Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0268596 (EMA)
 2,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of intracranial fibrous xanthoma (xanthofibroma) is reported. Intracranial fibrous xanthoma in infancy under the age of 1 year is extremely rare. This patient was a 8-month-old boy with a history of convulsive seizure. He had a previously known chest wall tumor which was diagnosed as fibrous xanthoma of the skin. Plain CT scan revealed a well defined high density area in the left temporal lobe. The area was well enhanced with contrast media. At operation, it was found that the tumor did not attach to dura mater and was almost well demarcated. Total removal of the tumor was performed. The patient has been doing well for these 6 months following craniotomy, with no sings of recurrence and no neurological deficits. Histologically, the tumor was composed of fibroblastic cells and foamy phagocytic cells in storiform pattern. Some multinucleated giant cells were found. Immunohistochemistry technique revealed that the tumor cells were negative for GFAP, positive for Vimentin, positive for S-100 protein and negative for EMA. Our studies support the diagnosis of intracranial fibrous xanthoma coexistent with the same tumor found in the subcutaneous space of the chest wall of a boy under 1 year of age. We regard it as a rare incidence. Differential diagnosis and the characteristics of fibrous xanthoma were discussed.
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PMID:[Intracranial fibrous xanthoma (xanthofibroma) in an infant: a case report]. 203 18

Three cases of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin studied by light and electron microscopy and by immunohistochemical methods, are presented. It is generally accepted that these tumors originate from Merkel's cells. Some consider that they belong to the group of APUD-omas. Positive findings of epithelial (EMA, CAM 5.2) and neuroedocrine marker (NSE) in these three cases support the hypothesis of neuroendocrine differentiation in a neoplasm of epithelial origin.
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PMID:[Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin (Merkel cell tumor)]. 209 74

A conjugate of an anti-gastric cancer monoclonal antibody and mitomycin C linked by polyaldehyde dextran T-40 (MGb2-PAD-MMC) was prepared. Nude mice inoculated with human gastric cancer (SGC-7901) xenograft in bilateral subrenal capsule were treated ip with the conjugate at a daily dose containing MGb2 22.4 mg/kg and MMC 1 mg/kg for 6 d since 4 h after inoculation. The efficacy of the conjugate was estimated by the reduction of tumor size which calculated by T/C (%) was 32.2%. If MGb2 in the conjugate was replaced by a normal nude mice IgG (NIgG-PAD-MMC) or the nude mice were treated ip with the dose of MMC alone, the tumor T/C (%) were 58 and 87%, respectively. It was statistically significant between MGb2-PAD-MMC and NIgG-PAD-MMC or MMC treatment. When the above mentioned nude mice with SGC-7901 were treated ip with thrice dose of the conjugate (MGb2 67.2 mg/kg and MMC 3 mg/kg) for 6 d, the tumor growth was inhibited completely. Nevertheless, the same dose of MMC was given to the nude mice resulted in toxic appearance included anorexia, weight loss or even death. Furthermore, when the nude mice were treated ip with MGb2-PAD-MMC 24 h after inoculation, no apparent therapeutic effect was seen. In some experiments, nude mice inoculated with another human transplanted gastric tumor (GA II) xenograft treated ip with a conjugate of MGb2 and MMC or daunorubcin (Dau) 1 day after inoculation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Effects of immuno-drug conjugates on growth of human gastric cancer xenograft in subrenal capsule of nude mice]. 213 Jun 22

In pleural effusions, histologically proven to be malignant in 13 patients with small cell lung cancer, the immunocytological profile of tumour cells, together with the distribution of the lymphocyte subpopulations, were established. In all cases, tumor cells were demonstrable with the monoclonal antibodies EMA, HEA-125, Sam 2, 6, 8 and 10. In contrast, conventional cytology was positive in only 6 of the 13 cases. As in other malignant or inflammatory effusions, phenotyping of the lymphocytes revealed an elevated T4/T8 ratio in comparison with the normal value for peripheral blood.
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PMID:[Immunocytochemical characterization of malignant pleural effusions of small cell bronchial cancer]. 216 7

CD30/Ki-1 antigen expression in 243 cases of malignant lymphomas was examined using Ber-H2 monoclonal antibody. Among them 20 cases were categorized as Ki-1 anaplastic large cell lymphoma. In two of these cases histiocyte-associated markers were also expressed. In these cases histopathologic and extensive in situ immunophenotypic analyses were used with genotypic studies in the determination of cell lineage. A sinusoid histologic pattern of involvement with partial lymph node infiltration by pleomorphic neoplastic cells was noticed in the nodes from both patients. Solid areas of node replacement resembling metastatic carcinoma were seen in Patient 1. Immunohistologically, tumor cells of both cases were positive for CD30, CD25, CD71, LN3 (HLA-DR), EMA, CD45, CD74, vimentin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, and CD68. Patient 1 was also CD45RO+, CD43+, whereas Patient 2 was positive for alpha-1-antitrypsin and CD4 tumor cells. Genotypic studies revealed that TCR beta and TCR gamma chain genes were clonally rearranged in Patient 1, whereas no rearrangements were detected in Patient 2. This study supports the view that some Ki-1 anaplastic large cell lymphomas may express multiple histiocyte-associated antigens and confirms that this group of neoplasms have immunophenotypic heterogeneity. The results of genotypic analyses used with immunophenotyping does not exclude that the tumor cells in these cases may be of true histiocytic origin despite the Ki-1-positive phenotype.
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PMID:Histopathologic, immunophenotypic, and genotypic analysis of Ki-1 anaplastic large cell lymphomas that express histiocyte-associated antigens. 217 1

The subject was an 85-year-old woman, who had been diagnosed as having an ovarian cancer and carcinomatous peritonitis and had been treated conservatively. She subsequently died from respiratory and renal insufficiency, and the autopsy that followed revealed that her pelvic cavity had been filled by a tumorous mass that size of a child's head. Histologically, the tumor was a serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary. Moreover another tumor, also the approximate size of a child's head, was found sited extramurally, beneath the posterior wall mucosa of the stomach body. Histological inspection of this tumor revealed a proliferation of round oval, and spindle-shaped tumor cells. A vacuolation of the cytoplasms and karyomitosis to the extent of 10/50 HPF also were observed. Based on the findings of being positive for Vimentin and a negative EMA, this tumor was diagnosed as being a malignant leiomyoblastoma of the stomach smooth muscle. The leioblastoma is a relatively uncommon neoplasm, and recent advances in immunohistochemical staining have indicated that some of these tumors are not only of smooth muscle derivation but also of nerve origin. Therefore, this tumor, given its morphological characteristics, had been generalized in this case as a gastric stromal tumor, and with negative findings for Desmin and S-100 protein, as well as positive for Vimentin.
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PMID:[An autopsy case of extramural malignant leiomyoblastoma of the stomach with ovarian cancer: an immunohistochemical study]. 219

A case of lymphocyte-depletion Hodgkin's disease is described for the purpose of reviewing the criteria currently used to distinguish this disease from other pleomorphic large-cell malignancies. A 76-year-old man with a 3-month history of daily fevers underwent extensive evaluation and exploratory laparotomy, which revealed only two large, separate splenic tumor nodules. Postoperatively, the patient remained asymptomatic. Histologically, the tumor was composed of giant cells, including both typical Reed-Sternberg forms and mononuclear variants with inflammatory stromal response along its borders. Immunoperoxidase showed tumor cells to be strongly reactive for Leu-M1 (CD15), BER-H2 (CD30), Leu-3 (CD4), and T11 (CD2) and weakly reactive for Leu-4 (CD3) but nonreactive for EMA, LCA, lysozyme, Leu-9, Leu-M3, Leu-M5, and immunoglobulin light chains. Southern blot analysis revealed an isolated clonal band for kappa light chain only. Included in the discussion of this case of primary splenic lymphocyte-depletion Hodgkin's disease is a review of clinical, histologic, immunohistochemical, and gene-rearrangement characteristics of what can be defined as lymphocyte-depletion Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:Primary splenic lymphocyte-depletion Hodgkin's disease. 222 Jun 73

Hyalinizing trabecular adenoma of the thyroid gland is an uncommon neoplasm that was recently described by Carney et al. (1987). It is important to recognize this tumor, considered benign, as it may mimic papillary carcinoma, medullary carcinoma or paraganglioma. We present two cases with histological and immunohistochemical criteria and discuss the diagnostic problems. Grossly, this small tumor is yellow tan and well circumscribed. The epithelial cells, polygonal or elongated and sharply outlined, have an eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm. The nuclei are oval or elongated, with often non-visible nucleoli. Grooved nuclei are quite frequent. Mitotic figures are very uncommon. The cells are arranged in clusters or trabeculae or pseudofollicles containing colloid material. Characteristically the cells, arranged shoulder to shoulder, can show a palisade pattern. The fibrovascular stroma appears hyaline, pseudoamyloid (Congo red staining is negative). The tumor cells show intense staining for thyroglobulin and no staining for thyrocalcitonin. Immunoreactivity for cytokeratin, vimentin, protein S100, NSE is positive but staining is negative for EMA and desmin. In one case, the tumor cells show little positivity for chromogranin A. The variable patterns of this tumor can lead to diagnostic problems. We can exclude the diagnosis of papillary carcinoma as this tumor lacks any true papillary architecture. We reject the diagnosis of medullary carcinoma because of its thyroglobulin and calcitonin immunoreactivity. Paraganglioma never shows immunoreactivity for thyroglobulin. Very often the surrounding thyroid tissue shows focal thyroiditis. The association of the tumor with Hashimoto's thyroiditis can be explained by an autoimmune process.
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PMID:[Hyalinizing trabecular adenoma of the thyroid gland. Histologic and immunohistochemical study. Report of 2 cases]. 228 55

A case of extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma arising in the chest wall of a 15-year-old male is reported in this paper. His complaint was chest and back pain. Physical examination and laboratory data disclosed no abnormality. Radiographs and computed tomography revealed chest wall tumor, and resection of the tumor with a portion of the eighth rib was performed. Histologically, there was no involvement of the rib at all. The tumor tissue was composed of solidly packed tumor cells which were uniform in size and shape. Individual tumor cells were small, round-shaped, and had scanty, ill-defined cytoplasm. The diastase-digested, PAS positive material was found in the cytoplasm. NSE (neuron specific enolase) was positive, but EMA (epithelial membrane antigen) LCA (leucocyte common antigen), and keratin were negative. With these results, we got a diagnosis of extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma. Combination chemotherapy with vincristine, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, actinomycin D was administered after operation, and there is no evidence of recurrence after 12 months of follow-up.
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PMID:[A case of extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma of the chest wall]. 231 13

Immunohistochemical (IHC) techniques should allow for a greater detection of bone marrow micrometastasis in patients with breast carcinoma. We studied a series of bone marrow (BM) biopsies negative by conventional histologic techniques from 93 patients with breast carcinoma. Prior to this study, twelve BM biopsies, positive by conventional histology, were stained with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MoAb), directed either against cytokeratin (KL1, AE1-AE3, CAM5-2) or epithelial membrane antigen (EMA, HMFG2). KL1 appeared to be the most sensitive of the markers used in the detection of metastases and is available commercially. It therefore was the only MoAb used with the series of 93 BM biopsies negative by conventional examination. Within this series, among 45 patients clinically suspected of having bone marrow metastasis but with BM biopsies negative by conventional staining, one case showing myelofibrosis stained positive with KL1 demonstrating isolated tumor cells. For the 48 patients without suspicion of bone marrow metastasis at initial diagnosis for breast carcinoma, KL1 revealed no marrow metastasis. Single bone marrow biopsy techniques whether stained by conventional or IHC methods do not appear to be useful tests to detect occult bone marrow metastasis, especially at initial diagnosis of clinically Mo breast carcinoma patients.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical staining of bone marrow biopsies for detection of occult metastasis in breast cancer. 232 27


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