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Following our study of the mineral contents of some Southern Italian wines, this work reports on the detection of 12 elemental components. The elements were determined using ICP-AES, flame atomic emission or absorption spectroscopy. The values determined for Li, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Rb, Sr and Ba were within the usual ranges for wines (average values for these elements were: 0.010, 26.2; 94.4; 888; 94.0; 3.30, 0.82 and 0.11 mg/l respectively). All the wines contained low levels of As, the concentrations of which were always under 0.20 mg/l, the maximum level permitted by E.E.C. standards. The measuring of Co, Ag, and Sb led us to ascertain, in all the wines, concentrations lower than 0.01 mg/l for Co and Ag and below the instrumental detection level for Sb (0.06 mg/l). In a previous study wines from D.O.C. areas of Southern Italy were analysed by the technique of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), for 14 minerals. This paper deals with further investigation of the mineral composition of the same wines for different metal constituents, analysed by ICP-AES, flame atomic emission, or atomic-absorption spectroscopy (two techniques). The first technique was applied to the detection of Co, As, Sr, Ag, Sb, and Ba. The alkaline metals Li, Na, K, and Rb were determined by flame atomic emission, a technique which possesses better detection limits for these elements. For Mg and Ca the atomic absorption methods were applied.
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PMID:Mineral contents of some southern Italian wines. II. Determination of Li, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Co, As, Rb, Sr, Ag, Sb, Ba. 408 83

The initial nutritional status of experimental animals can influence their response to subsequent dietary regimens. In the present study, we determined the variations in minerals in diet NIH-31, a breeding colony stock diet, and in tissues of weanling rats nursed by dams fed this diet. Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) was used to determine nine elements (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P and Zn) in diet and in liver, kidney, spleen, duodenum and femur from 22- to 26-day-old rats. Wet digestions were performed in mixtures of nitric, perchloric, and sulfuric acids (diets and soft tissues) or nitric and perchloric acids (femur). Solution concentrations ranged from less than 25 ng/ml for the trace elements to greater than 100 micrograms/ml for the major elements. Large variations in mineral content were found between batches of commercially prepared NIH-31 diet; relative amounts of Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn varied markedly. Significant differences in concentrations of major and trace minerals in liver, kidney, spleen and duodenal tissue were found among groups of weanling rats obtained from the same supplier at different times. Mn was readily quantitated in all tissues except spleen, where it was below detection limits. The precision obtained with the ICP-AES methodology has significant advantages for establishing variations in tissue mineral levels.
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PMID:Trace element studies in weanling rats: maternal diets and baseline tissue mineral values. 648 87

INAA, AAS and ICP-AES techniques are applied to the determination of trace amounts of Ag, Al, As, Au, Ba, Br, Ca, Cd, Ce, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Dy, Eu, Fe, Ga, Hf, K, La, Li, Lu, Mg, Mn, Na, Nb, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Sn, Sr, Ta, Th, Ti, U, V, W and Zn in the stalks of sugar cane plant after extracting juice, raw juice principal (mixed) juice, juice withdrawn from the successive stages of sugar industry, sirup, deposits from evaporators, molasse, A-? and B-sugar and in the soil samples (collected from the field supplying the factories by cane plants) taken from the immediate vicinity of the plant roots at surface, 30 and 60 cm depth. The results obtained are in a good agreement of the safety baselines of using juice as beverage, molasse derivatives (honey, sweets, ...) as diet for common people in the developed countries and in industry (methanol, ethanol, acetone & acetic acid, ...) and sugar sweeting for many purposes (in beverages, desserts, ...). Differences of trace elements concentrations in soil samples may be reasoned to geochemical and biogeochemical fractionation while those in juice may be due to the changes in the environmental conditions, chemical composition and botanic structures. Variations in trace element contents in the products formed during the successive stages of sugar industry may be a result of evaporation, filtration processes, chemical treatments or corrosion of vessels, containers or engines. Trace elements are very important where they are responsible for enzymatic and biochemical reactions, matabolism, health and diseases.
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PMID:Determination of trace elements of Egyptian cane sugar (Naga Hammady factories) by neutron activation, atomic absorption spectrophotometric and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometric analyses. 652 66

The argon supported inductively coupled plasma--atomic emission spectrometer (ICP--AES) is found to be an attractive analytical tool for the simultaneous multi-element determination of major, minor and trace elements in human liver and kidney specimens. The sample is digested with a mixture of HNO3--HClO4. The damp residue is taken up in HCl, aspirated into the plasma and the resulting emission signals are detected by a polychromator where the analytical lines of the 20 elements determined are included as fixed channels. The method is rapid, precise, sensitive, less subject to interferences and cost-effective. A total of 20 elements in about 40 autopsy samples of human kidney (cortex and medulla) and liver taken from Canadian adults living in the Great Lakes Region of Ontario were determined using the wet digestion-ICP--AES technique.
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PMID:Simultaneous determination of 20 elements in some human kidney and liver autopsy samples by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. 711 97

EuCl3.6H2O was administered by gavage for 28 consecutive days to groups of 10 male and 10 female rats (Slc:Wistar strain) at doses of 0, 40, 200, or 1000 mg/kg/day. Additional groups of male and female rats receiving the 0 and 1000 mg/kg doses were used to assess recovery after 14 days subsequent to cessation of compound administration. Body weights and food consumption were measured, and hematological, clinical biochemistry, and histopathological examination were performed. The concentrations of europium (Eu) and of essential elements in organs were determined by ICP-MS or ICP-AES. In the rats of each sex dosed at 200 and 1000 mg/kg, the body weight gain significantly decreased because of reduction in food consumption. Hyperkeratosis of the forestomach and eosinocyte infiltration of the stomach submucosa were found in both sexes receiving the 1000 mg/kg dose group, suggesting an irritation effect by EuCl3.6H2O. The Eu levels increased dose dependently in the liver, kidneys, spleen, and femurs, and the accumulated volume of Eu in these organs was estimated to be about 1/100,000 of the total dosed amount. The administration of EuCl3.6H2O increased the serum iron concentration in males and the serum total iron binding capacity in each sex and decreased cholinesterase activity in females in the 1000 mg/kg dosed group. Iron concentrations in the spleen and strontium concentrations in the femurs of rats of both sexes dosed at 1000 mg/kg were significantly decreased. We concluded that the no-observed-effect level is 200 mg/kg/day. Our investigation demonstrated that elemental analyses of organs is a useful approach to toxicological study.
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PMID:Toxicity study of europium chloride in rats. 747 67

The method of the atomic emission spectrometry with an excitation in the inductively coupled plasma ICP-AES has been applied to the simultaneous analysis of the elements: Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sr and V in the tobacco leaves samples CTA-OTL-1. The spectrometric analyses have been carried out on the emission spectrometer Spectroflame ICP M. About 300 mg of the sample and 1 cm3 of the concentrated HNO3 acid have been sealed in the quartz tube and mineralized by the pressure method. Since the ICP-AES technique is the most suitable to the direct analysis of the solutions, the main problem to solve was a mineralization of the sample. An application of the HNO3 acid alone did not give satisfactory results--unsolved residue remained. As a consequence the results for Mg, Ni, Pb were too low, whereas for the Al-nearly twice lower than the respective values given in the sample reference data. It has been observed that an addition of the conc. HF acid helps to dissolve the residue and, consequently, the optimalization of the mineralization process in the presence of the HNO3-HF mixture has been carried out. The results show that the appropriate amount of the HF acid to be added is 0.25 cm3. The other methods of mineralization using various mixtures of acids did not give good results. Only HNO3-HF mixture used in appropriate proportions give results in agreement with provided sample characteristics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Use of the ICP-AES method for multi-element analysis of tobacco leaves]. 748 4

Development of a new method for the determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) is described. Anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to separate Cr(III) and Cr(VI) with on-line detection by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) at 2766 A in preliminary studies, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with single-ion monitoring at m/z 52 and m/z 53 for final work. A mobile phase consisting of ammonium sulfate and ammonium hydroxide was used, and a simple chelation procedure with EDTA was followed to stabilize the Cr(III) species in standard solutions. ICP-MS results indicated the feasibility of using chromium isotope m/z 53 instead of the more abundant m/z 52 isotope due to a high mobile-phase background most significantly from the SO+ polyatomic interference. The absolute detection limits based on peak-height calculations were 40 pg for Cr(III) and 100 pg for Cr(VI) in aqueous media by HPLC-ICP-MS. The linear dynamic range extended from 5 ppb (ng/ml) to 1 ppm (micrograms/ml) for both species. By HPLC-ICP-AES, detection limits were 100 ng for Cr(III) and 200 ng for Cr(VI). Cr(III) was detected in NIST-SRM 1643c (National Institute of Standards and Technology-Standard Reference Material, Trace Elements in Water) by HPLC-ICP-MS at the 20 ppb level.
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PMID:Chromium speciation by anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography with both inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopic and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection. 758 51

We attempted to make a comparison of three methods for tissue platinum; atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The determination limits were 0.05 ng/mL on ICP-MS, 50 ng/mL on ICP-AES, and 200 ng/mL on AAS, and the recovery rates were 97.7 +/- 6.9% on ICP-MS, 69.0 +/- 3.0% on ICP-AES, and 102.4 +/- 4.0% on AAS, respectively. Platinum was detected by ICP-AES and ICP-MS in human vertebrae, but the level was higher by ICP-AES than by ICP-MS. In the mouse kidney treated with cisplatin, platinum was detected by ICP-MS, but not by ICP-AES. As cadmium gives the absorption peak close to platinum, cadmium was measured together with platinum by ICP-AES in the vertebrae. From these, ICP-MS is the most sensitive for measurement at tissue platinum. The sensitivity of ICP-AES looks worse for measuring the tissue platinum, and it is necessary to take care of the contaminant of metals, especially cadmium. AAS is not suitable for measurement of tissue platinum as in the vertebrae and kidneys, because platinum was not detectable by AAS.
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PMID:Comparison of three different methods for measurement of tissue platinum level. 762 71

A speciation method for vanadium(IV) and vanadium(V) is presented that uses a combination of HPLC and ICP-AES. In this method, 1 mM HNO3 solution and 100 mM HNO3 solution were applied in sequence as eluent. A vanadium(IV) and vanadium(V) mixture was injected into a HPLC anion-exchange column; and vanadium(IV) cation was then eluted by 1 mM HNO3, while vanadium(V) oxoacid anion was trapped on the column. After this separation, vanadium(V) was eluted as a cation from the column by 100 mM HNO3. Vanadium was detected by ICP-AES. In this separation, about 15% of vanadium(V) interfered with vanadium(IV), and trace vanadium(IV) interfered with vanadium(V). This interference could be estimated by simple calculation based on standard observations, and the speciation of vanadium(IV) and vanadium(V) was performed. The lower determination limit was 1 microgram/mL, which is insufficient to speciate vanadium sampled by conventional sampling methods in a working environment. However, impurity of the other valent vanadium species in a vanadium(V) reagent can be determined by the present method, which should be valuable in precisely assessing the toxicities of vanadium species.
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PMID:Speciation of vanadium(IV) and vanadium(V) using ion-exchange chromatography and ICP-AES. 769 4

The method of the emission atomic spectrometry with an excitation in the inductively coupled plasma (ICP-AES) has wide range of applications due to the possibility of the simultaneous determination of several elements in various materials. This technique allows to carry out a multi-element analysis at relatively low consumption of the sample which is an additional advantage of the method. In this paper we report an application of the ICP-AES method for a direct determination of the element Al, Cu, Fe, Mn, Sn and Zn in the samples of milk. Several types of pressure mineralization (teflon bomb, sealed quartz tubes) as well as the pressureless technique with the use of the H2SO4, HNO3 and H2O2 agents have been studied. The determinations have been carried out with the use of the Spectroflame M sequential spectrometer with the excitation in ICP plasma made by Spectro Analytical Instruments at the Frequency of 27.12 MHz. The milk samples after mineralization have been diluted to the same volume and directly introduced into the ICP plasma with the help of the pneumatic nebulizer of Meinhard type. On the basis of the obtained results it has been concluded that with an application of the aforementioned mineralization method the average values for the determination of the particular elements are comparable. Generally the most "repeatable" results have been obtained for the sample mineralized in the quartz tubes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Simultaneous determination of metals in milk by the ICP-AES technique]. 779 17


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