa, CD57, cytokeratin(AE1/AE3), S100, EMA, and vimentin, essentially ruling out the previously mentioned neoplasms. Subsequently, strong positive staining for LCA(CD45RB) and CD20 was demonstrated characteristic of a B-cell lymphoma. The patient underwent local radiotherapy with complete resolution. Although all variants of cutaneous sarcomatoid B-cell lymphomas are rare, it is imperative to consider them in the differential diagnosis of otherwise difficult to categorize spindle cell proliferations. This includes neoplasms and, based on the current case, fibromucinoses as well.
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PMID:Cutaneous sarcomatoid B-cell lymphoma. 1728 72

A 78 year-old female patient underwent a total mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection for a primary breast osteosarcoma. Microscopically the tumor was identical to grade II skeletal osteosarcoma. Immunohistochemically no reactivity was detected, either for the epithelial markers EMA, AE1/AE3, CK8, 18, 19, or for HER-2/neu, estrogen and progesterone receptors, as well as fluorescent IN SITU hybridization for HER-2/neu. The diagnosis of this tumor fulfills certain clinicopathological criteria. Mammary osteosarcoma is usually developed in phyllodes tumors or carcinosarcomas of the breast as a result of metaplasia of the epithelial component. This rare tumor of the breast is occasionally associated with prior radiation therapy or well documented trauma. Mammary osteosarcoma is a biologically aggressive neoplasm with a 38% five-year survival rate. Surgical resection is the most effective therapy to date. Adjuvant treatment -chemotherapy or radiotherapy- has shown no clear benefit. An extensive review of the literature is also presented.
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PMID:Primary mammary osteogenic sarcoma. 1729 Mar 47

The lymphohistiocytoid variant of diffuse malignant mesothelioma is rare with very few cases described in the literature. It is characterized by mesothelial cells with a histiocytelike appearance and an associated dense lymphoid infiltrate. We studied clinicopathologic features and immunohistochemical patterns of a series of 22 cases. The histiocytelike cells had a mesothelial immunophenotype: AE1/AE3 (100%), calretinin (100%), CK5/6 (46%), and EMA (52%). The prominent lymphoid component showed a cytotoxic T-cell immunophenotype. Prognosis was similar to that of a large series of epithelioid diffuse malignant mesotheliomas. Formely, it was classified within the sarcomatoid type. We suggest that it should be reclassified as an epithelioid variant because of its similar behavioural characteristics. There was no evidence of Epstein-Barr virus-related infection.
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PMID:Lymphohistiocytoid variant of malignant mesothelioma of the pleura: a series of 22 cases. 1746 Apr 54

Sebaceous gland carcinoma is a common tumour in male gerbils but, to date, no information is available on its immunohistochemical properties. This report describes the histopathological and immunohistochemical features of such a tumour from a 4.5-year-old male gerbil. The tumour immunoreactivity profile was studied in respect of p53 protein, CEA, EMA, c-erbB-2, cytokeratin (CK) 14 and the CKs detected by AE1/AE3 antibodies (i.e. high molecular weight CKs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 14, 15 and 16, and low molecular weight CKs 7, 8 and 19). The differences observed in p53 and c-erbB-2 immunolabelling between carcinomatous and hyperplastic areas suggest that p53 mutations and amplification of c-erbB-2 may play a significant role in the oncogenesis of sebaceous gland carcinoma in the gerbil.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical characterization of a sebaceous gland carcinoma in a gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus). 1764 91


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