Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0268596 (EMA)
 2,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A primary carcinoid tumor of testis was studied. The tumor cells showed a strong positive reaction to argyrophil or argentaffin stainings, and neuroendocrine granules were identified by electron microscopy. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells expressed various markers such as those for NSE, synaptophysin, CG, Leu-7, 5-HT, HCG, cytokeratin, EMA, CEA and PACP, which indicated the special multiple directions of differentiation of cells possessing neuroendocrinal, epithelial or carcinoembryonic behavior.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical demonstration of neurohormonal polypeptides in primary carcinoid tumor of testis]. 171 56

To study the histogenesis of and determine the most useful markers for diagnosing anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), 32 cases, including 2 with numerous osteoclast-like cells, were stained with a battery of antibodies to epithelial (keratin, epithelial membrane antigen [EMA], carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA]), mesenchymal (vimentin, desmin, muscle-specific actin [MSA], Factor VIII-related antigen [FVIII:RAg]), endocrine (thyroglobulin, calcitonin, chromogranin [Cg]), lymphocytic (leukocyte common antigen [LCA]), histiocytic (alpha-1-antitrypsin [alpha 1AT], alpha-1-antichymotrypsin [alpha 1AChy], KP1), melanocytic (HMB-45), and Schwann cell (S-100 protein) markers. Five tumors were associated with papillary carcinoma. In one of these cases, a morphologic continuum between the well-differentiated carcinoma and the ATC was visualized by their positive immunostaining for both vimentin and keratin, thus supporting the hypothesis that the latter tumor originated from the former. Twenty-five (78.1%) tumors expressed keratin, 10 (31.3%) reacted for EMA, and 3 (9.4%) expressed CEA, confirming the epithelial nature of this neoplasm. Reactivity for thyroglobulin was seen in a small number of cells in five (15.6%) thyroglobulin was seen in a small number of cells in five (15.6%) ATCs. Because all of the cases that expressed keratin also stained positively for EMA, CEA, or thyroglobulin, it is believed that keratin is the most useful epithelial marker for diagnosis of ATC. A lack of reactivity for calcitonin and Cg indicates that these tumors are not derived from C cells, as has been proposed by some authors. Reactivity for KP1 (CD68), a monoclonal antibody that reacts with a macrophage-associated antigen, occurred in the osteoclast-like cells but not in the anaplastic tumor cells. This finding, together with negative keratin staining of the osteoclast-like cells, indicates that these cells are not epithelial in nature and therefore should be considered reactive rather than neoplastic. Thirty tumors (93.8%) expressed vimentin, 15 (46.9%) marked for alpha 1AChy, 11 (34.4%) exhibited alpha 1AT, and 11 (34.4%) expressed S-100 protein. Because all of these markers can be seen in a wide variety of tumors of different histogeneses, they have no value in the diagnosis of ATC. Although immunostaining for FVIII:RAg, desmin, and MSA was negative in all of these tumors, these markers can help to differentiate between ATCs and some soft tissue sarcomas with which they can be confused.
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PMID:Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Immunocytochemical study of 32 cases. 171 40

Pancreatic tumour-associated monoclonal antibody DD9E7, raised against the GER pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line, recognises a protein epitope on a novel family of membrane-bound cell surface glycoproteins (Mr 80-115,000). Western blot analysis of SDS/PAGE gels of tumour biopsies and of normal adult pancreas has shown that these glycoproteins are highly expressed in most pancreatic tumours but cannot be detected in normal adult pancreas. Using monoclonal antibodies directed against other antigens that have been associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (Du-Pan-2, Ca 19-9, CEA, NCA-95/55, EMA, and FAP), we have been able to show that although some of the antigens are also expressed by the GER pancreatic tumour cell line, the glycoproteins identified by monoclonal antibody DD9E7 are distinct from those other antigens in both molecular weight and antibody binding characteristics. Neuraminidase, periodic acid, and tunicamycin treatment of cultured cells has shown that monoclonal antibody DD9E7 recognises an epitope on the protein core of the antigen. This epitope is also present in NCA-1, but not in CEA, which suggest that there may be an association between DD9-antigen and other members of the NCA/CEA supergene family.
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PMID:The identification of a novel NCA-related pancreatic tumour-associated antigen, DD9-antigen: a comparison with the expression of other tumour antigens by the pancreatic tumour cell line GER. 171 89

We report an undifferentiated sweat gland carcinoma of the vulva in an 80-year-old woman. The tumor, which was located in the right labium majus, resembled an epithelioid sarcoma histologically; it had a granulomatous appearance with multiple tumor nodules containing epithelioid tumor cells. The tumor also contained rhabdoid cells; a large cluster of them showed histological features indistinguishable from those of a malignant rhabdoid tumor. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells reacted not only for epithelial markers such as cytokeratins, EMA, and CEA, which are known to be expressed by epithelioid sarcoma, but also for CA125 and with monoclonal antibodies recognizing sweat gland structures--namely, EKH5 and EKH6. For comparison, two epithelioid sarcomas and two extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumors were also studied. Of these tumors, only one extrarenal rhabdoid tumor reacted with EKH5, and none reacted for CA125. Electron-microscopic examination of the present tumor showed the presence of discontinuous basal laminae and tonofibril-like structures as well as primitive cell junctions and interdigitating filopodia. From these findings, we conclude that the tumor was an undifferentiated sweat gland carcinoma mimicking an epithelioid sarcoma. Findings in this case support the idea of the diverse histogenesis of extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumors and indicate that electron microscopy is important for differentiating epithelioid sarcoma from skin adnexal carcinoma.
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PMID:Undifferentiated carcinoma of the vulva mimicking epithelioid sarcoma. 171 78

An asymptomatic tumor developed on the upper lip of a 63-year-old man. Histologically, the tumor contained glandular and cystic structures forming many branching lumina, and many scattered single cells in an abundant mucoid to chondroid stroma. The tumor was diagnosed as mixed tumor of the skin. Histochemically, the cells composing the tubular structures contained neutral mucopolysaccharides and the stroma, acid mucopolysaccharides. Immunohistochemically, the cells of the glandular and cystic structures showed epithelial and sweat gland differentiation (EMA-, CEA-, BRST-1- and BRST-2-positive), while the cells scattered in the stroma showed a tendency toward myoepithelial differentiation (S-100 protein- and vimentin-positive).
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PMID:An immunohistochemical study of mixed tumor of the skin. 172 53

An unusual tumor was observed in a 67-year-old man. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of epithelial cells forming glands (CEA, EMA-positive) and spindle-shaped cells (vimentin-positive). A third component was a cell population ultrastructurally characterized by intracytoplasmic granules surrounded by a membrane; these proved to be chromogranin A-positive in the immunoperoxidase study.
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PMID:Carcinosarcoma of the stomach with endocrine differentiation. A case report. 174 60

A case of Sister Mary Joseph's nodule (umbilical metastasis) is described from a primary adenocarcinoma of the transverse colon. Needle aspiration cytology made the diagnosis which was confirmed by immunocytochemical localization of CEA, B72.3, EMA, and cytokeratin in the tumour cells. Extensive mucus production in the tumour cells was demonstrated by alcian blue and mucicarmine stains.
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PMID:Fine needle aspiration of Sister Mary Joseph's nodule. 180 52

A clinico-pathological and immunohistochemical study of 22 cases of undifferentiated carcinoma (UC) of the nose and paranasal sinuses is presented. There were 6 nasal and 16 sinusal lesions. Eleven were small cell, 7 of the intermediate type and 4 of the large cell type. All the large cell UC originated in the sinuses. Immunohistochemically all but three of the UC (all small cell) were positive for an epithelial marker. EMA was better in this study than cytokeratin and CEA (19, 14 and 8 positive cases). Neuroendocrine markers were positive in 5 cases of the large cell UC (Table I). Of the 18 cases with follow up, 3 patients died of their tumor, 9 were alive with disease and 5 were with no evidence of disease after an average of 36 months. Patients with UC of the intermediate variant and large cell type had a better prognosis than those of the small cell type (Table 2). Cases treated with surgery and radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy had a better prognosis than those treated with either one of those treatments alone. This study shows that many of the UC of the nose and sinuses have a neuroendocrine phenotype and although they are aggressive neoplasms they seem to be not as lethal as suggested in the literature.
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PMID:[Undifferentiated carcinoma of the nose and paranasal sinuses. A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study]. 182 5

Five colloid cysts of the third ventricle were compared with two spinal enterogenous cysts to examine the hypothesis that these entities have the same origin from primitive endodermal tissue. All the lesions showed cuboidal and columnar epithelium with mucus containing goblet cells and cilia. Immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin, EMA and CEA was positive in all the colloid cyst and enterogenous cyst epithelium. S-100 was focally positive in three of the colloid and one of the enterogenous cysts while vimentin and GFAP were negative in both. The anatomical distribution of both colloid and enterogenous cysts is reviewed. An illustrative case of an identical cyst within the fourth ventricle is presented. This suggests that the similarities between colloid and enterogenous cysts and the presence of identical lesions along the neuroaxis indicate that these structures are derived from primitive foregut endoderm.
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PMID:Cysts of the neuraxis of endodermal origin. 189 17

The reaction pattern found in thirteen different pulmonary blastomas was tested with four different polyclonal and six different monoclonal antibodies using the avidin-biotin-reaction. Immunohistochemically, the tumours showed positive reactions, both with antibodies that are considered to be epithelial markers (K11, EMA), and with antibodies that indicate a differening mesenchymal differentiation (vimentine, desmine, protein-S100). It was not possible to label any tumour cells with the antibodies anti-beta-HCG, anti-NSE, anti-lysozyme or anti-CEA. The negative response of the CEA reaction can be useful for the differentiation from pulmonary adenocarcinoma, in particular in the case of tumours with highly differentiated glandular components.
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PMID:[Pulmonary blastoma. Immunohistochemical characterization of heteromorphic tumor components]. 219 30


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