Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0268596 (EMA)
 2,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Immunohistochemistry was performed on paraffin sections of 169 bone marrow biopsies fixed in a buffered methanol-formalin solution and decalcified with EDTA. The biopsies included specimens with normal hematopoiesis, and specimens that were affected by various hematological disorders as well as some metastatic carcinomas. The results demonstrate that a wide spectrum of antigens was preserved in routinely processed bone marrow biopsies, even after long-term fixation up to 12 days. Markers for granulopoietic cells were lysozyme, elastase, DAKO-M 1, and MT 1. Megakaryopoiesis was stained with glycoprotein IIIa, von Willebrand factor, and Ulex europaeus agglutinin (UEA), and erythropoiesis with LN 1. Normal lymphocytes as well as lymphoma cells of all non-Hodgkin's lymphomas tested were positive for leukocyte common antigen (LCA), and at variable degree, for MB 1, 4 KB 5, LN 1, LN 2, UCHL 1, or MT 1. Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin's cells in Hodgkin's lymphomas were reactive with Ber-H 2, LN 2 and Dako-M 1. In plasma cell disorders, staining for immunoglobulin light chains gave best results. Metastatic carcinomas showed predominantly staining with EMA, and KL 1. A selected panel of specific cell markers is proposed, which proved to be helpful in routine bone marrow diagnosis in most cases.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical examination of routinely processed bone marrow biopsies. 143 32

Cutaneous lymphadenoma (CL) is a recently described neoplasm of unknown histogenesis. Histologically, these tumors typically present as well-circumscribed nodules with scant or no epidermal connections. They are composed of multiple rounded lobules of basaloid cells with some degree of peripheral palisading. These epithelial lobules characteristically show a dense lymphoid infiltrate within them. In cases of CL previously described, there was no obvious adnexal differentiation except for isolated cells showing apparent sebaceous differentiation or hints of follicular differentiation. We report two typical cases of CL that were studied histologically and immunohistochemically. In some of the tumor lobules, there were foci of ductal differentiation, with luminal positivity for CEA and EMA. We postulate that some CL represent a form of immature sweat gland tumor with ductal differentiation.
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PMID:Cutaneous lymphadenoma with ductal differentiation. 147 94

Fibrinogen adsorption from blood to biomaterials may regulate platelet adhesion and thrombus formation because of fibrinogen's central role in the coagulation cascade and its ability to bind specifically to the platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa. Adsorption of fibrinogen from blood plasma to many materials exhibits a maximum with respect to plasma dilution and exposure time (the Vroman effect). In this study fibrinogen adsorption to several polymers was examined to ascertain the influence of controlled changes in surface chemistry on the Vroman effect. The materials included hydroxyethylmethacrylate-ethylmethacrylate (HEMA/EMA) copolymers, Biomer, and a series of segmented polyurethanes (PEUs), two of which contained fluorinated chain extenders. Each material exhibited maximal adsorption of fibrinogen at intermediate plasma concentrations. Little effect of soft-segment type or molecular weight was observed and no significant differences in fibrinogen adsorption to the fluorinated PEUs were seen. Changes in the strength of fibrinogen attachment to these materials with time after adsorption were also assessed. Fibrinogen adsorbed for 1 min was displaced more readily by blood plasma than that adsorbed for 1 h, regardless of the material. The more hydrophobic polymers exhibited greater retention of adsorbed fibrinogen. In addition, the fraction of fibrinogen retained by polyethylene depended on the amount of fibrinogen adsorbed to the surface, being greatest when the surface loading was the least. These studies indicate that spreading or transition of adsorbed fibrinogen molecules from a weakly to tightly bound state is a general consequence of protein adsorption to solid surfaces.
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PMID:Changes in fibrinogen adsorbed to segmented polyurethanes and hydroxyethylmethacrylate-ethylmethacrylate copolymers. 148 67

The histological study of a painful cutaneous nodule located in the interscapular region, which had been present for 20 years in a 59-year old male patient has show typical features of dermal myxoma of the nerve sheaths. This was a lobulated myxomatous tumour with fusiform and dendritic cells plus a few epithelioid and multinucleate cells. Immunostaining was positive for the S100 protein and negative for factor XIIIa and EMA. These data suggest that this tumour was of schwannian origin.
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PMID:[Dermal myxoma of nerve sheats (neurothecoma)]. 148 56

A case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, which was initially manifested as a gastric submucosal tumor, is presented. Endoscopy showed a submucosal tumor in the fundic region in a 79-year-old Japanese woman. Initial biopsy specimens of the stomach revealed atypical spindle cell proliferation, suggesting primary leiomyosarcoma of the stomach. However, biopsy specimens obtained one year later were diagnosed as malignant lymphoma or malignant histiocytosis of the stomach. Autopsy revealed a large necrotic lesion in the right S8 region with metastases in multiple organs. Microscopy demonstrated well to moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma containing spindle or pleomorphic sarcomatous elements. Metastatic nodules including the gastric tumors all showed sarcomatous elements with no epithelial component. Immunohistochemistry showed positive reactions for keratin, epithelial membrane antigen, and carcinoembryonic antigen in areas of carcinoma, whereas most of the sarcomatous elements revealed no positivity for any of the antibodies used, except for focal keratin and EMA positivity in the primary site. This is a rare case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with sarcomatous elements discovered as a gastric tumor at initial diagnosis, resulting from metastasis of the sarcomatous element in the submucosa.
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PMID:A case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with sarcomatous elements initially manifested as a submucosal tumor of the stomach. 150 6

Histological examination of a tumor centered in the body of the pancreas of a 65-year-old Iranian man revealed it to have a substantial component in which osteoclast-like giant cells were set within a stroma of pleomorphic mononuclear cells though other areas were composed of conventional adenocarcinoma. Immunocytochemistry was used to investigate the differentiation of the various component cells of the tumor. The carcinoma cells of the usual type expressed epithelial antigens (EMA and cytokeratin). The giant cells expressed vimentin and showed membrane staining with anti-LCA, in common with examples of cells originating from the mononuclear phagocytic system, including normal osteoclasts. The accompanying stromal cells expressed vimentin only. This implies that the giant cells are likely to have their origin in the bone marrow, whereas the mononuclear stromal cells that separate them may represent tumor cells that have lost their epithelial phenotype. The giant cells are therefore an unusual tissue response to the presence of the carcinoma.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas with osteoclast-like giant cells: a case report with immunocytochemistry. 151 8

Histological analyses of 16 autopsies of pancreatic carcinoma [9 cases after intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy (IAC), and 7 cases of systemic chemotherapy (SC)] were performed. Histological effects of chemotherapy (Shimosato) were seen in 15 cases, but less than 5 Grade II a. cases of IAC and 4 cases of SC showed Grade IIa, 3 cases of IAC and 3 cases of SC showed Grade I. The ratio of Grade IIa was almost the same in IAC and SC. But histologically, anaplastic change, sarcomatous change and Bizarre cells, immunohistologically positive to anti-EMA and Vimentin antibody, were dominant in IAC. And clinically, serum tumor markers (CEA, CA19-9) were fewer in almost all the cases in IAC. These results may suggest that the anti-tumor effect of IAC was greater than the histological appearance.
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PMID:[Histological evaluation of intra-arterial infusion and systemic chemotherapy of pancreatic carcinomas]. 154 62

Cervicovaginal smears from 2 women with postirradiation dysplasia, 4 women with postirradiation squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, 30 women with irradiation atypia and 5 healthy, nonirradiated women were stained immunohistochemically with six keratin antibodies. For four of the antibodies--CK19 (BA17), EMA, PKK-1 and CAM 5.2--squamous cells showing irradiation atypia, postirradiation dysplasia or postirradiation squamous cell carcinoma were more likely to stain positively than were nonirradiated squamous cells. For three of the antibodies in which multiple squamous cells stained positively, the proportion of squamous cells showing postirradiation dysplasia or postirradiation squamous cell carcinoma staining strongly was equal to or greater than the corresponding overall proportion for squamous cells showing irradiation atypia. This was statistically significant with only one antibody, PKK-1. No statistically significant differences were seen in staining of irradiated and nonirradiated squamous cells by MAK-6 and AE1:AE3. The data show that some keratin antigens are more often expressed in the irradiated groups and that there may be differences in the degree of antigen expression between squamous cells showing postirradiation dysplasia or postirradiation squamous cell carcinoma and squamous cells showing irradiation atypia.
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PMID:Immunoperoxidase staining of cervicovaginal smears after radiotherapy. 158 Jan 12

Gliosarcomas are mixed tumors with malignant glial and mesenchymal elements. The number of GFAP-positive tumor cells decreases with the increase of sarcomatous components, until whole areas may be GFAP negative. These distinct differentiations may, however, lead to false interpretations in small tissue samples. In this connection, it is of interest that, according to other reports, glial tumors may be positive for different anti-keratin antibodies and this prompted us to undertake a systematic investigation of the immunoreactivity of gliosarcomas using a panel of well-characterized monoclonal antibodies against cytokeratins (KL1, AE 1/3, Lu-5, CK-19, CK MNF 116 and Ma-903). These cases were further studied with the anti-epithelial non-cytokeratin antibodies EMA, HEA 125, Ber-EP4, CEA as well as the melanoma-antibody HMB-45, Leu-M1, GFAP and vimentin. As screening study we examined 20 cerebral metastatic carcinomas, 21 malignant gliomas (including 6 gliosarcomas) and 3 metastatic melanomas with the monoclonal antibodies KL1 and HMB-45. All cerebral metastatic carcinomas and 4/6 gliosarcomas were positive for KL1, whereas all melanomas, 2 metastatic carcinomas and 3 gliosarcomas showed an immunostaining with HMB-45. All gliosarcomas were positive with at least one of the tested anti-cytokeratin antibodies. The gliosarcomas did not show an immunoreaction in any of the cases when CEA, HEA 125, Ber-EP4, EMA or Leu M1 were applied. In our opinion, the monoclonal antibodies HEA 125 and Ber-EP4 could obviously be helpful in differentiating gliosarcomas from metastatic carcinomas.
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PMID:Epithelial and melanoma antigens in gliosarcoma. An immunohistochemical study. 159 90

This is a report on a 33 year old patient with a metastatic gestational choriocarcinoma. The patient was hospitalized with the picture of a spontaneous left kidney rupture and nephrectomy was performed. Under primary mono-dose methotrexate chemotherapy, the patient showed rapidly progressive metastases in both lungs, liver, right kidney and soft tissue. With the use of multiple-chemotherapy, according to the EMA-CO scheme, we observed complete remission. To date, there has been no indication of any tumour recurrence.
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PMID:[Treatment of primary therapy refractory choriocarcinoma using the EMA-CO protocol]. 160 19


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