Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0267964 (PAA)
 2,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report on a case of lethal short-limbed skeletal dysplasia with extremely short ribs, median cleft upper lip and palate, malrotation of intestine, lung hypoplasia with bilateral segmentation defect, atrial septum defect, union of distal urethra and vagina, and complex brain malformations. Based on radiological criteria and the pattern of associated abnormalities a short rib syndrome without polydactyly (Type Beemer) was diagnosed. Morphologically, the growth plate showed a reduced proliferation zone and an enlarged zone of hypertrophic cartilage. In addition, islands of persistent hypertrophic cartilage were present even in the metaphysis. In monolayer cell cultures supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum proliferation was normal in articular chondrocytes, reduced in costal chondrocytes, and elevated in osteoblasts from the patient. Clonal growth of costal and articular chondrocytes in methylcellulose could be stimulated normally by insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), IGF-II, and human growth hormone (hGH). However, the response to transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) was markedly elevated in articular chondrocytes of the patient compared to those of 3 fetal controls. Quantitative collagen synthesis in both osteoblasts and chondrocytes from the patient did not differ significantly from that of controls. Osteoblasts synthesized predominantly collagen I and minor amounts of collagen III, chondrocytes synthesized primarily collagen II. All collagen chains including CNBr-peptides of collagen II showed normal migration in PAA gel electrophoresis.
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PMID:Proliferation and collagen biosynthesis of osteoblasts and chondrocytes in short rib syndrome type beemer. 832 25

Bioadhesive vaginal tablets were prepared using poly(acrylic acid) (PAA); Methylcellulose (MC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) as bioadhesive polymers in different concentrations and acyclovir as drug by direct compression technique (DCT) and wet granulation technique (WGT). Physical tests were applied to the tablets. The swelling behavior of vaginal tablets in distilled water, lactic solution and cow vagina, acyclovir release rate in lactic solution and bioadhesion to vaginal mucosa in cow vagina, in situ, were investigated. Swelling of the tablets containing HPC, CMC and MC was very rapid and caused disintegration of the tablets. The swelling behaviour of the tablets containing HPMC lasted 6 h in lactic solution. The force (N) necessary to detach the tablets from the vaginal tissue was found to depend on concentration and type of the bioadhesive polymer. The tablets containing HPMC needed the most detachment force.
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PMID:Studies on vaginal bioadhesive tablets of acyclovir. 1079 44

This study aimed at elucidating an optimal synergistic polymer composite for achieving a desirable molecular bioadhesivity and Matrix Erosion of a bioactive-loaded Intravaginal Bioadhesive Polymeric Device (IBPD) employing Molecular Mechanic Simulations and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Fifteen lead caplet-shaped devices were formulated by direct compression with the model bioactives zidovudine and polystyrene sulfonate. The Matrix Erosion was analyzed in simulated vaginal fluid to assess the critical integrity. Blueprinting the molecular mechanics of bioadhesion between vaginal epithelial glycoprotein (EGP), mucin (MUC) and the IBPD were performed on HyperChem 8.0.8 software (MM+ and AMBER force fields) for the quantification and characterization of correlative molecular interactions during molecular bioadhesion. Results proved that the IBPD bioadhesivity was pivoted on the conformation, orientation, and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) composition that interacted with EGP and MUC present on the vaginal epithelium due to heterogeneous surface residue distributions (free energy= -46.33 kcalmol(-1)). ANN sensitivity testing as a connectionist model enabled strategic polymer selection for developing an IBPD with an optimally prolonged Matrix Erosion and superior molecular bioadhesivity (ME = 1.21-7.68%; BHN = 2.687-4.981 N/mm(2)). Molecular modeling aptly supported the EGP-MUC-PAA molecular interaction at the vaginal epithelium confirming the role of PAA in bioadhesion of the IBPD once inserted into the posterior fornix of the vagina.
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PMID:Optimization of a polymer composite employing molecular mechanic simulations and artificial neural networks for a novel intravaginal bioadhesive drug delivery device. 2123 2