Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0268318 (ICP)
 10,007 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cryptococcal meningitis has a high mortality rate of central nervous infection. The patients usually die of the disease itself, or complications from increased intracranial pressure. Early diagnosis and treatment, including surgical drainage, will improve the results. In this series, twenty-one patients with high intracranial pressure (ICP > 300 mmH2 O) are presented. Fourteen received implantation of Ommaya reservoir to aspirate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for relief of symptoms of ICP. Meanwhile 4 of these 14 patients also received intraventricular injection of amphotericin B because of poor response to systemic drugs. Another seven patient received systemic drug therapy only. Survival during therapy occurred in 11 of 14 patients in the surgical group, compared with only 1 of 7 patients treated by drug therapy alone (P = 0.019). In the 14 patients who received implantation of an Ommaya reservoir, there was one complication of CSF leakage when the reservoir ruptured because of repeated aspiration. For patients with cryptococcal meningitis with high ICP, early implantation of an Ommaya reservoir will improve the survival rate.
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PMID:[Effect of implantation of an Ommaya reservoir on prognosis for cryptococcal meningitis]. 836 79

We report the case of a patient with advanced HIV disease and cryptococcal meningitis, who after an initially good clinical and mycological response to systemic anti-fungal treatment developed symptomatic raised intracranial pressure 10 days after initiation of highly active anti-retroviral therapy. We describe the subsequent clinical management and the features that suggest that this persistently raised ICP was more likely due to an immune reconstitution syndrome (IRIS) following HAART rather than relapse of cryptococcal disease or failure of anti-fungal therapy.
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PMID:Raised intracranial pressure complicating cryptococcal meningitis: immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome or recurrent cryptococcal disease? 1596 Nov 62

More than half of HIV - infected persons develop symptomatic neurological disease. The nervous system is extensively involved with no part of the neuraxis being immune from the virus. Beisdes the brain and spinal cord, the peripheral nerves and muscles may be affected. Neurological complications typically occur with advanced disease and profound immunosuppression, hence a knowledge of the CD4 lymphocyte count is of paramount importance. Since many of the conditions are amenable to treatment, a proper diagnosis and therapy may decrease morbidity in the already curtailed life span of the patient. Some opportunistic neurological infection is a result of latent/persistent infection requiring lifelong secondary prophylaxis e.g. toxoplasma encephalitis and cryptococcal meningitis. Neuroaids does not follow the law of parsimony i.e. a single entity may not be responsible for the entire constellation of signs and symptoms. HIV infection is the commonest cause of dementia in people under the age 50 in thedeveloped world. Cryptococcosis is the commonest infection affecting the nervous system in HIV positive patients. Tuberculosis has seen a resurgence following the out break of AIDS. CNS lymphoma is the commonest cause of raised ICP followed by tuberculoma, toxoplasmosis and brain abscess. Most patients with paraparesis have a typical HIV associated vacuolar myelopathy. A distal predominantly sensory neuropathy is the initial feature of insult to peripheral nerves. Muscle involvement may be due to polymyositis and HIV associated wasting syndrome but may also be aggravated by drugs (e.g. zidoudine).
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PMID:Neurological complications of HIV infection. 2950 93