Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0268596 (EMA)
 2,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A pseudomesotheliomatous adenocarcinoma, which is a rare form of peripheral pulmonary tumor with diffuse thickening of the pleural cavity mimicking a mesothelioma, and a malignant mesothelioma with a carcinoma like disseminating pattern are presented. The biopsy obtained by thoracotomy in one case, and the necropsy studies enabled the diagnosis by the microscopic pattern, the presence of mucosubstances (PAS diastase) and the immune histochemical profiles with antibodies against several antigenic groups (CEA, EMA, CAM 5.2, and Vimentin. The value of these techniques to differentiate adenocarcinomas and mesotheliomas is discussed. The presence of CEA orients to an epithelial origin of a neoplasia.
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PMID:[Pleuropulmonary tumors. Presentation of 2 cases with peculiar clinicopathologic traits]. 262 39

We studied the reactivity of malignant mesothelioma cells with tumor markers and the phenotypes of lymphocyte subsets in pleural effusions from 14 patients with malignant mesothelioma. For identification of cell surface antigens with monoclonal antibodies, the adhesive slide assay was used. The reaction pattern of mesothelioma cells was found to be CEA negative, Leu M1 negative, EMA positive, BMA-120 positive, My 4 positive, and BA-2 positive. The surface morphology of mesothelioma cells may be of additional help for diagnosis. By these markers, the distinction between mesotheliomas and carcinomas is facilitated. The differentiation of reactive benign mesothelial hyperplasia from malignant mesothelioma by surface marker staining is not yet possible, however. In many effusions in this study, a concomitant T-lymphocytosis was observed with a non-specific increase in the CD4/CD8 ratio, as known for other pleural diseases.
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PMID:Immunocytology in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Expression of tumor markers and distribution of lymphocyte subsets. 264 76

A series of 146 primary and metastatic neoplasms of the CNS were studied with a panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether immunohistochemistry can help in the differential diagnosis and facilitate a more precise classification of CNS tumors. Neoplastic cells in glial tumors (astrocytomas, ependymomas, oligodendrocytomas) reacted strongly with GFAP. Immunoreactivity with antibodies to neurofilaments helped to distinguish neuronal tumors. Keratin was always positive in metastatic carcinomas, while vimentin positivity characterized mesenchymal differentiation. Other markers such as LCA, S-100, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, factor VIII, CEA and EMA were variably expressed by tumor cells providing information about cell differentiation and functional status.
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PMID:The contribution of immunohistochemistry to the differential diagnosis of primary and metastatic neoplasma of the central nervous system (CNS). 275 65

Fourteen cases of extramammary Paget's disease and five cases of mammary Paget's disease have been studied using stereomorphometric, histochemical, and immunohistochemical methods. The antibodies were anti-CEA, anti-EMA, 115D8 and DF3. Intracytoplasmic mucin was positive in Paget's cells, and both 115D8 and DF3 were detected intensely in all of Paget's cells. 115D8 and DF3 were also positive in the normal apocrine sweat gland, the intercellular canaliculi of the eccrine sweat gland, and the intraductal carcinoma of the breast. Therefore, we have concluded that extramammary Paget's disease is an intraepidermal adenocarcinoma originating in the apocrine sweat gland.
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PMID:[An immunohistochemical analysis of extramammary Paget's disease compared with mammary Paget's disease]. 283 11

Two adenomatoid tumours of the uterus were examined immunohistochemically using antibodies to keratin, Factor VIII related antigen, EMA, CEA and a specific protein isolated from mesothelioma cells. The tumour cells gave positive staining for keratin and for the specific mesothelial marker. The results strongly support a mesothelial origin for adenomatoid tumours and this panel of antibodies may be used to solve diagnostic problems.
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PMID:Adenomatoid tumour of the uterus. 321 38

Chordomas are slowly growing malignant tumors arising from notochordal rests. They are occurring in adults (50 to 60 year old) and are mainly (85%) located in sacrococcygeal or spheno-occipital regions; other main localization is cervical spine. Chordomas are usually discovered in patients with pain or symptoms due to compression of surrounding viscera. Radiologically it is characterized by association of osteolysis and soft tissues opacity. On macroscopic examination tumoral tissue has mucoid appearance; under microscope it is made up with lobules of epithelial-appearing cells surrounded by acid mucosubstances. Tumorous cells contain glycogen and neutral mucosubstances. They are surrounded by argyrophilic rim due to pericellular condensation of intercellular matrix, well viewed on electron microscope examination. When their cytoplasm is filled with vacuoles, cells take up typical physaliphorous appearance. Chordomas cells express epithelial differentiation antigens (low molecular weight cytokeratins, EMA, CAM 52, HFM 62, even CEA), Vimentin and S-100 Protein: this triple positivity allow differentiation between chordomas and numerous others tumors. Correct treatment of chordoma is achieved with an initially complete excision. Local recurrences are frequent and sometimes inoperable: in this cases radiotherapy alone may be performed (70 grays). Sarcomas (fibroblastic or Malignant fibrous histiocytoma) may occur after radiotherapy or without it. Hematogenous metastasis occur in 10% to 15% of patients. Survival rate at five years is included between 50% and 75%. Chondroid chordoma is a special entity occurring in younger patients (35 year old) and located in spheno-occipital region. In addition to chordomas it contain chondroid (benign or malignant) islands. Mean survival rate (16 years) is far better than for chordoma or chondrosarcoma.
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PMID:[Chordomas]. 329 77

Recognition of malignant effusion relies heavily on cytologic examination despite the difficulty of distinguishing atypical mesothelial hyperplasia from metastatic carcinoma. The combination of CEA, EMA, vimentin, keratin, high-molecular-weight cytokeratin (HMWK), low-molecular-weight cytokeratin (LMWK), and Alcian blue was tested in 51 cytologic specimens of pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial effusions. These showed metastatic carcinoma in 38 cases (ovary, 14; lung, 8; breast, 7; GI, 4; endometrium, 4; bladder, 1) and mesothelial processes in 13 (hyperplasia, 9; mesothelioma, 4). Strong positivity for EMA (92%), CEA (90%), and Alcian blue (71%) was noted in metastatic carcinoma but not in the mesothelial processes. Keratin was positive in all cases of mesothelioma but occurred also in mesothelial hyperplasias (44%) and metastatic carcinomas (47%). In mesothelial cells, HMWK was consistently stronger than LMWK, whereas in adenocarcinoma the reverse was true. There was no difference in the degree or distribution of positivity of any of the markers among the various primary sites of the neoplasms. Our findings are consistent with the view that immunocytochemistry with a battery of antibodies is useful in the recognition of malignant effusions but cannot, as yet, determine the site of origin of metastatic neoplasms.
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PMID:Value of immunocytochemistry in the study of malignant effusions. 331 65

We present the histological, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical findings of two granular cell tumors of different histogenesis: a mediastinal granular cell schwannoma, and an uterine granular cell leiomyoma. Ultrastructurally the mediastinal tumor showed granular cell changes of the Schwann cells which were reactive for S-100 protein and Leu 7 antigen, but not for actin, desmin, CEA, EMA, or cytokeratin. Ultrastructural study of the uterine lesion demonstrated smooth muscle cells with only a few "autophagic" facuoles to cells nearly replaced by lysosomes. Immunohistochemically this tumor showed reactivity for actin, desmin, and Leu 7 antigen, but was S-100 protein, CEA, EMA, and cytokeratin negative.
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PMID:Granular cell myoma and schwannoma: fine structural and immunohistochemical study. 382 63

Six different immunisation regimes have been used to generate spleen cells with reactivity against human pancreatic exocrine cancer. Immunised spleen cells were fused with an NSO/1 myeloma line and supernatants from these hybridomas selectively screened for monoclonal antibodies which bound predominantly to a pancreatic cancer cell line (GER). The spleen cells from hairy litter mates immunised with pancreatic cancer xenograft homogenates and viable GER cells generated 13% of hybridoma supernatants which showed some selectivity for GER pancreatic cancer cells in a fixed cell ELISA assay. The other methods produced only 4% of hybrids with selectivity for GER cells. The antigen distribution on gluteraldehyde fixed cells was similar to that found for viable cell monolayers but many antigens were unstable on formalin fixation. Immunohistochemical staining of GER cells grown on glass slides showed a heterogeneity of antigen distribution with up to 70% of the cells exhibiting a vesicular pattern of staining. Fifty percent of the antibodies which bound to GER cells were also reactive against antigens in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the original GER tumour. Monoclonal antibody DD9E7 identified an antigen expressed on 12/14 pancreatic adenocarcinomas. The antibody showed strong staining of malignant luminal membranes and cytoplasm. The antigen was also present in normal salivary and sweat glands, and colon and breast carcinomas, but its tissue distribution was unlike that of CEA or EMA. The expression of this antigen in 12/14 of pancreatic carcinomas suggests that DD9E7 may be a useful reagent for pancreatic tumour detection.
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PMID:The generation of monoclonal antibodies against human pancreatic exocrine cancer: a study of six different immunisation regimes. 406 33

Ten cases of adenocarcinoma of the endometrium were studied using histochemical methods for mucopolysaccharides and immunocytochemical methods for the localization of various markers, such as EMA (epithelial membrane antigen), GCDFP-15 (gross cystic disease fluid protein) and CEA. Four cases appeared to contain High Iron Diamine-positive substance and 6 cases were positive using an immunocytochemical method with a polyclonal anti-CEA antiserum. In contrast, no cases stained when a monoclonal anti-CEA antiserum was employed. This suggested that HID- positive material could be a sign of differentiation towards cells with a secretory function.
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PMID:Morphofunctional findings in adenocarcinoma of endometrium. 620 31


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