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Query: UMLS:C0268318 (ICP)
 10,007 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

As public health continues to meet the challenges of old and new health risks, the practice of infection control will be an integral part of its services. The public health infection control program should include effective policies and procedures, in-service programs and implementation, and systems of surveillance specific to each department. Public health personnel must place emphasis on the practice of infection control in the community setting. The ICP who accepts this challenge will be in the forefront of infection control in public health. Infection control is a respected part of the hospital setting and now is the time for the ICP to tailor this program to the public health delivery system.
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PMID:Infection control in public health: a new perspective. 231 98

The synthesis of virus polypeptides in rat XC cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1; 13VB4tsC75) was studied. At the permissive temperature the virus induced the synthesis, in a cascade fashion, of significant amounts of several early polypeptides (ICP 6, 8 and 39) and those late polypeptides that are relatively resistant to inhibition by phosphonoacetic acid in HEp2 cells (ICP 5, 11, 25, 29, 43 and 44). The infectious cycle appeared to become arrested in XC cells at about 7 to 9 h postinfection, because the relative concentrations of early and latest polypeptides labelled thereafter remained constant and the levels of several of the late virus polypeptides were severely reduced (ICP 2, 10, 24 and 26) or not synthesized at all (ICP 32, 34 and 37). When XC cells were infected at a very high m.o.i., only a small amount of virus DNA synthesis could be detected; the synthesis of cellular DNA was not impaired and the infected XC cells continued to replicate for several weeks at least. When XC cells were infected at the non-permissive temperature, only the immediate-early (IE) ICP 4 could be detected while IE ICP 0 and 22 were not observed. Infection of XC cells with HSV-1 (MP) also resulted in the production of early and late viral polypeptides. On the other hand, in XC cells infected with HSV-1 (F) and HSV-1 (HFEM), the synthesis of virus polypeptides could not be detected.
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PMID:Virus polypeptide synthesis induced by herpes simplex virus in non-permissive rat XC cells. 630 50

A task analysis survey was conducted in 1982 by the Certification Board of Infection Control ( CBIC ) to determine the tasks performed by ICPs and the knowledge and abilities needed to perform these tasks. Data were obtained from 473 (78.8%) respondents to a nationwide mail survey of 600 ICPs . The respondents represent a randomized, stratified sample of ICPs in various types of U.S. acute care hospitals ranging in size from fewer than 50 beds to more than 500 beds. The results of the survey were used, in part, to develop the Infection Control Certification Examination, offered for the first time on November 19, 1983. According to the survey results, the modal or typical ICP is a white woman between the ages of 31 and 50 years using the title of infection control nurse. She has been employed full time for 2 to 10 years in infection control practice in a Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals (JCAH)--accredited community acute care hospital having 301 to 500 beds. She is working at the supervisory level, is on the nursing department payroll, votes as a member of the hospital's infection control committee, and received her last degree or diploma more than 15 years ago.
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PMID:A national task analysis of infection control practitioners, 1982. Part One: methodology and demography. 656 72

Infection control practitioners working within health care facilities are charged with the providing of in-service education programs for all new employees and volunteers as well as for all hospital departments, at least annually. To be effective, each program should be customized to meet the needs of the group for which it is given. Such a charge may be viewed as simply a "requirement that must be satisfied," or it may be approached as a challenge to be met with a measure of ingenuity and inventiveness. Academic preparation in the principles and skills germane to teaching are traditionally lacking in the training of health care professionals, and the ICP is thus left accountable for a job function for which she/he may have little proficiency. Customized education programs may be achieved with thoughtful planning and through the use of a few innovative ideas and resource materials available to most practitioners.
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PMID:Customizing infection control educational programs within the health care facility. Meeting a challenge vs. just satisfying a requirement. 692 20

Infection Control policies/procedures are written to reduce the risk for patient and HCW infection. But, if the policy or procedure is not practical, feasible or up-to-date, compliance will be low and risk may increase. Risk assessment within the community and evaluation of exposures to create changes using new technologies will help to protect the HCW. The ED should develop an open working relationship with the ICP and participate through active membership on the infection control committee. The ICP should spend time in the ED observing or, better yet, by spending some time walking in their shoes. Working together, sharing data on risk and exposures, compliance with PPE recommendations, and cleaning routines are ways to bring about a more risk-free environment for both patient and care provider.
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PMID:Forum: trauma and infection: considerations for patient and health care professional. 884 26

Infection of intracranial catheters is a common complication of ICP monitoring. The introduction of a simple technique of ensheathing the entire length of the external segment of the catheter in a sterile plastic sheath resulted in a decreased infection rate. In the study year, one of 78 patients developed catheter-induced meningitis, compared with seven of 64 patients in the year prior to the introduction of the protective plastic sheath. The use of a plastic sheath resulted in a low rate of infection.
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PMID:A simple technique to limit ICP catheter infection. 933 32

Infection of maternal, antibody-negative chickens with chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) can cause clinical disease, while infection after maternal antibodies wane often results in subclinical infection and immunosuppression. Currently, vaccines are not available for vaccination in ovo or in newly hatched chickens. Development of CIAV vaccines for in ovo use depends on the ability to generate vaccines that do not cause lesions in newly hatched chicks and that can induce an immune response regardless of maternal immunity. Immune complex (IC) vaccines have been successfully used for control of infectious bursal disease, and we used a similar approach to determine if an IC vaccine is feasible for CIAV. Immune complexes were prepared that consisted of 0.1 ml containing 10(5.4) tissue culture infective dose 50% of CIA-1 and 0.1 ml containing 10 to 160 neutralizing units (IC Positive [ICP]10 to ICP160), in which one neutralizing unit is the reciprocal of the serum dilution required to protect 50% of CU147 cells from the cytopathic effects caused by CIA-1. Virus replication was delayed comparing ICP80 and ICP160 with combinations using negative serum (IC Negative [ICN]80 or ICN160). In addition, the number of birds with hematocrit values <28% were decreased with ICP80 or ICP160 compared to ICN80 or ICN160. Seroconversion was delayed in ICP80 and ICP160 groups. To determine if ICP80 or ICN 160 protected against challenge, we vaccinated maternal, antibody-free birds at 1 day of age and challenged at 2 wk or 3 wk of age with the 01-4201 strain. Both ICP80 and ICP160 protected against replication of the challenge virus, which was measured using differential quantitative PCR with primers distinguishing between the two isolates. Thus, in principle, immune complex vaccines may offer a method to protect newly hatched chicks against challenge with field virus. However, additional studies using maternal, antibody-positive chicks in combination with in ovo vaccination will be needed to determine if immune complex vaccines will be useful to protect commercial chickens.
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PMID:Immune complex vaccines for chicken infectious anemia virus. 2150 Jun 42

There is no information yet about plant species capable of accumulating many different metals/metalloids. The plants feasible for phytoremediation aims must grow fast, have high biomass, deep roots, and should accumulate and tolerate a range of toxicants in their aerial parts. In our research, greenhouse and field experiments have been performed to investigate accumulation and tolerance of not well-studied trace elements such as Br, Eu, Sc, Th (and also U) in couch grass and wheat. We compared bioaccumulation abilities of the plants with those of some other plant species grown under the same conditions. Additionally, we tested the effects of inoculation of seeds with Cellulomonas bacteria on phytoextraction of the trace elements from contaminated soils. For determination of elements, we used neutron activation analysis and ICP-MS. It was found that couch grass and wheat can grow in heavily contaminated soils and accumulate different toxic trace elements to levels that exceed physiological requirements typical for most plant species. Infection of seeds with bacteria resulted in a significant increase in the uptake of various trace elements and their translocation to upper plant parts. The use of couch grass and/or wheat, either alone or in combination with microorganisms, is a promising way to phytoextract metals/metalloids from contaminated soils.
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PMID:About plant species potentially promising for phytoextraction of large amounts of toxic trace elements. 3260 3