Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0264733 (ventricular dilatation)
 2,163 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We examined the effect of six doses of dexamethasone (Dex) administered daily (2-7 days of age) to postnatal rats on body weight gain, food and water intake, peripheral hormonal/metabolic milieu, and hypothalamic neuropeptides that regulate food intake. We observed a Dex-induced acute (3 days of age) suppression of endogenous corticosterone and an increase in circulating leptin concentrations that were associated with a decrease in body weight in males and females. Followup during the suckling, postsuckling, and adult stages (7-120 days of age) revealed hypoleptinemia in males and females, and hypoinsulinemia, a relative increase in the glucose-to-insulin ratio, and a larger increase in skeletal muscle glucose transporter (GLUT 4) concentrations predominantly in the males, reflective of a catabolic state associated with a persistent decrease in body weight gain. The increase in the glucose-to-insulin ratio and hyperglycemia was associated with an increase in water intake. In addition, the changes in the hormonal/metabolic milieu were associated with an increase in hypothalamic neuropeptide Y content in males and females during the suckling phase, which persisted only in the 120-day-old female with a transient postnatal decline in alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and corticotropin-releasing factor. This increase in neuropeptide Y (NPY) during the suckling phase in males and females was associated with a subsequent increase in adult food intake that outweighed the demands of body weight gain. In contrast to the adult hypothalamic findings, cerebral ventricular dilatation was more prominent in adult males. We conclude that postnatal Dex treatment causes permanent sex-specific changes in the adult phenotype, setting the stage for future development of diabetes (increased glucose:insulin ratio), obesity (increased NPY and food intake), and neurological impairment (loss of cerebral volume).
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PMID:Postnatal glucocorticoid exposure alters the adult phenotype. 1500 31

Pulmonary infantile hemangiomas are extremely rare in infancy and childhood. We describe a case of a 22-month-old infant who presented with repeated chest infections. Imaging studies revealed a solitary parenchymal lung lesion in the left upper lobe, an atrial septal defect, and mild right ventricular dilatation. Various investigations failed to delineate the precise nature of the lung lesion and it was resected. Histological examination of the lung lesion showed an infantile hemangioma, which expressed glucose transporter-1 protein, GLUT-1, a marker of infantile hemangiomas. This case represents a unique coexistence of 2 lesions, both of which resulted in right-sided overload, contributed to mainly by the atrial septal defect causing increased volume and, to a lesser extent, by the pulmonary hemangioma resulting in increased pressure. This case also emphasizes the fact that infantile hemangioma, although rare, should be considered as a differential diagnosis of solitary lung lesions.
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PMID:Solitary pulmonary infantile hemangioma in an infant with atrial septal defect. 1799 Sep 17