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Query: UMLS:C0267964 (PAA)
 2,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Densely grafted polyacrylic acids (d-PAAs) with overcrowded PAA side chains on the polyacrylate main chains were synthesized and characterized. Acryloyl poly(tert-butyl acrylate) macromonomer [M-P(tert-BA)] was prepared with a definite chain length (n=29) by atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), then homopolymerization was carried out to produce densely grafted P(tert-BA)s with polyacrylate main chains of two different lengths (m=27 and 161). The two d-PAAs were obtained by hydrolyzing d-P(tert-BA)s in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). The d-PAAs exhibit intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the carboxylic groups of PAA side chains in dioxane and pyridine; both were investigated using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding was found to be dependent on polymer concentration, temperature, and water content. The intramolecular association between the PAA side chains was found to produce a contraction of the hydrodynamic volume of the d-PAA. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding produces aggregates, as demonstrated by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The clusters were found to shrink as the overall water concentration decreased, and this effect is tentatively explained by considering the gradient in chemical potential of water inside the clusters in comparison with the solvent phase.
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PMID:Interactions between brushlike polyacrylic acid side chains on a polyacrylate backbone in dioxane-water. 1575 57

Perfluorinated alcohols and acids such as hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), trifluoroethanol, trifluoroacetic acid, pentafluoropropionic acid, and heptafluorobutyric acid induce coacervation and phase separation in aqueous solutions of a wide variety of individual and mixed amphiphiles [ Khaledi Langmuir 2013 , 29 , 2458 ]. This paper focuses on HFIP-induced complex coacervate formation in the mixtures of anionic polyelectrolytes, such as sodium salt of poly(methacrylic acid) (PMA) or poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and cationic surfactants of alkyltrimethylammonium bromides. In purely aqueous media and over a wide concentration range, mixtures of PMA and CTAB form the catanionic complex (CTA(+)PM(-)) that is insoluble in water (white precipitate). Upon addition of a small percentage of HFIP, the mixture goes through phase transition and formation of two distinctly clear liquid phases. The phase diagram for the HFIP-PMA-CTAB coacervate system was studied. The coacervate volume was determined as a function of system variables such as charge ratio as well as total and individual concentrations of the system components. These results, combined with the chemical composition analysis of the separated aqueous top-phase and coacervate bottom-phase, shed light on the coacervation mechanism. The results suggest that exchange of counterions and ion-pair formation play critical roles in the coacervation process. This process facilitated by HFIP through solvation of the head groups and dehydration of the hydrophobic moieties of the catanionic complex. Because of the presence of HFIP, coacervation occurs over a wide range of concentrations and charge ratios of the oppositely charged polyelectrolyte and surfactant.
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PMID:Perfluoro-alcohol-induced complex coacervates of polyelectrolyte-surfactant mixtures: phase behavior and analysis. 2592 May 13