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 10,007 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 18 cases of temporal arachnoid cysts the etiology, clinical and radiographic findings, surgical treatment, and outcome are reviewed. Cysts of the middle cranial fossa are susceptible to trauma, which may cause bleeding either into the cyst or into the subdural space. CT or MRI scans are diagnostic in arachnoid cysts. In cases of intracranial mass lesion with displacement of the midline structures and increasing ICP, osteoplastic craniotomy is performed and the medial wall of the cyst is resected down to the tentorial notch, with opening into the basal cisterns. There were no operative or postoperative complications in 18 consecutive cases. However, one boy required a cystoperitoneal shunt 3 months later as a result of hydrocephalus following subdural hematoma and two other patients were also subsequently shunted. Asymptomatic arachnoid cysts are discussed with the respect to brain function and potential risks.
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PMID:Arachnoid cysts of the middle cranial fossa. 149 10

Due to clinical requirements and to improve the handling of CSF drainage set we developed a new concept, consisting of an arrangement of constructions, which are already available. Besides other advantages, the set provides an ICP monitoring, a pump device and a protection of the air filter of the collecting tank for safer transport. Opening the system for the performance of diagnostic or therapeutic manoeuvres can therefore be avoided. This new equipment has been tested in 28 patients having a ventricular or lumbar CSF drainage with good results and has been quickly accepted by the medical staff. The construction is described in detail.
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PMID:[Initial experiences with a new cerebrospinal fluid collection system]. 149 13

We reported two cases of rapid resolution of acute subdural hematoma. Case 1, a 21-year-old female, sustained head trauma and became unconscious for about 15 min. Probably she was suffering from posttraumatic amnesia for about 1 day. On admission J.C.S and G.C.S were 20 and 9 (2 + 2 + 5) points, respectively. Neurological examination showed no abnormalities. An initial computed tomography (CT) scan taken 2 hours after the injury showed a high dense subdural hematoma on the left cerebral hemisphere and hemispheric swelling. She was conservatively treated. A follow up CT scan taken 8 hours after the injury disclosed rapid disappearance of the hematoma and cerebral swelling. Case 2a 23-year-old male, sustained head trauma and became unconscious for about 30 min. On admission J.C.S and G.C.S were 1 and 14 (4 + 4 + 6) points, respectively, and slight right hemiparesis was noted. An initial CT scan taken 2 hours after the injury showed subdural hematoma of the left cerebral hemisphere and hemispheric swelling. He was conservatively treated. A follow up CT scan taken 24 hours after the injury revealed almost complete disappearance of the subdural hematoma and cerebral swelling. It was suggested that the rapid resolution of acute subdural hematoma was attributable to redistribution due to decrease of ICP, and washing out by cerebrospinal fluid.
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PMID:[Rapid resolution of acute subdural hematoma; report of two cases]. 150 20

CSF outflow resistance was studied in cats using the lumbar infusion tests. Different infusion rates were applied from 0.012 to 1.8 ml/min. ICP level obtained during infusions varied from 8.9 +/- 3.0 to 144.0 +/- 25.7 mmHg. The calculated resistance (R) values were within 75.2 +/- 14.4 to 255.6 +/- 71.2. mm Hg/ml/min. The relation between ICP and R are characterized by a curve which can be divided into three parts. First R rises until an ICP level of about 20 mmHg is reached, then R decreases fast until the ICP value is about 50 mmHg, a further drop is much slower and the ICP/R curve becomes almost parallel to the ICP axis. The possible reasons for the ICP dependent changes of R as well as the clinical importance of the results obtained are discussed.
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PMID:ICP dependent changes of CSF outflow resistance. 151 27

The digestive gland of the western rock lobster, Panulirus cygnus, was shown to contain phosphatidylarsenocholine and a phosphatidyldimethylarsinylriboside by HPLC ICP-MS examination of lipid materials rendered water-soluble by hydrolysis. Water-soluble arsenic material in the digestive gland was chiefly arsenobetaine but the deacylated analogue of the phosphatidyldimethylarsinylriboside and an unidentified compound were also present.
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PMID:Arsenic lipids in the digestive gland of the western rock lobster Panulirus cygnus: an investigation by HPLC ICP-MS. 152 2

Discoloring and layers on bands and restorations during fixed orthodontic therapy are well known clinical phenomenon. Because of the complexity of etiological factors an in-vitro model was used in this study. Aim of the study was to examine the amounts and sort of metals which are dissolved. Therefore, respectively 25 normed MOD-cavities in Frasaco-teeth were filled with a non-gamma-2-amalgam (Amalcap plus, Vivadent) and condensed manually or mechanically. In addition, ten crowns of a high golden (Maingold SG, Heraeus) as well as a palladium basis alloy (Albabond A, Heraeus) were casted. Then they were banded with stainless steel bands (Dentaurum) and cemented with a glass ionomer cement (Ketac Cem, Espe). The probes were given into a 0.1 molar lactic acid for seven days at 37 degrees C. Using ICP (ion coupled plasma) analysis the corrosion solution was examined for elements. High levels of Zn- and Al-ion contents were found, which are components of the used cements. The filling materials themselves mainly set free small amounts of Ag, Sn or Cu. The steel band released Fe, Cr, Ni and Ti. The combination of filling material and band resulted in a higher release of most ions.
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PMID:[An in-vitro study of the interference of orthodontic banding and filling materials]. 152 12

The diffusive permeability to water molecules, Pd, of lipid vesicles with entrapped paramagnetic solute ions can be determined rapidly from analysis of the magnetic field dependence (nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion, or NMRD profile) of T1 of exterior solvent water protons. Such data yield tau, the mean lifetime of solvent molecules inside the vesicles, from tau = (fT1Para) - T1Ves, where f is the volume fraction of entrapped water, T1Para is the observed T1 corrected for buffer background, and T1Ves is the relaxation time of water protons in the entrapped solution. For small spherical unilamellar vesicles of inner radius R, Pd = R/3 tau, f can be obtained accurately from knowledge of both the concentration of Gd(DTPA)2- in the solution in which the vesicles were formed and the average concentration of ions in the final sample. At low temperatures, in the limit of slow exchange, T1Para becomes independent of field and tau = fT1Para; the observation of a field-independent profile is a control that confirms that no paramagnetic material is external to the vesicles. We have measured T1Para, using a field-cycling relaxometer, for suspensions of POPC (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-lecithin) vesicles with 100-500 mM entrapped Gd(DTPA)2- and membrane concentrations of cholesterol ranging from 0 to 40 mol %. These profiles, which span the field range 0.01-50 MHz proton Larmor frequency, were taken at 5, 15, 25, and 35 degrees C. Concentrations of Gd(DTPA)2- were determined independently by both ICP analyses and NMRD methods. Values for Pd for vesicles with 100 mM Gd(DTPA)2- and outer diameters 100 nm +/- 20%, as determined by quasielastic light scattering, are 63, 47, 24, 16, and 8.7 x 10(-4) cm s-1, at 25 degrees C, for cholesterol concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40%, respectively. The corresponding activation enthalpies are 14, 14, 14, 17, and 17 kcal/M. Comparison with 2H NMR studies of deuterated POPC vesicles with no cholesterol at 20 degrees C, and with 10% at 40 degrees C, which yielded the same order parameter for the palmitoyl acyl chains, gives no indication of a correlation between order parameter and permeability.
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PMID:Permeability of liposomal membranes to water: results from the magnetic field dependence of T1 of solvent protons in suspensions of vesicles with entrapped paramagnetic ions. 154 42

The Spiegelberg device is based on air-filled balloon system and was designed for epidural ICP monitoring. Zero adjustment is done automatically with the device in situ, thus avoiding zero drift. In 14 patients with mostly severe head injury (Glasgow Coma Scale score of 8 or lower in 10 patients) and 19-84 years old monitoring was carried out during treatment in the intensive care unit. ICP values were checked by repeating functional tests of the monitoring system, by serial cranial CT, and by a study of the clinical outcomes. Four patients died. There were no technical problems or infections. Clinically reliable data were obtained in 10 patients. The ICP shown was correlated with all other parameters; it was lower than would be expected in 1, and higher in 3 patients. With six simultaneous measurements with Gaeltec ICT/b, Camino subdural or an intraventricular catheter system the values were found to correlate only in 1 case. Experimental and clinical data suggest that the Spiegelberg-monitored ICP is somewhat higher than the ICP shown by other epidural systems. Clinical trials will be continued.
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PMID:[The Spiegelberg device for epidural registration of the ICP]. 155 62

The selenium (Se) concentration of paired blood and serum samples from cattle was determined by 2 methods: 1) atomic absorption spectroscopy using hydride generation (HG-AAS), and 2) inductively coupled argon plasma emission spectroscopy using hydride generation (ICP). Samples from 327 cattle were analyzed by HG-AAS, and samples from 344 cattle were analyzed by ICP. The data were examined by linear regression analysis, and the technique of inverse prediction was utilized to determine prediction intervals for estimating blood Se concentration from known serum Se concentration. The correlation coefficients, by simple linear regression of serum Se on blood Se, were 0.79 (r2 = 0.62) and 0.88 (r2 = 0.77) for the HG-AAS data and the ICP data, respectively. For the HG-AAS data, the inverse prediction formula for estimating blood Se when serum Se is known, at the 95% prediction interval, was [formula; see text]. For the ICP data, the inverse prediction formula for estimating blood Se when serum Se is known, at the 95% prediction interval, was [formula; see text]. The prediction intervals were quite wide, and the accuracy of estimating blood Se from a known serum Se was not useful for diagnostic purposes. The use of serum Se concentration to assess nutritional status of cattle with respect to Se does not appear to be appropriate.
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PMID:The correlation between serum selenium and blood selenium in cattle. 850 93

A new version of the direct injection nebulizer (DIN) is used to interface liquid chromatographic (LC) separations with element-selective detection using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The DIN injects all of the sample into the ICP and has a dead volume of less than 1 microliter. Charged species of arsenic and tin are separated as ion pairs on a micro-scale (1 mm i.d.), packed, reversed-phase column. Detection limits are 0.2-0.6 pg for arsenic and 8-10 pg for tin. For methanol + water eluents, the signal is highest at 25% methanol and stays within 25% of this maximum as the methanol fraction is varied from 20 to 80%. Compared with LC-ICP-MS with conventional nebulizers, the absolute detection limits and chromatographic resolution are substantially superior, and the dependence of analyte signal on solvent composition is somewhat less severe with the DIN.
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PMID:Elemental speciation by liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with direct injection nebulization. 158 Apr 4


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