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Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cervical lymphadenopathy with packet formation as the sole presentation of tuberculosis is very rarely seen in modern Japan. During the four years from 1987 to 1990, 5 cases of cervical scrofula with packet formation were treated with selective neck dissection followed by antituberculous chemotherapy at the ENT-department of Haibara General Hospital. Clinical evaluation of these cases suggested the following: 1) The physician must keep in mind that cervical scrofula should be included in the differential diagnosis of any neck masses, and malignant neck tumors particularly should be differentiated from cervical scrofula. 2) The treatment of cervical scrofula should be appropriate to the clinical stage diagnosed by CT or MRI. Recommended therapy for cervical scrofula with packet formation is selective neck dissection followed by antituberculous chemotherapy, which can shorten the period of treatment. 3) We present here a 22-year-old female from the Philippines with cervical scrofula and suggest that, in the future in Japan, tuberculosis may frequently be encountered in the immigrant population from the countries with high incidences of tuberculosis.
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PMID:[Clinical issues of tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis: evaluation of 5 cases with packet formation]. 156 10

After a review of the literature, the authors present 20 cases of parapharyngeal tumors which were operated on over the past 13 years at the ENT Clinic of the University of Florence. Although diagnosis is generally made quite late, great improvement has been achieved with the new "imaging" techniques. New and better information has made it possible to choose the most suitable surgical approach. In such cases neoplasm is most frequently observed in young adults; they prove benign in most cases and are of varying oncotypes--most often of a salivary gland or neurogenic origin. Diagnosis is performed by a CT scanner with an intravenous contrast medium and by angiography of the carotid artery. More recently CT sialography and MRI have also been used. The surgical technique (transoral, transcervical, transparotid and transmandibular excision, alone or combined) was chosen according to localization, size and vascularity. Follow-up data show a high incidence of recovery (85%) with acceptable functional results.
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PMID:[Tumors of the lateral parapharyngeal space. Our case series]. 165 26

Plain radiology of the maxillary sinus correlates poorly with pathological conditions affecting it as shown by subsequent endoscopic assessment. Tomographic radiology provides a much higher diagnostic yield and in particular is of great value in assessing the 'opaque antrum'. The false positive rate is similar in the two techniques but tomography yielded no false negative diagnoses in this study compared with an incidence of 31% with plain radiology. Sinoscopy remains the definitive method of assessing antral disease but tomographic radiology is a highly accurate screening technique. It provides this accuracy at low cost, low orbital irradiation and more convenience than the newer techniques of CT and MRI scanning which are still not widely available for routine ENT use.
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PMID:Polytomographic radiology in the diagnosis and management of maxillary antral disease as determined by antroscopy. 203 62

36 patients with carcinomas of different ENT regions were investigated by means of MRI, CT and B-mode ultrasonography (US). The images were evaluated by parameters of clinical importance: tumour detectability marginal appearance, internal architecture, regional extension, and artifact degradation. The results were compared with the clinical tumour staging in accordance with the TNM system. In MRI, a multiplanar imaging of tumour extension with horizontal, frontal and sagittal sections is possible. Together with a good contrasting of the tumour against the surrounding structures, these are major advantages over CT in the imaging of carcinomas of the tonsils, the hypopharynx and the larynx. For both methods, tumours of the tongue base and the floor of the mouth are a real challenge. Lymph node metastases can be visualised with MRI, but US is the method of choice for the evaluation of cervical lymph nodes.
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PMID:[Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of head and neck tumors. A comparison of methods]. 352 Jan 94

The value of imaging and interventional neuroradiological methods in ENT is surveyed. The role of CT and MRI is discussed in the diagnosis of various diseases. CT remains the method of choice in inflammatory paranasal sinus disease and in craniofacial trauma, whereas MRI has become the preferred imaging technique in patients with sensorineural hearing loss. CT and MRI are complementary in the assessment of skull base tumors. Preoperative embolization facilitates surgery of highly vascular tumors. Endovascular procedures play a prominent role in the control of hemorrhages of the head and neck region and are the method of choice in the treatment of arteriovenous fistulas.
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PMID:[Modern neuroradiologic diagnosis and interventional strategies for the ENT physician]. 749 62

A 33-year-old, female presenting with dementia was admitted to our institution. Except for slight muscle atrophy noted on both lower extremities there were no other significant physical signs or laboratory findings. Since initial Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT showed hypoperfusion on both temporal, parietal and occipital lobes, follow up study with the same radiotracer was done. Increase in uptake was noted in the left side of the face. There was no abnormality noted on ENT examination. CT scan and MRI showed slight nasal mucosal wall thickening. T1-201 SPECT showed increased uptake in the nasal area. The increase in uptake could be due to nasal mucosal thickening. This could simulate nasal tumor and interfere in determining ROI for brain perfusion studies.
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PMID:Nasal mucosal thickening simulating a tumor: potential for misdiagnosis in brain perfusion imaging. 888 12

A prospective MRI sinus study primarily applied to a group of patients with suspected neurological intercranial pathology is carried out. Even in this non-ENT population, the prevalence of inflammatory sinusitis abnormalities on MRI is high.
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PMID:Prevalence of paranasal sinus abnormalities on MRI in a non-ENT population. 888 97

Hearing loss and tinnitus are frequently encountered in ENT patients and usually require complementary investigations such as audiogram, auditive evoked potentials, CT scan, MRI... One recent etiology, that is more and more discovered, is a decrease in spinal fluid pressure secondary to a dural fluid leak that occurs after a diagnostic lumbar puncture, a spinal anesthesia, an accidental dural puncture during an epidural technique or a lumbar myelography. Postural headache which are frequently present in such a setting, may mask these auditive symptoms. Epidural injection of autologous blood (blood patch) performed by anesthesiologists, which is usually indicated to treat such postural headaches, is efficient in relieving other symptoms related to spinal fluid leak after dural puncture. We report two cases of isolated auditive complaints (hearing loss and tinnitus) which have been dramatically improved after blood patch. In conclusion, ENT surgeons should seek for a recent or even a past history of spinal puncture whenever the etiology of auditive symptoms of their patient remains unclear.
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PMID:[Chronic tinnitus and hearing loss caused by cerebrospinal fluid leak treated with success with peridural blood patch. Apropos of 2 cases]. 903 82

The problems with the system for reconstructive surgery for head and neck cancers in our department where plastic surgeons are regularly invited from distant facilities were discussed. Especially, the importance of preoperative discussion between the plastic surgeons and ENT doctors was stressed. The computer system with Internet will play an important role in exchanging information such as CT scans and MRI scans between the plastic surgeons and ENT doctors. Moreover, the establishment of a system to prevent postoperative troubles such as closure of anastomosed vessels was stressed. Twenty-seven re-vascularized free flaps had been transferred with a 96.3% success rate (26 of 27 cases). We concluded that the system for reconstructive surgery under the multiple facility cooperation system worked well.
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PMID:[Reconstructive surgery for head and neck cancers under multiple facility cooperation system]. 914 17

Chordomas are dysembryogenic tumors originating from the notochordal process. The case of a 9-month-old male infant with involvement of the ethmoidal sinus and anterior fossa is reported. These tumors are rare in ENT practice and in children arise in the clivus. The diagnosis was made by biopsy, CT and MRI. Surgery is the only effective treatment, with chemotherapy and radiotherapy having little value. The complication and relapse rates are high.
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PMID:[Chordoma of the ethmoidal sinus. A case report]. 958 Apr 66


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