Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0264733 (ventricular dilatation)
 2,163 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Following perinatal asphyxia and intracranial hemorrhage frequently progressive ventricular dilatation develops in preterm infants. Most common is communicating hydrocephalus due to obliterative arachnoiditis. Ventricular dilatation is reported to affect normal brain development and early therapy is recommended. Cerebrospinal fluid shunting is still accompanied by multiple complications, esp. in preterm infants with a birth-weight below 1,500 g. Seven preterm infants, born between the 27th and 34th gestational week with a birthweight of 910-1,940 g were medically treated for their progressive communicating hydrocephalus. The therapy consisted of intermittant lumbar punctures, medication of acetazolamide and furosemide as well as electrolyte and base replacement. Therapy was started at the 14th-31st postnatal day and lasted from 46 to 149 days. In all children the ventricular dilatation diminished. A steady state of cerebrospinal fluid production and absorption was regained in four children. Due to reoccurrence of ventricular dilatation shunting was performed in three others at the age of more than 3 months and with a weight of 3,620-5,170 g. Thus, medical therapy of hydrocephalus provides time for development of preterm infants, delay of shunting procedures and normalisation of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics.
 ...
PMID:[Conservative treatment of non-resorptive hydrocephalus in premature infants]. 273

Peri-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) is a major problem of preterm neonates: over 40% of infants with birth weight less than 1500 g have been found to experience this disorder. The posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) is generally believed to occur secondary to obliterative posterior fossa arachnoiditis. Its management in critically ill premature infants with multiple medical problems has thus become quite significant. This paper reports the results of the placement of a temporary external ventricular drainage in three patients in whom progressive ventricular dilatation began within two weeks after severe neonatal PIVH. In all patients the hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure were controlled within three weeks of treatment. One infant died from other problems associated with his prematurity. Early demonstration of progressive ventricular dilatation by ultrasound and prompt external drainage has been found to be a safe initial method to treat PHH in preterm infants.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of progressive posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus with temporary external ventricular drainage. Preliminary results. 353 86

We report a case of non communicating hydrocephalus due to membranous obstruction of Magendie's foramen. A 37-year-old woman presented with intracranial hypertension symptoms caused by the occlusion of Magendie's foramen by a membrane probably due to arachnoiditis. As far as the patient's past medical history is concerned, an Epstein-Barr virus infectious mononucleosis was described. Fundoscopic examination revealed bilateral papilledema. Brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a significant ventricular dilatation of all ventricles and turbulent flow of cerebelospinal fluid (CSF) in the fourth ventricle as well as back flow of CSF through the Monro's foramen to the lateral ventricles. The patient underwent a suboccipital craniotomy with C1 laminectomy. An occlusion of Magendie's foramen by a thickened membrane was recognized and it was incised and removed. We confirm the existence of hydrocephalus caused by fourth ventricle outflow obstruction by a membrane. The nature of this rare entity is difficult to demonstrate because of the complex morphology of the fourth ventricle. Treatment with surgical exploration and incision of the thickened membrane proved to be a reliable method of treatment without the necessity of endoscopic third ventriculostomy or catheter placement.
...
PMID:Hydrocephalus due to Membranous Obstruction of Magendie's Foramen. 2567 49