Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0265264 (HOS)
 1,119 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Concurrent and discriminative validity of the MAACL--R scales were studied by means of correlations with selected MMPI experimental scales (AR, DR, HOS, Poor Morale, and ES) for a sample of 88 male VA alcoholics. Concurrent validity of Anxiety, Depression, Hostility and PASS, and discriminative validity of the Anxiety scale were confirmed.
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PMID:MMPI experimental scale correlates of the MAACL--R with male alcoholics. 176 60

Partially thiolated polycytidylic acid (5-mercaptopolycytidylic, MPC) and its double-stranded complex with polyinosinic acid [poly (I)].poly(I).MPC, were assayed in both antiproliferative and cytotoxicity tests against human cell lines: lung carcinoma A549, colon carcinoma HT-29, osteosarcoma HOS, and amnion cells (WISH). Inhibitory effects of MPC were noted in the antiproliferative assay with ID50 of 7, 24, 33, and 35 micrograms.ml-1, and in the cytotoxicity test with ID50 of 164, 174, 210, and 290 micrograms.ml-1 against the HOS, A549, HT-29, and WISH cells respectively. Comparison with the corresponding partially thiolated mononucleotide (5-mercapto-CMP + CMP) and the nucleoside (5-mercapto-cytidine) demonstrated that MPC was a more potent antiproliferative agent than either of its monomeric constituents. The inhibitory effect of MPC upon the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into the DNA of growing A549 cells paralleled its antiproliferative activity.
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PMID:Inhibition of human cancer cell lines in vitro with mono- and polynucleotides containing 5-mercaptocytosine bases. 177 73

The possible carcinogenicity of insoluble chromium (VI) compound, PbCrO4, in human cells has been tested using a nontumorigenic human osteosarcoma cell line (HOS, TE 85). Electron microscopic studies show that PbCrO4 is phagocytosed by HOS cells and accumulates within the vacuoles in the cytoplasm. A number of cell lines have been isolated following multiple treatment of HOS cells with PbCrO4. These cell lines are morphologically different from HOS cells, form anchorage-independent colonies in soft agar and form quickly regressing small tumor nodules in athymic nude mice. The cellular and secreted plasminogen activator (PA) levels of 5 cell lines isolated after PbCrO4 treatment are increased up to 8 fold and up to 10 fold respectively as compared to untreated HOS controls. SDS-PAGE analysis in the presence of copolymerized substrates is consistent with increase in 55 kDa urokinase-type PA (u-PA) and 68 kDa tissue-type PA (t-PA). These results show that PbCrO4 treatment leads to stable phenotypic changes indicative of the transformation of HOS cells.
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PMID:Induction of morphological transformation, anchorage-independent growth and plasminogen activators in non-tumorigenic human osteosarcoma cells by lead chromate. 188 37

Although frozen semen is now being used clinically, the fertilizing function of thawed semen has not yet been evaluated adequately. The changes in frozen sperm functions were evaluated and the changes in regard to the fertilization phenomenon were also investigated. The collected semen was evaluated by the following function tests, 1) Bovine cervical Mucus Penetration test (BMP test), 2) Zona-free hamster egg Sperm Penetration Test (ZSPT), 3) Hypoosmotic Swelling test (HOS test), 4) Triple stain technique (AR test), 5) Semen Auto Analyzer. The freezing medium was KS-II solution with a program freezer (CRYO-10). The results were as follows: 1) In the BMP test, the frozen normospermic group maintained fertilizing capacity. 2) There was no significant difference between fresh and frozen semen in the penetration rate of ZSPT except in the oligospermic group. 3) In the HOS test, there was no difference between fresh and frozen specimens in the number of swollen sperms which endured freezing and maintained the sperm membrane integrity. 4) There was a tendency to compare to that of fresh semen the increase in AR in frozen semen, but it was not significant. 5) There were low values after thawing except for LHD, but there still remained fertilizability after freezing. In conclusion, there was no reduction in fertilizing capacity following freezing through out the sperm function tests.
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PMID:[Fertilizing capacity of fresh and frozen spermatozoa]. 191 85

Clinical observations have demonstrated a positive effect of estrogens and androgens on the maintenance of structural bone integrity. This study examines the direct effects of androgenic hormones on the osteoblast-like human osteosarcoma cell line, HOS TE85. Employing radiolabeled dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 2800 saturable, high-affinity (dissociation constant = 0.66 nM) androgen binding sites were detected per HOS TE85 cell. Androgen binding was specific in that DHT and testosterone (T) displayed significantly greater competition than the progestins, progesterone and medroxyprogesterone. The expression of androgen receptors in HOS TE85 cells was further substantiated by Northern analysis. A human androgen receptor complementary DNA probe revealed a 9.5 kilobase transcript which corresponds to the predominant human androgen receptor transcript detected in human male reproductive tissues. Androgens were also found to elicit biological responses in HOS TE85 cells. Physiological concentrations of DHT and T decreased HOS TE85 cell proliferation as assessed by cell count. This finding suggests that DHT may also play a role in osteoblast differentiation. In support of this hypothesis, treatment with T (24 h, 10 nM) enhanced the abundance of both alpha 1(I)-procollagen messenger RNA (mRNA) (5-fold) and transforming growth factor-beta mRNA (2.2 fold). The nonaromatizable androgen DHT (24 h, 10 nM) elicited an increase in the steady state concentration of alpha 1(I)-procollagen mRNA similar to the increase observed with T treatment. Thus, in addition to the recent discovery of estradiol receptors and estrogenic regulation of HOS TE85 cells, it is now evident that these osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells also express high affinity androgen binding sites and can respond biologically to androgens.
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PMID:High-affinity androgen binding and androgenic regulation of alpha 1(I)-procollagen and transforming growth factor-beta steady state messenger ribonucleic acid levels in human osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells. 203 57

Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) promotes the growth of a variety of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells, both benign and malignant. There is now evidence that osteoblast-like cells produce GM-CSF and their growth is stimulated by this cytokine in vitro. We have studied the effect of rhGM-CSF on DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in the human osteogenic sarcoma cell lines U-20S, G-292, MG-63, and HOS. RhGM-CSF stimulated a dose-dependent increase in radioactive thymidine incorporation in each of the four cell lines in the presence of serum-free media, and in two cell lines (HOS and U-20S) in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS). In addition, rhGM-CSF produced significant increases in cell proliferation in two cell lines (MG-63 and U-20S) in the presence of 2% FBS. These results suggest that GM-CSF may have an important role in the biology of human osteogenic sarcoma cells. The clinical implications of these findings merit further investigation.
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PMID:The effect of rhGM-CSF on the proliferation of osteogenic sarcoma cells. 206 68

The presence and functions of steroid receptors were evaluated in three human osteosarcoma cell lines (OS1 = SA OS; OS2 = HOS TE 85, and OS3 = MNNG HOS TE 85). The human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was used as internal control for oestrogen receptors (E2R). High and low affinity sites were characterised. The high affinity sites had a similar dissociation constant in all four cell lines. In contrast, the number of sites per cell was higher in MCF-7 cells. E2 did not significantly modify the number of progesterone receptors (PgR) per cell in any of the osteosarcoma lines. As expected, E2 increased the number of PgR sites per MCF-7 cell. 4-hydroxytamoxifen decreased the growth of MCF-7 cells only. OS1 and OS2 were sensitive only to the highest concentration tested, which produces only non-specific cytotoxic effects. Thus E2R and PgR were found in osteoblast-like cells, but the function of E2R in such cells remains unknown.
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PMID:Steroid receptors in human osteoblast-like cells. 214 99

Stable SV40 transformation of the human osteosarcoma cell line HOS yielded SV-HOS cells with high levels of large-T and quasi-original levels of p53. The latter kept its former intermediate metabolic stability, was found to be uncomplexed with SV40 large-T, however coimmunopurified with a 70 kDa protein. Upon comparison with HOS, SV40-HOS cells showed decreased serum-dependence and increased colony-forming efficiency in soft agar. SV-HOS cells were non-invasive in an in vitro assay in contrast with SV40-transformed human cells exhibiting a classical large-T-p53 complex. Both SV40-transformed human cell types were poorly tumorigenic in athymic mice in contrast with transformed HOS cells, expressing activated v-ras or met oncogenes. The p53 molecules from HOS cells and any of the HOS derivatives were underphosphorylated and showed unusual methionine- and phosphate-containing peptide fingerprints when compared with 'normal' human p53, which can associate with SV40 large-T. The structural and biological features of the HOS p53 molecules are discussed in relationship to analogous human and murine molecules in experimental and natural systems.
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PMID:Partial transformation of human tumor cell lines showing defective interaction between unusual p53 gene product and SV40 large-T antigen. 215 84

Many oncogene products have been shown to bear strong homology to or to interact with components of normal cellular signal transduction. We have previously shown that a glycoprotein band of 95 kilodaltons (kDa) becomes tyrosine phosphorylated in chick cells transformed by Rous sarcoma virus and that tyrosine phosphorylation of this protein band correlates tightly with phenotypic transformation in cells infected with a large and diverse panel of src mutants (L. M. Kozma, A. B. Reynolds, and M. J. Weber, Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:837-841, 1990). In this communication, we report that a component of the 95-kDa glycoprotein band is related or identical to the 95-kDa beta subunit of the receptor for insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I). We found that the beta subunit of the IGF-I receptor comigrated on polyacrylamide gels with a component of the 95-kDa glycoprotein region from src-transformed cells under both reducing and nonreducing gel conditions and had a very similar partial phosphopeptide map. To further test the hypothesis that the beta subunit of the IGF-I receptor becomes tyrosine phosphorylated in cells transformed by pp60src, a human cell line that expressed the IGF-I receptor was transformed by src. Comparison of IGF-I receptors immunoprecipitated from normal and transformed cells revealed that the beta subunit of the IGF-I receptor became constitutively tyrosine phosphorylated in src-transformed cells. Moreover, IGF-I receptor phosphorylation induced by src was synergistic with that induced by the hormone: IGF-I-stimulated autophosphorylation of the receptor was much greater in src-transformed cells than in untransformed HOS cells even at maximal concentrations of IGF-I. This increased responsiveness to IGF-I was not due to increases in receptor number, time course of phosphorylation, or affinity for hormone. Finally, no IGF-I-like activity could be detected in culture supernatants collected from the src-transformed cells, suggesting that the increased receptor phosphorylation observed in the src-transformed cells may be mediated by an intracellular mechanism rather than an external autocrine stimulation. Our data demonstrate that the IGF-I receptor becomes constitutively tyrosine phosphorylated in src-transformed cells. This finding raises the possibility that pp60v-src alters growth regulation at least in part by phosphorylating and activating this growth factor receptor.
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PMID:Constitutive phosphorylation of the receptor for insulinlike growth factor I in cells transformed by the src oncogene. 216 77

We have previously shown that two alleles of the MET locus are independently rearranged in the chemically-treated human cell line MNNG-HOS. One allele is the TPR-MET oncogene which was activated by fusion of the MET locus on chromosome 7 with the TPR locus on chromosome 1. The second allele is found on a der(7)t(1;7)(q23;q32) chromosome and is characterized by a deletion of the amino-terminus of the MET extracellular ligand binding domain. Here we present a pulsed field gel electrophoresis analysis which reveals that the two MET allele rearrangements in MNNG-HOS cells are more complex than originally thought. The breakpoint in MET on der(7) has been molecularly cloned and, unexpectedly, we found that rearrangement in this allele involves sequences derived from chromosome 2. Moreover, the rearrangement producing der(7) involves an inversion of the MET locus or a more complex alteration. Analysis of hybrid cells containing TPR-MET demonstrated that both the upstream and downstream portions of MET are conserved in this rearrangement and that oncogene activation occurred by an insertion of TPR sequences into the MET locus. These findings illustrate that when examined at the molecular level some chromosome abnormalities can be extremely complex and, thus, are of limited value in gene mapping studies.
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PMID:Analysis by pulsed field gel electrophoresis reveals complex rearrangements in two MET alleles in a chemically-treated human cell line, MNNG-HOS. 225 Sep 12


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