Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0268596 (EMA)
 2,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to isolate and culture the sweat gland epithelial cells in vitro and to study the effects of acetylcholine (ACh) on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) of cultured sweat gland epithelial cells, the following methods were used. First, repeated shearing and neutral red staining made the sweat glands pop out from subcutaneous tissues. Then, transferpettor was used to pick up the glands, which were cultured in Epilife after type II collagenase digestion. The molecular characterization of primary cultured sweat gland epithelial cells was shown by immunocytochemistry. The [Ca(2+)](i) was examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) with the Ca(2+)-sensitive dye Fura 3-AM, when ACh was added to the primary cells and the first passage cells. In the results, the established method yielded comparatively more sweat glands, and the primary and first passage epithelial cells developed well in Epilife. The primary epithelial cells were positive to anti-EMA, anti-CK and anti-CK7. After the ACh was added, when the medium with high calcium (2 mmol/L) was applied, the calcium channel of both primary and first passage cells opened and significant [Ca(2+)](I )increase was observed; when the medium with no calcium was applied, no significant [Ca(2+)](i )increase was observed. So, it is a good method to isolate sweat glands by repeated shearing and transferpettor picking, and the culture mediums of keratinocytes, like Epilife, can be used to culture the sweat glands epithelial cells. In both the cultured primary and first passage cells, when stimulated by ACh, the calcium channel opened, which induced an increase in [Ca(2+)](i), similar to the cells in vivo.
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PMID:Effects of acetylcholine chloride on intracellular calcium concentration of cultured sweat gland epithelial cells. 1838 25

We present a multimodal method combining quantitative electroencephalography (EEG), behavior and pharmacology for pre-clinical screening of analgesic efficacy in vivo. The method consists of an objective and non-invasive approach for realtime assessment of spontaneous nociceptive states based on EEG recordings of theta power over primary somatosensory cortex in awake rats. Three drugs were chosen: (1) pregabalin, a CNS-acting calcium channel inhibitor; (2) EMA 401, a PNS-acting angiotensin II type 2 receptor inhibitor; and (3) minocycline, a CNS-acting glial inhibitor. Optimal doses were determined based on pharmacokinetic studies and/or published data. The effects of these drugs at single or multiple doses were tested on the attenuation of theta power and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) in a rat model of neuropathic pain. We report mostly parallel trends in the reversal of theta power and PWL in response to administration of pregabalin and EMA 401, but not minocycline. We also note divergent trends at non-optimal doses and following prolonged drug administration, suggesting that EEG theta power can be used to detect false positive and false negative outcomes of the withdrawal reflex behavior, and yielding novel insights into the analgesic effects of these drugs on spontaneous nociceptive states in rats.
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PMID:An Electroencephalography Bioassay for Preclinical Testing of Analgesic Efficacy. 3040 74