Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0268596 (EMA)
 2,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A conjugate of an anti-gastric cancer monoclonal antibody and mitomycin C linked by polyaldehyde dextran T-40 (MGb2-PAD-MMC) was prepared. Nude mice inoculated with human gastric cancer (SGC-7901) xenograft in bilateral subrenal capsule were treated ip with the conjugate at a daily dose containing MGb2 22.4 mg/kg and MMC 1 mg/kg for 6 d since 4 h after inoculation. The efficacy of the conjugate was estimated by the reduction of tumor size which calculated by T/C (%) was 32.2%. If MGb2 in the conjugate was replaced by a normal nude mice IgG (NIgG-PAD-MMC) or the nude mice were treated ip with the dose of MMC alone, the tumor T/C (%) were 58 and 87%, respectively. It was statistically significant between MGb2-PAD-MMC and NIgG-PAD-MMC or MMC treatment. When the above mentioned nude mice with SGC-7901 were treated ip with thrice dose of the conjugate (MGb2 67.2 mg/kg and MMC 3 mg/kg) for 6 d, the tumor growth was inhibited completely. Nevertheless, the same dose of MMC was given to the nude mice resulted in toxic appearance included anorexia, weight loss or even death. Furthermore, when the nude mice were treated ip with MGb2-PAD-MMC 24 h after inoculation, no apparent therapeutic effect was seen. In some experiments, nude mice inoculated with another human transplanted gastric tumor (GA II) xenograft treated ip with a conjugate of MGb2 and MMC or daunorubcin (Dau) 1 day after inoculation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Effects of immuno-drug conjugates on growth of human gastric cancer xenograft in subrenal capsule of nude mice]. 213 Jun 22

Occurrence of monocytoid B-lymphocytes (MBL) in spleens of 34 patients with gastric cancer was examined. Histologic findings of gastric cancer including classification, depth of invasion, and stage of disease were defined based on the General Rules for the Gastric Cancer Study (Japan). MBL were defined morphologically as having abundant pale cytoplasm with distinct cell borders and small nucleus often with reniform shape. Immunohistochemically, these cells were B-cell in nature, i.e., CD15-, CD43-, CD45RA+, CD45Ro-, CD68-, CD74+, CDw75+, Mx-PanB(L26)+, MBI+, EMA-, PG-MI-. Clusters of MBL were found in 14 of 34 (41%) patients: they were found to be directly adjoining to the periarterial sheath or apart from the white pulp. In the cases without MBL, zonation of mantle zone and marginal zone was apparent with distinct secondary follicles in 72% of cases. Meanwhile, in spleens with MBL, the mantle zone showed atrophy in a half of cases, resulting in indistinct zonation of the mantle zone and marginal zone. Secondary follicles were distinct in less than 30% of cases. Correlation of the occurrence of MBL, evaluated by Spearman's correlation coefficient, revealed that the age was the most important factor (R = -0.4852, P = 0.00364): the median age of patients with and without MBL was 75.7 and 61.7 yr, respectively. The MBL were increased in gastric cancer as compared with other cancers (P < 0.03) and with noncancer spleens (P < 0.1). The age of gastric cancer patients with MBL was older than those in other cancers and noncancer patients. Therefore occurrence of MBL in spleen might be a function of aging.
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PMID:The occurrence of monocytoid B-lymphocytes in the spleen in gastric cancer. 830 14

An immunocytochemical method using an antibody probe to recognise the epithelial membrane antigen was used to screen smears obtained surgically from bone-marrow in 88 patients with gastric cancer. Tumor cells were detected in the bone-marrow of 58 patients (65.9%). The EMA positive cells in the marrow were not correlated with the location and node status of the stomach. In the stage of TNM I, II, III and IV, the positive rates of micrometastases in the bone marrow were 42.9%, 57.1%, 73.7% and 69.0%, respectively. The results showed that the poorer differentiated lesion, the higher rate of positive cells in the bone marrow. The curative surgery and multimodality treatment after operation could result in remission of positive cells in some patients. The method can detect occult metastases in bone marrow, and may be useful to monitor patients for evidence of response. It can measure the efficacy of adjuvant therapy, and predict prognosis of the patients.
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PMID:[Detection of micrometastases in the bone marrow in patients with gastric cancer]. 873 77

The detection of single tumor cells or tumor cell clusters represents an important issue in intraoperative frozen section analysis. For example, surgical margins may be evaluated in order to minimize the number of additional operations. Furthermore, intraoperative diagnosis of lymph node micrometastasis (LNM) may help to define the area of appropriate lymph node dissection. In addition to haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections, immunohistochemical detection of single tumor cells or cell clusters may be helpful in this context. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance, reliability and sensitivity of intraoperative rapid immunostaining of frozen sections. Therefore, we compared the results of rapid immunohistochemical staining of frozen sections and paraffin sections applying the EnVision and Histofine(R) detection systems. In a prospective immunohistochemical study, paraffin and frozen sections of 20 gastric cancer specimens were analyzed. Paraffin as well as frozen sections were stained immunohistochemically applying the EnVision and Histofine detection systems. As primary antibodies, AE1/AE3 (anti-cytokeratin), EMA (anti-MUC1) and B lymphocyte marker anti-CD20 were applied. The rapid immunostaining procedure was able to be completed within 10-13 min. Rapid immunohistochemical staining of frozen and paraffin sections of the same tumors resulted in comparable immunoreactivity. The rapid EnVision and Histofine procedures allowed immunostaining of frozen sections in less than 13 min. These methods can represent useful additional tools in routine surgical pathology and research, enabling a more accurate frozen section diagnosis compared to staining with H&E alone. Intraoperative rapid immunostaining can be a simple and useful technique to detect LNM.
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PMID:Rapid immunohistochemical detection of tumor cells in gastric carcinoma. 1701 6

We have examined 1400 gastric biopsy specimens using classic morphological and immunohistochemical methods. Immunohistochemistry was performed using monoclonal antibodies against CD-20, CD-3, Bcl-2, EMA, CD-30 and Ki-67. A total of 105 cases were diagnosed as MALT lymphoma. We have analyzed age and epidemiological characteristics of these MALT lymphomas. Based on the received data we have concluded that MALT lymphomas are not rare entity in Georgia, particularly, this lymphomas consists 9, 0% of a total gastric cancer cases and 80% of B-lymphomas. In Georgia, as well as in the other countries of the world, MALT lymphomas are most common (80%) at the age of 55-56, with the difference that male population are most frequently diagnosed with this type of lymphomas than females.
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PMID:[Age and epidemiological characteristics of malt lymphomas in Georgia]. 1899 58

Primary gastric choriocarcinoma (PGC) is a rare tumor, and its pathogenesis is still uncertain. Most PGCs have been reported to possess an adenocarcinoma component of variable extent, and pure PGC is especially rare. The diagnosis of PGC is confirmed by exhibition of choriocarcinomatous components on biopsy and exhibition of beta-hCG positive cell on immunohistochemical stain and elevation of the serum beta-hCG. Moreover it must be confirmed that no other site including gonads displays any tumor masses. The PGC tends to be more invasive and to have early metastasis. The median survival is known to be less than several months. We report two cases. The first case was a 62 year-old man who was diagnosed as advanced gastric cancer (AGC) by endoscopic biopsy with hepatic metastasis and received palliative chemotherapy with modified FOLFOX regimen and Genexol plus cisplatin regimen. He underwent subtotal gastrectomy due to perforation of the stomach during chemotherapy. On post-operative biopsy, He was re-diagnosed as PGC and received another palliative chemotherapy modified FOLFIRI, BEP, EMACO, VIP. However, multiple liver metastases were aggravated, and also serum AFP level increased. Ultimately, the patient died 10 months after initial diagnosis. Another case was a 45 year-old man. On endoscopic biopsy, he was diagnosed as AGC of adenocarcinoma. On Chest and Abdomen CT, multiple pulmonary and hepatic metastasis were also confirmed. On liver biopsy, He was diagnosed as PGC. The immunohistochemical stains were performed and the results were cytokeratin positive, EMA negative and beta-hCG weak positive. The serum beta-hCG level was highly elevated. BEP, VIP and EMA/CO combination therapy were administered, but he died at 12th months after the initial diagnosis.
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PMID:Primary gastric choriocarcinoma: two case reports and review of the literatures. 1968 22