Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0264733 (ventricular dilatation)
 2,163 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty cases of ependymomas of the intradural filum terminale in adults have been reviewed. Their pathology was quite uniform, of a myxopapillary type, similar to the low grade ependymoma described by Kernohan, which represent about 23% of the tumours of cauda equina. Mean age of the patients was 35.7 years. Mean time between the first symptom and the diagnosis was 46 months. Clinical symptoms were often non specific, with low back pain and radiculalgias. At the time of operation, clinical signs were essentially motor deficits usually moderate (11 cases), sphincter disturbances (10 cases), and sensory loss (9 cases). In 3 patients with rapid worsening, an intratumoral haemorrhage was found. In 2 other cases, intracranial hypertension was the main symptom: in the first, it was related to hydrocephalus probably caused by spinal subarachnoid haemorrhage; in the second, there was no ventricular dilatation. In this series, neuroradiological examinations had consisted mainly in myelographies. C.T. scan has been performed in 3 patients; in only one case it has allowed to visualize a presacral extension. One patient had preoperative M.R.I.: the association of an expansive lesion with upper cyst in conus medullaris and presence of blood in the sacral area permitted the diagnosis of ependymoma of the filum terminalis. The average size of the tumours was 8 cm. Total removal has been possible in 15 cases (and in 2 of the 5 giant tumours), subtotal removal in 2 cases, and partial removal in 3 cases. In 4 patients where existed an intraspinal cord extension above the conus, it has been resected completely, except for one case with recurrence. Patients with a total removal had a good functional recovery (13/15). No recurrence has been observed in this group. In conclusion, with M.R.I., one may hope an earlier diagnosis, condition of radical surgery. So, radiotherapy which is not without risk, could be avoided.
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PMID:[Ependymoma of the intradural filum terminale in adults. 20 cases]. 216 65

Hydrocephalus associated with spinal tumors is a well known but not common phenomenon. Over 80 such cases have been reported since 1931 by Kirieleis. Most of those cases present features of raised intracranial pressure, for instance papilledema. The histological diagnosis of the tumors is ependymoma (1/2), neurinoma (1/4) and malignant astrocytoma (1/4). On the other hand dementia as a symptom of spinal tumors has been reported only 13 times. In 11 of 13 cases presented with signs of NPH, mental status improved only by removal of the tumors without shunt operation. The histological diagnosis of the tumors is neurinoma (9 cases), ependymoma (2) and meningioma (2). Ours is the 14th case. A 59-year-old woman presented a 6 month history of memory disturbance, gait disturbance and urinary incontinence. CT scan showed ventricular dilatation. RI cisternography revealed a block at lumbar region. CSF obtained by lumbar puncture was deep yellow and turbid. CSF protein level was markedly elevated to 4073 mg/dl. MRI of the spinal cord demonstrated cauda equina mass. Total removal of the spinal tumor was performed. The histological diagnosis was neurinoma. Within 3 weeks the patient's symptoms had dramatically improved. The decrease in ventricular size was noted on CT 18 months after operation. We think one of the most important factors by which spinal tumors develop NPH is elevation of the CSF protein content. In our case, postoperative protein level decreased from 4073 to 274 mg/dl.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Neurinoma of the cauda equina associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus]. 821 13

To determine the frequency and nature of MRI lesions in children with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1), 50 patients aged 8 to 16 years were evaluated prospectively with cranial MRI. Forty-one children were asymptomatic with respect to central nervous system pathology, and 50% were macrocephalic. Sixteen patients (32%) had normal MRI examinations. Thirty-two patients (64%) had high intensity lesions on T2-weighted images and 16 patients (32%) had hyperintense lesions on T1-weighted images. Seven patients (14%) had ventricular dilatation (associated with increased intracranial pressure in 2) and 11 patients (22%) had optic pathway lesions (optic glioma in 7). MRI was superior to CT in differentiating optic sheath thickening and optic nerve tortuosity from optic glioma in four patients. An intracranial tumour (ependymoma) and sphenoid wing dysplasia were evident in individual patients. Findings previously unreported in NF1 included an aqueductal web resulting in hydrocephalus, intraocular neurofibroma resulting in retinal detachment, and asymptomatic enlargement of the septum pellucidum. T1 and T2 signal abnormalities in isolation were not associated with neurological deficits or the occurrence of macrocephaly, and all lesions that required intervention were suspected clinically. Macrocephaly in the absence of increased intracranial pressure or accelerated head growth is not an indication for neuroimaging in children with NF1. However, the majority of children (68%) had disease-specific abnormalities and thus MRI may provide a useful adjunct to clinical evaluation in the diagnosis of equivocal cases.
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PMID:MRI findings in children with neurofibromatosis type 1: a prospective study. 866 66

Pathological-anatomical autopsy is the gold standard for determining of foetal abnormalities, but in some cases its role is limited (pathology of central nervous system, in particular, in case of ventricular dilatation or developed autolysis). In pathology of central nervous system, where insufficiency of autopsy can occur, additional post mortem magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is performed to determine type of malformation. In this case report, we would like to point out the fact that although all investigating methods including post mortem magnetic resonance and autopsy (incl. imunohistochemical tests) are used, this need not necessarily result in a clear diagnostic conclusion of the aborted foetus. Post mortem MRI visualized pathology: dilatation of both lateral ventricals, more in the left and, above all, a pathological focus parasagittaly on the right with haemorrhage and cystic component; it raised a suspicion on ependymoma. However imunohistochemical test did not give an unambiguous conclusion; therefore diagnosis based on MRI could not be uniquely verified.
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PMID:Is it always possible to determine a diagnosis? Prenatal ultrasonography, post mortem magnetic resonance, autopsy. 2042 87