Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0268596 (EMA)
 2,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this paper are presented the results of immunohistochemical study of 52 cardiac myxomas, including 2 with glandular structures, and the histogenesis of cardiac myxoma is discussed. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that in all these cases, myxoma cells were positive for vimentin and negative for factor VIII, desmin and actin. In 5 cases, myxoma cells were positive for S-100 protein. The 2 cases with glandular structure were positive for CEA, EMA and Cytokeratin. Histochemical staining showed that PAS AB (pH 1.0), PAS AB (pH 2.5) and HID AB were positive with the glandular elements. The results suggest that cardiac myxomas may be derived from "embryonal rests" and that the glandular structure may originate from entrapped primitive gut rests.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical study and evaluation of histogenesis of cardiac myxoma]. 816 89

In this study, we examine 10 primary carcinomas of Bartholin's gland, including seven squamous carcinomas, two adenoid cystic carcinomas, and one adenocarcinoma, as well as four non-neoplastic Bartholin's gland. Six of seven squamous cell carcinomas contained human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 DNA detectable by the polymerase chain reaction; one of these demonstrated HPV type 16 by in situ hybridization. The two adenoid cystic carcinomas, the adenocarcinoma, and the non-neoplastic Bartholin's gland epithelium showed no evidence of HPV DNA by polymerase chain reaction or in situ hybridization. A panel of eight antibodies (Cam 5.2, B72.3, CEA, EMA, MCA, Lewis X, ER, and PR) demonstrate that the squamous, transition zone, duct, acinar, and myoepithelial cells or Bartholin's gland are antigenically distinct, and are similar to those reported in analogous areas of the uterine cervix. Squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinomas of Bartholin's gland are antigenically similar, and seem to arise from the transition zone of the Bartholin's gland duct. The origin of adenoid cystic carcinomas is more difficult to determine; it is distinct from squamous and adenocarcinomas and seems more likely to arise from myoepithelial cells. We conclude that adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of Bartholin's gland arise in the transition zone of Bartholin's gland, which is similar to the transition zone of the uterine cervix. We also show that HPV is associated with Bartholin's gland carcinoma and may play a role in the genesis of malignancy.
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PMID:Carcinomas of Bartholin's gland. Histogenesis and the etiological role of human papillomavirus. 838 9

Histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural studies were performed on two cases of histologically unusual extramammary Paget's disease. Histologically, the central area of the lesions showed a bowenoid pattern, and the peripheral area showed typical extramammary Paget's disease. The transition zone showed an intermediate pattern. All these areas were positive for CEA and EMA, and negative for S-100 protein. Ultrastructurally, in the intermediate pattern, the tumour cells had abundant cytoplasmic glycogen, and the widened intercellular spaces contained numerous glycogen particles, which were probably secreted by the tumour cells. It is well known that eccrine glands, but not apocrine glands, secrete glycogen particles. Therefore, the present findings suggest that some cases of extramammary Paget's disease are a proliferation of germinative cells with eccrine gland differentiation.
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PMID:Ultrastructural study of extramammary Paget's disease--histologically showing transition from bowenoid pattern to Paget's disease pattern. 838 71

We present a case of cardiac myxoma associated with Carney's complex in which histological examination revealed numerous well formed glandular structures at the base of the lesion. Immunoperoxidase studies showed these glands to be epithelial-like with positive staining for EMA, CEA and CAM 5.2. Mucin stains were also positive. The presence of these gland-like structures within a cardiac myxoma, unless recognised as part of the tumour, may lead to the erroneous diagnosis of secondary adenocarcinoma. We reviewed eighteen further cardiac myxomata of which two were associated with Carney's complex. Of these eighteen tumours only one, not associated with Carney's complex, contained glandular structures and these were poorly formed.
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PMID:Glandular differentiation in cardiac myxomata. 838 44

Many studies have shown immunohistochemistry to be beneficial in discriminating between adenocarcinoma and mesothelial reactions in effusions. Although many of these studies suggest using a panel of antibodies, none of them used statistical methods to optimize their choice of assays. In the current study, stepwise logistic regression was applied to our data to select an appropriate panel of antibodies to differentiate between adenocarcinoma and all types of mesothelial proliferations. One hundred effusions (64 cases of adenocarcinoma, 27 cases of benign mesothelial proliferations, and 9 cases of malignant mesothelial proliferations) were analyzed for their reactivity with anti-EMA, anti-MFG, anti-CEA, Leu-M1, B72.3, and the newly described epithelial membrane marker BER-EP4. An abbreviated panel consisting of anti-CEA, EMA, and B72.3 was shown to be sufficient in over 95% of our cases to accurately characterize a given effusion. When all three assays are negative, a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma is extremely unlikely, while when two or three of the assays are positive a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma is almost certain. The use of stepwise logistic regression has proven useful in the design of antibody panels as an adjunct to the differential diagnosis of effusions and may be applicable to the selection of panels in other diagnostic problems.
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PMID:Immunocytochemistry in the differential diagnosis of effusions: use of logistic regression to select a panel of antibodies to distinguish adenocarcinomas from mesothelial proliferations. 848 88

Papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis is an uncommon benign lesion that may occur sporadically or as a manifestation of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. Neither immunohistochemical studies nor molecular genetic analyses of the VHL gene have been reported previously for this lesion. The authors describe two cases of clear cell papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis, both of which were initially confused with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Both lesions showed positive immunohistochemical staining for low and intermediate molecular weight keratins (Cam 5.2 and AE1/AE3), EMA, vimentin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin. Each was negative for CEA. Because clear cell papillary cystadenoma is similar to renal cell carcinoma histologically, and because both occur as components of the von Hippel-Lindau disease complex, the authors analyzed both cases for the presence of mutations in the VHL gene. A somatic VHL gene mutation was detected in one of the two tumors by polymerase chain reaction followed by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. Direct sequencing revealed a cytosine to thymine transition at nucleotide 694, resulting in the replacement of an arginine with a stop codon after the sixth amino acid of exon 3. As the VHL gene is believed to function as a tumor suppressor gene, VHL gene mutations may play a role in the initiation of tumorigenesis in sporadic cystadenomas of the epididymis.
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PMID:Somatic von Hippel-Lindau mutation in clear cell papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis. 852 7

20 specimens of normal pleural mesothelium were investigated with six lectins using isolated cells and tissue specimens as well as two different fixation techniques (glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde) and 10 monoclonal antibodies (MAb) on cytologic preparations only. Lectin binding sites for ConA, WGA, and PNA were present in all cases, whereas binding sites for the lectins HPA, SBA, and UEA-I could never be found. There was no staining difference with the two preparation and fixation techniques proving that they may be used to compare directly histologic and cytologic studies. Ten of fourteen histologic specimens were positive for the blood group antigen Lewis(y), three of them were positive for the antigen Lewis(b), all fourteen specimens were negative for Lewis(a) and Lewis(x). In all cases, mesothelial cells expressed ICAM1 and pancytokeratin. The antibodies against EMA, CEA, CD24, CD15, CD20, CD5, and HEA125 showed no reaction in mesothelial cells. Because HPA, UEA-I, SBA as well as CEA and HEA125 react in a high percentage with adenocarcinomas, non reactive cells of pleural effusions negative with these markers may be confidentially considered to be mesothelial in origin.
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PMID:Lectin binding sites and immunocytochemical characterization of normal pleural mesothelium. 854 94

Uterine tumors resembling sex-cord ovarian structures are exceptionally rare. Clement and Scully divided them into two groups. The first group includes cases with less than 50% and the second with more than 50% sex-cord elements. Group one tumors show a higher incidence of recurrences. We report a case of a 54-year-old women with a partly retroperitoneal, cystic tumor 7.6.6 cm. Histologically, sex-cord differentiation of more than 50% was seen with positive immunostaining against vimentin, desmin and focally against myoglobin and cytokeratines. The reaction against EMA, CEA and S 100 was negative. The patient was treated by abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oovorectomy. She shows no evidence of disease 2.3 years after the initial surgery. Based on the light microscopic features and immunohistochemical pattern, the tumor was interpreted as arising from the endometrial stromal cells or multipotential uterine mesenchyme that showed diverse differentiation toward ovarian sex-cord stroma and uterine smooth muscle with interspersed stromal cell clusters.
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PMID:[Uterine stromal tumor with ovarian sex cord differentiation]. 857 May 62

A case of sacrococcygeal chordoma in a 9-year-old boy is presented. The symptoms at presentation were pain in both legs and sacrococcygeal region for the last two years that increased in the last four weeks irradiating mainly to the left leg. X-ray and CT scan examinations of the lumbar region revealed an expansive process in the coccygeal region with multiple calcifications and a partially eroded coccyx. There was no invasion of the retroperitoneum and regional lymph nodes. A biopsy was performed and showed cords and nests of cells with large cytoplasm, sometimes vacuolated, nuclei with moderate pleomorphism and clumped chromatin. Immunohistochemistry with avidin-biotin peroxidase technique showed positivity for CK, S-100 protein, CEA, vimentin and to EMA. Chordomas are a distinctly uncommon neoplasm in the first two decades of life, specially in the sacrococcygeal region. They have an aggressive behavior. Treatment of choice is complete resection.
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PMID:Sacrococcygeal chordoma in a 9-year-old boy. 858 26

Oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and growth factors are being explored as to their role in the initiation and progression of most neoplasms, but little information exists on the expression of oncoproteins or growth factors in adenocarcinoma of the duodenum or ampulla of Vater. This report covers expressions of p53, c-neu, TGF-alpha, CEA, and EMA in duodenal adenocarcinoma and ampullary adenocarcinoma, as well as correlations between expressions and tumor stage, histological grade and patient survival. The expression of p53, c-neu, TGF-alpha, CEA, and EMA has been studied in 15 duodenal adenocarcinomas and in eight ampullary adenocarcinomas by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The positive reaction for p53, c-neu, TGF-alpha, CEA, and EMA in duodenal adenocarcinoma was 20%, 60%, 60%, 73%, and 100%, respectively, and in ampullary adenocarcinoma, 13%, 100%, 50%, 63%, and 100%. Among the duodenal tumors, C-neu and p53 expression was noted more frequently in groups with high histological grades. Patients with c-neu positive duodenal adenocarcinoma had a shorter survival than the patients with c-neu negative duodenal adenocarcinoma (P < 0.01). C-neu product may serve as an unfavorable prognostic indicator in duodenal adenocarcinoma. No statistically significant correlation was found between the expressions of CEA, EMA, p53, and TGF-alpha and patient survival, tumor stage, or histological grade in either duodenal or ampullary adenocarcinomas.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoma of duodenum and ampulla of Vater: clinicopathology study and expression of p53, c-neu, TGF-alpha, CEA, and EMA. 860 40


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