Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0264733 (ventricular dilatation)
 2,163 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neuroradiological findings of a patient with paretic neurosyphilis are described. A 50-year-old male patient showed personality changes, severe dementia and some neurological deficits. Serological analysis of serum and cerebrospinal fluid demonstrated the presence of antibodies to Treponema pallidum. Computed tomography showed diffuse cerebral cortical atrophy and ventricular dilatation, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed some small abnormal signals in the white matter. Single photon emission tomography using [123I] N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine (IMP-SPECT) indicated decreased activities, most markedly in the right frontal and bitemporal cortices. Although the neuroradiological findings were nonspecific, the MR imaging and IMP-SPECT findings were interesting because they have not been described previously to our knowledge.
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PMID:Neuroradiological findings of paretic neurosyphilis, a case report. 182 Jun 61

A case of hydrocephalus in which a crossed cerebellar diaschisis with single photon emission CT (SPECT) using 123I-iodoamphetamine (123I-IMP) disappeared by a ventriculo-peritoneal shunting operation, was reported. A 54-year-old female had a clipping surgery for a aneurysm of the left middle cerebral artery on April 9, 1987. Post-operatively, she had a transient mild aphasia. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) study with 123I-IMP-SPECT had showed low perfusion in the left frontal and temporal lobe. But after a month, clinical symptom and CBF findings had improved. She had been doing well after the discharge until October, 1987, when she developed disorientation. CT on re-admission showed the ventricular dilatation with periventricular low density (left greater than right). 123I-IMP-SPECT study showed the crossed cerebellar diaschisis which was a low perfusion in the left frontal, temporal, parietal, thalamus, basal ganglionic area and in the opposite cerebellum. A ventriculo-peritoneal shunting operation was performed which brought the disappearance of the crossed cerebellar diaschisis and the clinical improvement. The phenomenon of crossed cerebellar diaschisis has been reported in a lot of literatures. However, those diseases were located in unilateral supratentorium. It has been speculated that crossed cerebellar diaschisis is the transneural metabolic change through the cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathway by supratentorial lesion. Crossed cerebellar diaschisis in hydrocephalus has not been reported so far.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Crossed cerebellar diaschisis in hydrocephalus--a case report]. 262 9

Several studies have demonstrated lowered cerebral blood flow (CBF) in patients with hydrocephalus and symptoms of raised intracranial pressure. Ventricular shunting in such cases permits a sudden increase in CBF. The pathophysiology of functional brain deficit secondary to hydrocephalus is little understood. Improvement of the patient's clinical status after drainage of CSF suggests that cerebral dysfunction is not necessarily due to permanent brain damage. In fact, it improves rapidly after ventricular taps. In view of this it would be helpful to monitor cerebral perfusion. The transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography technique allows real-time monitoring of the intracranial circulation and makes it possible to evaluate the physiopathological correlation between ventricular dilatation and CBF. Continuous monitoring of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) by TCD was performed in three hydrocephalic children (2 months, 14 months, and 8 years old) during a ventricular-peritoneal shunt operative procedure. A TC-2000S device provided by an IMP-F fixed probe was utilized. In all patients, when the lateral ventricle was shunted and the CSF could flow away, a clear and sudden increase of flow velocity above 30% was detected. The pulsatility index (PI) was also pathologically increased in all patients. A gradual normalization of this index was revealed after the shunting procedure. Our experience has to be considered preliminary, but nonetheless, it suggests a clear correlation between hydrocephalic disease and concomitant CBF alterations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Intraoperative monitoring of cerebral blood flow during ventricular shunting in hydrocephalic pediatric patients. 758 87

We describe here chronological single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with N-isopropyl-p-[123I]iodoamphetamine (123I-IMP) of a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) from the early clinical stages. The case, an 8-year-old Japanese girl, was in clinical stage I of the disease on admission. A SPECT study with 99mTc-hexamethylprophyleamine oxime (99mTc-HM PAO) and 123I-IMP revealed hypoperfusion of cerebral blood flow in the bilateral occipital areas and a part of the cerebellum. Initially, no abnormal findings were observed on CT and MRI. Subsequently, however, MRI indicated abnormal signal intensity dominantly in the area of the occipital white matter where hypoperfusion of cerebral blood flow was found by the initial SPECT studies. This abnormal cerebral hypoperfusion appeared to improve after treatment with oral inosiplex and intrathecal interferon-alpha over 6 months of the clinical course. The abnormal signal intensity on the MRI also decreased, but simultaneous cranial CT demonstrated diffuse cortical atrophy and slight ventricular dilatation.
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PMID:Chronological SPECT studies of a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. 821 34

The siblings of Sanfilippo syndrome type A (MPS III A) have been reported. The relationship of their parents was the first cousins. Case 1: A 30-year-old Japanese man was hospitalized because of gait disturbance and mental impairment. His early somatic and mental development was normal until 9 years of age when mental deterioration had developed. Speech and gait disturbances and double incontinence occurred at 18 years of age. He could not walk at 21 years of age. Those symptoms were slowly progressive. Case 2: A 32-year-old Japanese man, the elder brother of case 1, had a similar clinical history to that of case 1. Their neurological findings revealed mental impairment, coarse face, positive forced grasp and sucking reflexes, and pyramidal signs. Lumbar X-ray showed platyspondylitis, compression fracture of L 1 and osteoporotic changes. Brain MRI of both cases showed brain atrophy, ventricular dilatation and abnormal high intensity signals near the posterior horn of the lateral ventricles on T2 weighted image. Low perfusion images of fronto-parietal regions were seen in the early phase of SPECT using 123I-IMP. This siblings were diagnosed as Sanfilippo syndrome type A because of heparan sulfaturia and deficiency of heparan sulfate sulfamidase of the lymphocytes. Average life span of Sanfilippo syndrome type A is not so long but the age of our cases is over 30 years of age.
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PMID:[Clinical and neuroradiological evaluation of the long-term surviving siblings of Sanfilippo syndrome A type]. 951 6