Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0264733 (ventricular dilatation)
 2,163 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Physiologic changes during pregnancy affect nearly every organ system. In the thorax, the diaphragm elevates as much as 4 cm because of displacement of the abdominal organs by the gravid uterus, resulting in lower lung volumes. Maternal blood volume and cardiac output increase approximately 45% by mid-pregnancy. Cardiac output can increase as much as 80% during vaginal delivery and up to 50% with cesarean section. These changes result in pulmonary vascular engorgement, progressive left ventricular dilatation, and mild hypertrophy (Fig. 1). Pregnant patients are also prone to a number of pulmonary insults, including infection, aspiration, and neoplastic disease. These abnormalities have several radiographic patterns: cardiogenic and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, focal pulmonary abnormalities, and extraalveolar air. Radiologists must recognize not only the normal chest radiographic appearance in these patients but also the thoracic complications associated with pregnancy.
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PMID:Cardiopulmonary complications of pregnancy: radiographic findings. 827 29

Fryns syndrome (FS) is the commonest autosomal recessive syndrome associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and comprises CDH, pulmonary hypoplasia, craniofacial anomalies, distal limb hypoplasia, and internal malformations. Although there have been more than 50 case reports on probands with FS, the diagnostic guidelines were formulated from a review of eight patients and modifications to the guidelines have only once been suggested. Recently, several case reports have described new anomalies in FS and other papers have highlighted the variation in expressivity found in FS. This paper examines the medical literature on FS to define the phenotype and to review the diagnostic guidelines. We conclude that CDH with brachytelephalangy and/or nail hypoplasia is strongly suggestive of the diagnosis and that pulmonary hypoplasia, craniofacial dysmorphism, orofacial clefting, and polyhydramnios are sufficiently frequent to be diagnostically useful. Other distinctive malformations that are consistent with FS include ventricular dilatation or hydrocephalus, agenesis of the corpus callosum, neuronal or cerebellar heterotopias, abnormalities of the aorta, renal cysts, dilatation of the ureters, bicornuate uterus, renal dysplasia, proximal thumbs, and broad clavicles.
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PMID:Fryns syndrome: a review of the phenotype and diagnostic guidelines. 1473 97