Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0268596 (EMA)
 2,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cabozantinib (XL184) is an oral multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor manufactured by Exelixis Inc., CA, USA. It mainly inhibits three tyrosine kinase receptors: MET, VEGFR2 and RET. In both preclinical and clinical studies it has been shown to inhibit tumor angiogenesis, invasiveness and metastases. The most frequent side effects are fatigue, diarrhea, decreased appetite, nausea, weight loss and palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia. A Phase III clinical trial (EXAM study) of XL184 versus placebo in advanced and progressive medullary thyroid cancer showed a 28 versus 0% overall response rate and a progression-free survival of 11.2 versus 4.0 months (hazard ratio: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.19-0.40; p < 0.0001) in patients treated with cabozantinib and placebo, respectively. The drug has been approved by the US FDA for the treatment of advanced/progressive metastatic medullary thyroid cancer in the USA. The EMA is now evaluating its approval in Europe.
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PMID:Cabozantinib (XL184) for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic progressive medullary thyroid cancer. 2390 40

Cabozantinib is an oral once-daily multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor of MET, VEGFR2, RET, acting against KIT, AXL, FLT3 and Tie-2. Cabozantinib has shown anti-cancer effects in preclinical and clinical models of cancers derived from both epithelial and mesenchymal origins [prostate cancer, non small lung cancer, medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), renal cell carcinoma, etc.]. In a Phase III clinical study, cabozantinib improved PFS (11.2 months versus 4.0 months in the placebo group) of patients with MTC (independently of age, bone metastases, RET status and prior treatment). Cabozantinib was approved in 2012 by FDA for metastatic MTC and in 2013 by EMA. Cabozantinib has been also evaluated in metastatic DTC patients, because they have activation on tyrosine kinases, including MET, VEGFR2 and RET, suggesting the possible use of cabozantinib in metastatic DTC. Actually, two Phase II trials of cabozantinib in DTC patients resistant to RAI are ongoing. To increase the antineoplastic effect of cabozantinib, and to overcome the occurrence of drug resistance, combination studies with other anticancer agents are ongoing. In conclusion, cabozantinib has shown to exert an important therapeutic effect in patients with MTC improving PFS. In DTC patients, cabozantinib has shown promising results.
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PMID:Cabozantinib in Thyroid Cancer. 2615 49